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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introgression of a gene restoring fertility to CMS (Trachystoma) Brassica juncea and the genetics of restoration (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 116 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A dominant gene restoring fertility to a cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line of Brassica juncea was derived from the somatic hybrid Trachystoma ballii+B. juncea. Its introgression resulted from forced pairing between chromosomes of the cultivar ‘Pusa Bold’ and chromosomes of the fusion hybrid. Segregation ratios of this fertility restorer gene followed a monogenic pattern. The introgression of the fertility restorer gene did not cause any abnormalities, such as reduced fertility; pollen and seed fertilities of the restored plants were over 90%. Restored fertile and CMS plants exhibited similar Southern hybridization patterns when probed with the mitochondrial probe atp6.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1997.tb00992.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytogenetical and molecular investigations on somatic hybrids of Sinapis alba and Brassica juncea and their backcross progeny (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 115 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Somatic hybrids of Sinapis alba+Brassica juncea (Sal Sal AABB) were synthesized by protoplast electrofusion. They were true genomic allopolyploids since they possessed 60 chromosomes, i.e. the sum of S. alba (2n= 24) and B. juncea (2n= 36) chromosomes. Chromosome pairing was predominantly bivalent with the occasional occurrence of multivalents in the pollen mother cells at diakinesis and metaphase I. Hybrids were completely pollen-sterile, but produced seeds on back-crossing with B. juncea and B. campestris. A total of 37 BC1 plants were raised from two somatic hybrids (JS-1 and JS-2) and 24 of these were analysed cytologically. The 22 plants originating from the pollinations of somatic hybrids with B. juncea showed a chromosome configuration of 18II+12I and had 42–86% pollen fertility. Two plants from the backcrosses of the somatic hybrid with B. campestris formed 10II +20I, and had 0–4% fertile pollen. Total DNA analysis by probing with pTA71 carrying a full-length 18S–25S rDNA fragment of the wheat nuclear genome revealed that the two somatic hybrids possessed all the characteristic bands of both the species, confirming their hybridity. Probing with the mitochondrial coxI and atp9 genes indicated mitochondrial genome recombination in the hybrids. Hybridization with chloroplast-specific psbD indicated that both the somatic hybrids possessed the cp genome of S. alba origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1996.tb00961.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chloroplast substitution overcomes leaf chlorosis in a Moricandia arvensis-based cytoplasmic male sterile Brassica juncea (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 1179-1182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Brassica juncea ; Moricandia arvensis ; Cytoplasmic male sterility ; Chlorosis correction ; Cytoplasmic hybrids ; Chloroplast substitution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A male sterile Brassica juncea line based on Moricandia arvensis cytoplasm was developed previously by backcrossing the somatic hybrid M. arvensis+B. juncea, and the gene for restoring fertility was introgressed. The CMS line is very severely chlorotic because of the presence of alien chloroplasts and flowering is delayed by 30–40 days, making it unsuitable for the exploitation of heterosis. We have resorted to another cycle of protoplast fusion between green fertile B. juncea and chlorotic male sterile B. juncea, and developed green male-sterile plants. Molecular analysis revealed that in green male-sterile plants chloroplasts of M. arvensis origin were substituted by those from B. juncea, giving rise to intergeneric cytoplasmic hybrids with mitochondria of M. arvensis origin. With the development of dark-green male-sterile plants, the CMS fertility restoration system is suitable for the production of hybrid mustard.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051007
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recombination between chloroplast genomes of Trachystoma ballii and Brassica juncea following protoplast fusion (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 260 (1998), S. 357-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key wordsTrachystoma ballii ; Brassica juncea ; Somatic hybrid ; Chloroplast genome recombination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We document here the presence of a recombinant plastome in a cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line of Brassica juncea developed from the somatic hybrid Trachystoma ballii + B. juncea. Restriction endonuclease digestion of the chloroplast (cp) DNA has revealed that the recombinant plastome gives rise to novel fragments in addition to the parent-specific fragments. Analysis of the 16S rRNA region by Southern hybridization shows no variation between B. juncea, T. ballii and the CMS line. The rbcL gene region of the recombinant plastome is identical to that in T. ballii. Analysis with probes for psbA and psbD using single and double DNA digests indicates that the hybridization patterns of the recombinant plastome are identical to those of the parents in digests obtained with some restriction enzymes, while novel bands hybridize to probes in other digests. In the psbA region, a B. juncea-specific PstI site and a T. ballii-specific EcoRI site are found in the recombinant plastome. The psbD region of the recombinant plastome contains a B. juncea-specific HindIII site and T. ballii-specific BamHI and HpaII sites. These results indicate the occurrence of intergenomic recombination between the chloroplasts of T. ballii and B. juncea in the somatic hybrid from which the CMS line was developed. The recombined plastome appears to be a mosaic of fragments specific to both parents and the recombination event has occurred in the single-copy regions. These recombinational events have not caused any imbalance in the recombinant plastome in terms of chloroplast-related functions, which have remained stable over generations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380050904
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Moricandia arvensis– based cytoplasmic male sterility and fertility restoration system in Brassica juncea (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 488-492 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Cytoplasmic male sterility ; Fertility restoration ; Moricandia arvensis ; Brassica juncea ; Protoplast fusion ; Somatic hybrids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A cytoplasmic male-sterility system has been developed in mustard (Brassica juncea) following repeated backcrossings of the somatic hybrid Moricandia arvensis (2n=28, MM)+B. juncea (2n=36, AABB), carrying mitochondria and chloroplasts from M. arvensis, to Brassica juncea. Cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) plants are similar to normal B. juncea; however, the leaves exhibit severe chlorosis resulting in delayed flowering. Flowers are normal with slender, non-dehiscent anthers and excellent nectaries. CMS plants show regular meiosis with pollen degeneration occurring during microsporogenesis. Female fertility was normal. Genetic information for fertility restoration was introgressed following the development of a M. arvensis monosomic addition line on CMS B. juncea. The additional chromosome paired allosyndetically with one of the B. juncea bivalents and allowed introgression. The putative restorer plant also exhibited severe chlorosis similar to CMS plants but possessed 89% and 73% pollen and seed fertility, respectively, which subsequently increased to 96% and 87% in the selfed progeny. The progeny of the cross of CMS line with the restorer line MJR-15, segregated into 1 fertile : 1 sterile. The CMS (Moricandia) B. juncea, the restorer (MJR-15), and fertility restored F1 plants possess similar cytoplasmic organellar genomes as revealed by ‘Southern’ analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050921
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