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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 109 (1990), S. 164-165 
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A fall on the buttocks caused monolateral transient palsy of the hip abductors in two patients. Palsy could be ascribed to acute entrapment of the superior gluteal nerve between the piriformis muscle and the incisura ischiadica major.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neuropathy ; Monoclonal gammopathy ; Autoimmunity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We describe three patients with chronic progressive polyneuropathy associated with IgA monoclonal gammopathy. Two patients had a prominent sensory neuropathy and one had a prominent motor neuropathy. Sural nerve biopsies showed axonal degeneration in all cases. In immunocytochemical studies patients' IgG immunostained axons. By Western immunoblot a band of IgG reactivity with an axonal protein of 66 kDa was found. No band of IgA and IgM were found. We suggest the possibility that the IgA monoclonal protein may act as a stimulating factor of preexisting B cell clones eliciting an immune reaction against nerve antigens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Pancreas transplantation ; Kidney transplantation ; Diabetic neuropathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Previous study have reported a significant improvement of peripheral neuropathy following combined pancreas and kidney transplantation attributed to improvement of blood glucose control by some authors and to elimination of uraemia by others. To asses the specific role of uraemia and hyperglycaemia in neuropathy, 16 diabetic uraemic patients with combined pancreas and kidney transplantation were compared to 9 diabetic patients with a renal graft only. Neurophysiological studies of peripheral neuropathy included ulnar and deep peroneal nerve motor conduction velocity, median and sural nerve sensory conduction velocity were performed at baseline and 1 and 2 years after transplantation. One year after transplantation mean nerve conduction velocity significantly improved in both groups. However, changes were statistically significant in the kidney-pancreas group only. At the 2 year follow-up nerve conduction velocity had increased further in the pancreas-kidney group only. These data suggest that improvement of nerve conduction velocity following pancreas and kidney transplantation is predominantly due to the long-term euglycaemic state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords IDDM ; diabetic polyneuropathy ; pancreas transplantation ; kidney transplantation ; metabolic control.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Diabetic polyneuropathy is a common, disabling chronic complication of diabetes mellitus. Previous studies have suggested that combined pancreas-kidney transplantation can ameliorate nerve conduction. The relative contribution of the correction of hyperglycaemia and uraemia on nerve function is still a matter of debate. Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) was assessed before and after simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation, and before and after pancreas graft failure in five insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients affected by severe diabetic polyneuropathy. Sensory and motor NCV were recorded in five nerves and expressed as a cumulative index for each patient. Metabolic control was evaluated by fasting blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels. NCV index was below normal values before transplant: –3.8 ± 0.7 (normal value: 0.89), improved 1 and 2 years after transplant: –3.1 ± 1.3 and –2.6 ± 0.9 (p = 0.0019), stabilised until pancreas failure and deteriorated to pre-transplant values 2 years after pancreas graft failure: –3.6 ± 1.0 (p = 0.034). Fasting blood glucose levels worsened after pancreas graft failure. HbA1 c levels, in the normal range during functioning pancreas graft (6.6 ± 0.6 %), deteriorated after its failure (8.0 ± 0.6 %, p = 0.04). Kidney function was preserved. These data support a positive effect of pancreas transplantation per se on NCV in IDDM subjects with diabetic polyneuropathy, thus demonstrating that metabolic control provided by a self-regulated source of insulin not only halts but also ameliorates nerve function, even if polyneuropathy is advanced. [Diabetologia (1997) 40: 1110–1112]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Movement disorders ; Botulinum toxin ; Treatment ; dystonia ; spasticity ; tremor ; cramps
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Dalla sua introduzione nei primi anni '80, l'uso della tossina botulina ha prodotto un sensibile miglioramento della qualità della vita dei pazienti affetti da disordini del movimento. La sua azione bloccante la trasmissione neuromuscolare ha consentito il trattamento sintomatico di quelle condizioni cliniche caratterizzate da eccessiva attività muscolare. Nonostante la relativa sicurezza dei dosaggi impiegati e l'assenza di effetti collaterali irreversibili l'adeguato uso della tossina botulinica nei disordini del movimento dipende da conoscenze specifiche di farmacologia clinica e di anatomia normale funzionale dei distretti da infiltrare. Inoltre, per il trattamento di patologie più rare o complesse, come ad esempio la disfonia spasmodica, si rendono necessari un approccio interdisciplinare e speciali tecniche di somministrazione. In questo articolo vengono presentate le principali indicazioni alla terapia con tossina botulinica dei disordini del movimento redatte dal Gruppo di Studio per i Disordini del Movimento della S. I. N. Sono inoltre esposti i principali tipi di tossina disponibili sul mercato italiano, le modalità di uso e somministrazione nonché le nozioni di addestramento per il personale medico che intenda attuare tali terapie.
    Notes: Abstract Since its introduction in the early '80s the use of botulinum toxin has improved the quality of life of the patients affected by movement disorders. Toxin's neuromuscular blocking action allows a symptomatic treatment of those clinical conditions characterised by excessive muscular activity. Although the dosages used are safe and the side-effects are reversible, a correct use of botulinum toxin depends on the knowledge of its clinical pharmacology and of the anatomy of the body segments to be injected. In addition, the treatment of more complex conditions, i.e. laringeal dystonia, imposes an inter-disciplinary approach and specialised injection techniques. In this review, the Italian Study Group on Movement Disorders presents the consensus guidelines for the therapeutic use of botulinum toxin in movement disorders. The main toxin types, their use and administration modalities, and the training guidelines will be presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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