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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and Immunohistochemical Considerations on the Basal Ganglia in Pigeon (Columba livia) (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 27 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Morphological and immunohistochemical studies carried out particularly around the level of the basal ganglia (BG) in birds, are reported and commented on.Our results showed, on paraffin embedded avian BG, both the histological features and the immunohistochemical findings on immunofluorescence distribution of some neuropeptides (especially Metenkephalin) in the striatal complex. By comparing our results of Metenkephalin immunoreactivity (Menkir) with the referred analogous ones of Substance P (SP) quoted in literature, we confirmed the strikingly similar labelling at the levels of the Lobus paraolfactorius (LPO) and Paleostriatum augmentatum (PA), in contrast with the very low immunoreactivity at the Paleostriatum primitivum (PP) levels. We were able also to demonstrate the strong MEnk-ir of the neurons of the Nucleus accumbens, Nucleus septalis and paraventricularis. All these findings are also in accord to the interpretation by many AA (Wynne and Gunturkun. 1995; Reinez et al., 1983). about the anatomical correspondence between the LPO-PA complex of birds and the caudate-putamen in mammals. Some MEnk +‘wooly like fibres’ described in our specimens in the PA (on the contrary reported in the Gpe segment of mammals) apparently escape these correspondence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.1998.tb00176.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fahr's syndrome: local inflammatory factors in the pathogenesis of calcification (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 233 (1986), S. 19-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Fahr's syndrome ; Basal ganglia calcification ; Calcium metabolism ; Meningoencephalitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three cases of Fahr's syndrome are described. All patients had disturbances of calcium metabolism and had had a meningoencephalitis in childhood. It is suggested that gliovascular changes, induced by cerebral inflammation, can later facilitate the occurrence of calcification of the striopallidodentate system when abnormality of calcium metabolism develops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313985
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal osteoclastoma: an exceptional lesion in infancy (1998)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 14 (1998), S. 213-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Key words Giant cell tumour ; Immunohistochemistry ; MRI ; Osteoclastoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Osteoclastoma is a rare skeletal lesion, characterized by large multinucleated giant osteoclastic cells; this lesion usually affects young adults with a prevalence of 1 case/1 million population. We report the case of a 9-year-old girl with a right temporal tumescence: X-ray, CT and MRI revealed the presence of a right temporal hyperostotic ring-like area over the lambdoid suture, with irregular margins and calcareous deposits. The tumour was expanding mainly toward the endocranium involving both cranial tables and diploë, without infiltrating the brain parenchyma. The child underwent complete microsurgical removal of the lesion. Histopathological findings revealed the giant cell tumour osteoclastoma. Correct modern preoperative neuroimaging workup, coupled with microneurosurgical technique, allowed successful lesion removal with good outcome. A review of the more recent literature and of mechanisms of pathology together with neuroradiological protocol and results of treatment are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003810050214
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xanthomatous posterior pyramid meningioma in a 2-year-old girl (1997)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 13 (1997), S. 406-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Key words Childhood ; Posterior cranial fossa tumour ; Xanthomatous meningioma ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Meningiomas are common lesions in adults but unusual in infancy and meningiomas located in the posterior cranial fossa are even more rare. Metaplastic changes of meningothelial meningiomas can lead to the rarely observed xanthomatous form. We describe the case of a posterior pyramid xanthomatous meningioma in a 2-year-old girl. After detailed neuroradiological evaluation, the histological diagnosis was confirmed with the aid of immunohistochemical evaluation. A critical case evaluation in the light of the more recent literature, the surgical strategy and technique, and an immunohistological hypothesis are reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003810050109
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amyotrophic choreoacanthocytosis: Is it really a very rare disease? (1986)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 7 (1986), S. 521-524 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Amiotrophy choreoacanthocytosis ; hyperkinesia ; acanthocytosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario La coreo-acantocitosi amiotrofica (ACA) è una malattia ereditaria caratterizzata da atrofia muscolare neurogena, ipercinesie (con morsicature della lingua e/o delle labbra), acantocitosi, normalità del quadro lipoproteico ed insorgenza in età adulta. In questo articolo vengono descritti otto casi appartenenti a tre famiglie. Viene messa in discussione la presunta rarità della malattia.
    Notes: Abstract Amyotrophic choreoacanthocytosis (ACA) is a hereditary disease characterized by adult onset, hyperkinesias (with tongue and/or lip biting), neurogenic muscular atrophies, acanthocytosis and normal blood lipoprotein pattern. In this paper we cite 8 patients belonging to three families, describing 6 patients of two of the families. We query the supposed rarity of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02342031
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Refsum disease. Clinical and morphological report on a case (1982)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 3 (1982), S. 241-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Refsum disease ; phytanic acid ; chronic polyneuropathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Viene descritto un caso atipico di malattia di Refsum. Esso dimostra, ed in ciò è l'interesse della sua descrizione, che la ricerca dell'acido fitanico è una delle indagini da non omettere in presenza di ogni quadro di polineuropatia cronica dall'incerto inquadramento nosografico.
    Notes: Abstract An atypical case of Refsum disease is reported together with the peripheral nerve morphological data. The body fluids must be assayed for phytanic acid whenever an atypical chronic peripheral neuropathy is observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02043317
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complex partial status epilepticus simulating an ischemic insult: Case report (1991)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 12 (1991), S. 207-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Complex partial status epilepticus ; cerebrovascular insult ; clinical and EEG findings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Viene descritto il caso di una paziente affetta da stato di male parziale complesso, i cui rilievi clinici all'ingresso simulavano un evento cerebrovascolare. La paziente si presentava in stato confusionale, incapace di reagire agli stimoli esterni. L'EEG rivelava un'attività parossistica emisferica sinistra, prevalente sulle derivazioni temporooccipitali, tendente a diffondere controlateralmente. La terapia con diazepam per via endovenosa portava alla risoluzione del quadro clinico-EEGrafico entro 24 ore, persistendo soltanto un'attività lenta sulle derivazioni temporali di sinistra. Uno stato di male parziale complesso deve essere sospettato ogni qualvolta ci si trova di fronte ad una compromissione della coscienza di lunga durata. Solo una accurata indagine EEGrafica può permettere di formulare una corretta diagnosi nei casi dubbi.
    Notes: Abstract A patient presenting complex partial status epilepticus (CPSE) had a clinical history and neurological picture on admission that mimicked a cerebrovascular insult. On admission she was confused and totally unresponsive to verbal stimuli. EEG showed high voltage paroxysmal activity on the left hemisphere, prominent on the temporoccipital leads and tending to spread to the opposite regions. Intravenous diazepam led to resolution of the clinical and EEG picture within 24 hours, only a medium voltage slow wave focus being present on the left temporal regions. CPSE should be considered whenever a prolonged impairment of consciousness is present. Only accurate EEG recordings permit correct diagnosis in doubtful cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02337035
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A case of Kufs disease with abnormal pallidonigral iron deposit (1985)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 6 (1985), S. 225-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Neuronal lipofuscinosis ; Kufs disease ; Hallervorden Spatz syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Descrizione clinica, neuropatologica ed ultrastrutturale di un caso di malattia di Kufs (“Forma dei nuclei della base” di Meyer). Nel caso studiato, oltre ai tipici reperti della Ceroido-lipofuscinosi neuronale, è stato rilevato un incremento della reazione per il ferro a livello pallido-nigrico. Viene discusso in particolare il significato di quest'ultimo reperto.
    Notes: Abstract The clinical, neuropathological and ultrastructural features of a case of Kufs disease (Meyer basal ganglia form) are, reported. In the present case, besides the typical lesions of Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinosis, and increased iron reaction at pallidonigral level was detected histochemically. The significance of the last finding is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02229197
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amyotrophic choreo-acanthocytosis: A neuropathological and immunocytochemical study (1993)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 14 (1993), S. 49-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Amyotrophic choreo-acanthocytosis ; degenerative disease ; neuropathology ; immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Un paziente di 47 anni, membro di una fratria affetta da Coreo-Acantocitosi Amiotrofica, è stato oggetto di studio neuropatologico, dopo alcuni anni di osservazione clinica. Oltre ai già noti reperti di microscopia ottica (perdita neuronale, gliosi astrocitaria e “status spongiosus” a livello dei nuclei della base, soprattutto del nucleo caudato), immunocitochimicamente furono evidenziati alcuni neuroni striatali MEnk+ e NPY+. A livello del midollo spinale non era riconoscibile perdita neuronale, invece si osservavano modesta demielinizzazione e iperplasia astrocitaria interfascicolare a carico dei tratti lunghi. I reperti presenti a livello del muscolo striato e del tronco nervoso periferico corrispondevano a quelli già descritti su materiale bioptico dello stesso paziente, prelevato alcuni anni prima. I diversi dati neuropatologici e immunocitochimici del caso osservato sono discussi particolarmente in riferimento alla diagnosi differenziale tra Coreo-Acantocitosi Amiotrofica e Corea di Huntington.
    Notes: Abstract A 47 year old man, one of a sibship affected by amyotrophic choreo-acanthocytosis was studied neuropathologically after some years of clinical observation. Besides the classic optical findings (neuronal loss, astrocytic gliosis and “status spongiosus” in the basal ganglia, namely in the caudate nucleus) a few MEnk+ and NPY+ neurons were observed immunocytochemically in the striatum. In the spinal cord also, while no neuronal loss was perceivable, both mild demyelination and interfibrillary astrocytic hyperplasia of the long tracts were present. On the other hand, microscopic findings of muscle and peripheral nerve showed no differences from what was previously intra-vitam appreciated in the same patient. The neuropathological and immunocytochemical findings of this case are discussed in relation to the differential diagnosis between amyotrophic choreoacanthocytosis and Huntington's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02339042
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