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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased release of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the plasma of acute severe asthmatic patients (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are likely to be relevant mediators of the extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and airway remodelling.〈section xml:id="abs1-1"〉〈title type="main"〉ObjectiveWe have compared the levels of MMPs, eotaxin and soluble interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) in the plasma of healthy subjects, atopic patients and asthmatic patients.Methods The asthmatic patients were separated into two groups, either well controlled on inhaled therapy or acute severe asthma. Patients with acute severe disease had all received systemic corticosteroids from 12 to 48 h before the blood was taken. Blood was recovered in EDTA tubes, incubated with either f MLP, PMA or vehicle for 10 min and centrifuged. MMP-9, TIMP-1, IL-2R and eotaxin levels were measured in the plasma by ELISA. Moreover, the activity of MMPs was also evaluated by zymography.Results An increased basal level of MMP-9 and IL2-R was observed in acute severe asthma. Following stimulation with f MLP and PMA there was an enhanced production of MMP-9 in the plasma of all groups of patients. However, the MMP-9 level was significantly enhanced in acute severe asthma, compared with the others. No difference was found for the TIMP-1 level between the patients. The eotaxin level in plasma was found to be significantly lower in acute severe asthmatics compared with the others groups. Zymography technique showed a significant increased activity of MMP-9 (92 kDa) but not MMP-2 (66 kDa) in the plasma of patients with acute asthma.Conclusion The increased in MMP-9 production and activity observed in the present study suggests a process of extracellular matrix degradation in acute severe asthmatic patients and proposes MMP-9 as a non-invasive systemic marker of inflammation and airway remodelling in asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2002.01219.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement of gelatinase activity during development of subepithelial fibrosis in a murine model of asthma (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Chronic asthma is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue remodelling leading to subepithelial fibrosis. Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in degradation of extracellular matrix in most chronic inflammatory diseases.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of MMPs in the development of inflammatory processes associated or not with the concomitant development of subepithelial fibrosis in an experimental model of asthma.Methods Sensitized BP2 mice were challenged with ovalbumin (OA) every 2 weeks during 8 months. Several mice were removed once a month and bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) or lung biopsies were performed.Results Lung sections stained with picrosirius and hydroxyproline measurements showed a significant collagen deposition after 16 weeks of OA challenge, demonstrating the development of subepithelial fibrosis. Pulmonary inflammation was present from the first OA challenge and was consistent throughout the 8 months of the study. Moreover, an up-regulation and activation of MMP-9 and, to a less extent, MMP-2 were observed in BAL fluid from challenged mice. The level of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 increased after 12 weeks of OA challenge vs. control mice.Conclusion This study reveals that a decrease in the activation of the MMP-9 due to the increase in TIMP-1, could contribute to excessive collagen deposition following repeated antigen challenge in sensitized mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01581.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short-term effects of management on the soil structure in a deep tilled hardened volcanic-ash soil (cangahua) in Ecuador (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of soil science 56 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In the Ecuadorian Cordillera, the hardened volcanic ashes (cangahuas) account for 15% of the cultivated area. The soil resulting from the fragmentation of these materials, generally by heavy machinery, shows an apparent stable millimetric structure. However, this new structure is highly susceptible to disintegration under rain, because it contains no organic matter and little clay, and the material itself is readily eroded in consequence.We studied the evolution of soil aggregate stability in two factorial experiments during five cultivation cycles with two kinds of soil preparation and five fertilization treatments. The aggregate stability was not influenced by either kind of soil preparation, nor by large additions of cattle manure (80 t ha−1) or green manure (10 t ha−1), nor by growing a perennial grass. The variation in the aggregate stability seemed to depend on the components inherited from the original volcanic material: in the plots with larger clay content, and with swelling clay minerals, the aggregates were less stable than those composed of isometric fine silt particles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00638.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of basement membrane formation in dermal-epidermal recombinants in vitro (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 281 (1989), S. 267-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Basement membrane ; Dermal-epidermal recombinants ; Keratinocyte culture ; Collagen ; Dermal equivalent
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two different dermal-epidermal recombinants were prepared in vitro and used to study the synthesis and formation of basement membrane. The first was obtained by culturing keratinocytes on the surface of a collagen lattice populated by fibroblasts. The second was prepared by coculture of both keratinocytes and fibroblasts in a collagen lattice. After 6 weeks of culture, the basal lamina was observed with electron microscopy only if keratinocytes were cultivated on top of the collagen lattice populated by fibroblasts. In the second model, however, type IV collagen, laminin, and pemphigoid bullosa antigen could be detected by immunofluorescence as well as synthesis of type IV collagen in the culture, but no basement membrane was observed by electron microscopy. These data demonstrate that, in vitro, basement membrane formation depends not only on the presence of the macromolecular components but also on the culture conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00431061
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A direct fluorimetric DNA assay on cell suspensions (1991)
    Springer
    Methods in cell science 13 (1991), S. 285-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0603
    Keywords: DNA ; fluorimetry ; fibroblast ; cell culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary An improved direct fluorimetric assay is described using bisbenzimidazol fluorescence at 356 nm excitation and 458 nm emission wavelengths. The turbidity of the medium was shown to have no effect on fluorescence under an absorbance of 0.2 at the excitation wavelength. The method was evaluated by comparisons with a colorimetric DNA assay and cell counting. The linearity of fluorescence was determined up to 15μg/ml of DNA. The method was very reproducible and sensitive to detect 10 ng/ml of DNA and may be used for cell suspensions containing around 5000 cells/ml or more.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02388262
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