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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena 31 (1983), S. 33-56 
    ISSN: 0368-2048
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 250 (1965), S. 251-252 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 250 (1965), S. 459-468 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. Bradykinin and kallidin injected in doses of 0.25–8 μg/kg into the abdominal aorta cause an inhibition followed by an increase of intestinal motility in cats and rabbits; eledoisin (in the same and smaller doses) elicits only an increase in intestinal motility without the primary inhibitory phase. 2. After the injection of bradykinin, kallidin and eledoisin into a small branch of a mesenteric artery a decrease of motility results in an intestinal loop not supplied from this arterial branch. The threshold doses for this inhibitory effect are 0.04 μg/kg bradykinin, 0.08 μg/kg kallidin and 0.4 μg/kg eledoisin. 3. The inhibition of the intestinal motility caused by bradykinin disappears after previous application of xylocain (10 mg/kg), hexamethonium (1.5 mg/kg), camphidonium (50 μg/kg and more) and atropine (1.5 mg/kg). 4. The complex effect of bradykinin and kallidin on the motility of the intestine in situ is probably due to a combination of a reflex intestinal inhibition and a direct excitatory effect. With regard to eledoisin the direct excitatory effect is predominant.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Bradykinin und Kallidin bewirken an Katzen und Kaninchen nach Injektion von 0,25–8 μg/kg in die Aorta eine primäre Hemmung und eine sekundäre Steigerung der Darmmotilität. Eledoisin löst bei gleicher Injektionsweise an Katzen (0,1–7 μg/kg) und Kaninchen (0,05 bis 0,8 μg/kg) in der Regel nur eine Förderung der Darmmotorik ohne primäre Hemmphase aus. 2. Nach Injektion von Bradykinin, Kallidin und Eledoisin in eine Darmarterie von Katzen und Kaninchen kommt es zu einer Hemmung der Darmmotilität in einer entfernt davon registrierten Darmschlinge. Die erforderlichen Schwellendosen betragen für Bradykinin 0,04 μg/kg, Kallidin 0,08 μg/kg und Eledoisin 0,4 μg/kg. 3. Die Bradykinin-bedingte Hemmung der Darmmotilität wird durch vorherige Gabe von Xylocain (10 mg/kg), Hexamethonium (1,5 mg/kg), Camphidonium (50 μg/kg und mehr) sowie Atropin (1,5 mg/kg) aufgehoben. 4. Die komplexe Wirkung von Bradykinin und Kallidin am Darm in situ dürfte durch das Zusammenspiel einer reflektorischen Darmhemmung und einer direkt erregenden Eigenwirkung zustande kommen. Bei Eledoisin hingegen steht die direkte Darmerregung im Vordergrund.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 251 (1965), S. 182-183 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 15 (1979), S. 241-247 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: lorcainide ; antiarrhythmic drugs ; ECG ; atrial pacing ; His bundle ; refractory periods
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The electrophysiological effects of lorcainide 1.25 or 2.5 mg/kg given iv over 2 or 4 min, were studied in 21 patients with normal and diseased impulse formation and conduction, by means of intracardiac recording and stimulation. Sinus rate and the effective atrial refractory period rose following both doses of lorcainide. The corrected sinus node recovery time rose only after lorcainide 2.5 mg/kg and then most markedly in patients with sinus node dysfunction. The P-A interval remained unchanged following the drug. The A-H interval during sinus rhythm, and the pooled A-H intervals during atrial pacing, increased slightly, and the functional and effective A-V nodal refractory period changed variably. Wenckebach periods above the bundle of His occurred at lower atrial pacing rates following both doses of lorcainide in 7 patients, at the same atrial pacing rate in 9 and at higher rates in 3. H-V intervals, pooled H-V intervals and QRS-width lengthened in all patients, most markedly in cases with a conduction delay below the His bundle, who had received lorcainide 2.5 mg/kg. Thus, lorcainide shares some electrophysiological properties with procainamide and aprindine. Higher doses should be used with caution in patients with pre-existing conduction delay below the bundle His.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 155-164 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Ro 11-1781 ; calcium transport ; paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia ; atrial pacing ; refractory period ; ECG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of Ro 11-1781, a drug that affects calcium transport, in 10 patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), was studied by intracardiac recording and stimulation. The re-entry circuit involved an accessory pathway that conducted only in the ventriculo-atrial direction in 5 patients, and was confined to the A-V node in 5 cases. Prior to administration of Ro 11-1781 tachycardia could be initiated in all patients. An intravenous bolus of 2 mg/kg during PSVT terminated the tachycardia in all cases by blockade in the A-V node. Ro 11-1781 lengthened the A-V nodal conduction time as well as the functional and effective refractory period of the A-V node. The effective refractory period of the “fast” pathway was variably changed. After Ro 11-1781 the tachycardia zone was abolished in 3 cases, reduced in 3, increased in 3 and was converted to an echo zone in 1. The ability to sustain the PSVT was lost in one subject. The heart rate during PSVT was slowed following Ro 11-1781. Ro 11-1781 appears to be useful for the termination of PSVT, but its ability to prevent PSVT varies. Beneficial effects include abolition or narrowing of the tachycardia zone, loss of the ability to sustain PSVT and a reduction in heart rate during PSVT. The widening of the tachycardia zone may be harmful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 44 (1966), S. 41-44 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. The effect of propranolol (an adrenergicβ-receptor blocking drug) and an intravenous infusion of epinephrine before and after propranolol was studied in five normal persons. Blood pressure, heart rate and some intervals of the cardiac cycle were measured. 2. After injection of propranolol a decrease of heart rate and a prolongation of the isometric contraction time was observed. 3. After blocking theβ-receptors by propranolol, an intravenous infusion of epinephrine was followed by a rise of the systolie and diastolic blood pressure, and an even more marked decrease of heart rate and prolongation of the isometric contraction time was noted. The velocity of the pulse wave was increased. 4. No change of Q-1 time and ejection time was observed. 5. The decrease of heart rate and the prolongation of the isometric contraction time after blocking theβ-receptors is suggested for the estimation of endogenous catecholamine effect.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Die Wirkung von Propranolol (eine adrenergischeβ-Receptoren blockierende Substanz) und einer intravenösen Adrenalininfusion vor und nach Propranolol wurde an fünf kreislaufgesunden Personen untersucht. Blutdruck, Herzfrequenz und Mechanokardiogramm wurden registriert. 2. Propranolol bewirkte bei allen Probanden eine Bradykardie und eine Verlängerung der Druckanstiegszeit. 3. Nach Blockade derβ-Receptoren führte Adrenalin zu einem Anstieg des systolischen und diastolischen Blutdrucks. Gleichzeitig nahm die Herzfrequenz weiter ab, die Druckanstiegszeit wurde länger und die zentrale Pulswellenlaufzeit kürzer. 4. Umformungs- und Austreibungszeit änderten sich nicht signifikant. 5. Die Frequenzabnahme und die Verlängerung der Druckanstiegszeit nachβ-Blockade wird zur Beurteilung der endogenen Katecholaminwirkung vorgeschlagen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 44 (1966), S. 764-766 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The effect of epinephrine after blocking ofβ-receptors (Propranolol) was studied on three healthy males by measurement of the blood pressure and some cardiac intervals. This was carried out before and after intravenous application of atropine. 1. After drug induced blockade of adrenergicβ-receptors epinephrine caused an increase of mean blood pressure, a decrease of heart rate and a prolongation of the isometric contraction time. 2. This bradycardia and prolongation of isometric contraction time could be prevented by atropine. 3. The shortening of the pulse wave velocity remained unchanged after atropine, the increase of mean bloodpressure was more marked. 4. It is assumed, that the effects eliminated by atropine are evoked by a reflex response through the efferent vagus nerves.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung An drei kreislaufgesunden Männern wurde die Wirkung einer Adrenalininfusion nach Ausschaltung derβ-Receptoren durch Propranolol auf Blutdruck und Mechanokardiogramm vor und nach intravenöser Gabe von Atropin geprüft. 1. Nach medikamentöser Blockade adrenergischerβ-Receptoren führt Adrenalin zu einem Anstieg des mittleren Blutdrucks einem Absinken der Herzfrequenz und einer Verlängerung der Anspannungs-und Druckanstiegszeit. 2. Die durch Adrenalin nachβ-Blockade ausgelöste Bradykardie sowie die Verlängerung von Anspannungs-und Druckanstiegszeit wird durch Atropinvorbehandlung verhindert. 3. Die Verkürzung der zentralen Pulswellenlaufzeit bleibt durch Atropin unbeeinflußt, der Blutdruckanstieg ist ausgeprägter. 4. Es wird angenommen, daß die durch Atropinvorbehandlung ausgeschalteten Effekte reflektorisch über efferente cholinerge Bahnen zustande kommen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 68 (1973), S. 239-255 
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Isolated „working” rat hearts were perfused under aerobic (oxygen tension 478±4,7 mm/Lg) or hypoxic conditions (oxygen tension 175±1.5mm/Lg) with either 5.5 mM glucose or 5.5 mM glucose+ 0.4 mM palmitate as substrates. 1. Hypoxia increased glucose uptake by 137% (p〈0,001), glycogenolysis by 30% (p〈0.1) and glycolysis leading to increased lactate production by 216% (p〈0.001). 2. Palmitate was predominanty oxidized to CO2 and incorporated in tissue lipid to a smaller extent aerobically. Hypoxia reduced palmitate uptake by 34% (p〈0.02) and CO2 production from palmitate by 73% (p〈0.001) and increassed tissue neutral lipid deposition mainly as triglycerides and phospholipids by 153% (p〈0.001). 3. Aerobically, palmitate inhibited glucose uptake (−15%, p〈0.2) and significantly reduced glycogenolysis (−35%, p〈0.05) and lactate production (−27%), p〈0.01). 4. The hypoxic stimulation of glucose uptake was descresed by 48% (p〈0.001), lactate production by 36% (p〈0.001), glycogenolysis unchanged by the presence of palmitate. 5. Cardiac performance was overall deteriorated by hypoxia no detrimental action of palmitate on hemodynamic function was observed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Isoliert „arbeitende” Rattenherzen wurden unter aeroben (Sauerstoffspannung 478±4,7 mm Hg) und hypoxischen Bedingungen (Sauerstoffspannung 175±1,5 mm Hg) mit 5,5 mM Glukose allein oder mit 5,5 mM Glukose+0,4 mM Palmitinsäure perfundiert. 1. Hypoxie steigert die Glukoseaufnahme (+137% p〈0,001), Glykogenolyse (+30% p〉0,1) und Glykolyse. Die Steigerung der Glykolyse führte zu einer Zunahme der Laktatproduktion um 216% (p〈0.001). 2. Palmitinsäure wurde unter aeroben Bedingungen überwiegend zu CO2, oxydiert, und nur in geringem Umfang in Gewebslipide eingebaut; Hypoxie hemmte die Aufnahme (−34%, p〈0,02) und Oxydation von Palmitinsäure (−73%, p〈0,001) und steigerte den Einbau von Palmitinsäure in Gewebslipide, vor allem Triglyceride und Phospholipide (+153%, p〈0,001). 3. Bei aeroben Bedingungen hemmte Palmitinsäure die Glukoseaufnahme geringfügig (−15%, p〈0,2), die Glykogenolyse (−35%, p〈0.05) und Laktatproduktion (−27%, p〈0.1) signifikant. 4. Die durch Hypoxie gesteigerte Glukoseaufnahme und Laktatproduktion wurden durch Palmitinsäure gehemmt (−48%, p〈0.001 bzw. −36%, p〈0,001) die Steigerung der Glykogenolyse blieb unbeeinflußt. 5. Die hämodynamische Funktion wurden durch Hypoxie insgesamt verschlechtert, ein nachteiliger Einfluß von Palmitinsäure wurde nicht beobachtet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 68 (1973), S. 614-618 
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Isolierte “arbeitende” Rattenherzen wurden unter aeroben und hypoxischen Bedingungen mit und ohne Insulin (100 μE/ml Perfusat) perfundiert. Hypoxie führte zu einer signifikanten Abnahme von Herzfrequenz (p〈0,01) und systolischem Aortendruck (p〈0,01); gleichzeitig war die Glukoseaufnahme (p〈0,05) und die Laktatproduktion (p〈0,001) vermehrt. Insulin steigerte die Glukoseaufnahme unter aeroben (p〈0,02) und hypoxischen Verhältnissen (p〈0,05), die Laktatproduktion wurde durch Insulin aerob (p〈0,05), nicht jedoch bei Hypoxie gesteigert. Herzfrequenz und systolischer Aortendruck blieben durch Insulin unter beiden Bedingungen unbeeinflußt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß Insulin bei Hypoxie trotz vermehrter Glukoseaufnahme die anaerobe Glykolyse (Laktatproduktion) nicht steigert und den Aortendruck und die Herzfrequenz nicht beeinflußt.
    Notes: Summary Isolated working rat hearts were perfused under aerobic and hypoxic conditions with and without insulin (100 μU/ml perfusate). Hypoxia reduced heart rate (p〈0.01) and systolic aortic pressure (p〈0.01) and increased glucose uptake (p〈0.05) and lactate production (p〈0.001). Insulin stimulated glucose uptake under aerobic (p〈0.02) and hypoxic conditions (p〈0.05), lactate production was enhanced aerobically (p〈0.05) but not under hypoxia by the presence of insulin. Heart rate and systolic aortic pressure remained unchanged by insulin in both conditions. The experiments indicate that insulin does not enhance anaerobic glycolysis despite increased glucose uptake and exerts no influence on cardiac performance in hypoxia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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