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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 250 (1965), S. 252-253 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 265 (1969), S. 287-300 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Acute and Prolonged Anaphylactic Shock ; Anaphylatoxin-Shock ; Cu-Chlorophyllin ; Liberation of Histamine ; Activity of Complement in vivo ; Akuter und protrahierter anaphylaktischer Schock ; Anaphylatoxinschock ; Cu-Chlorophyllin ; Histaminfreisetzung ; Komplementaktivität in vivo
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. In guinea pigs an acute and a prolonged anaphylactic shock is inhibited by Cu-chlorophyllin. This inhibitory effect was less prominent in a shock induced by anaphylatoxin. 2. In all three kinds of shock Cu-chlorophyllin reduced mortality and the liberation of histamine into the plasma. This protective effect was maximal 4 hours after the agent had been injected intravenously. 3. The complement-inhibiting effect of Cu-chlorophyllin is most prominent immediately following its intravenous injection. As this effect is almost completely reversed within an hour it cannot be responsible for the antianaphylactic effect observed. 4. The protective effect of Cu-chlorophyllin against death in the various kinds of shock is not correlated to the inhibition of histamine release. It is concluded that additional factors, independent of histamine participate in all three forms of shock.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 264 (1969), S. 240-241 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 22 (1966), S. 176-191 
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The time required by various antidotes to counteract cyanide poisoning has been investigated in isolated atria of rat hearts and on anaesthetised guinea pigs. Cyanide poisoning was induced in a defined and reproducible way. In the isolated organ aquocobalamine and cobalt desferrioxamine were considerably more effective than Co2-EDTA and cobalt chloride. It could be demonstrated in guinea pigs (280 experiments) that cobaltous compounds as aquocobalamine, Co2-EDTA and cobalt desferrioxamine are by far superior to traditional antidotes as sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate. In an optimal dose range there was hardly a difference in the efficiency of these complex cobaltous compounds. With regard to toxicity cobalt desferrioxamine was more favourable than Co2-EDTA. Aquocobalamine is in principle preferable to other cobaltous compounds as it is entirely untoxic. For the time being, however, it is not available in sufficient amounts.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Am isolierten HerzvorhofprÄparat der Ratte und an narkotisierten Meerschweinchen, beide in definierter Weise mit Cyanid vergiftet, wurde die Wirkungsgeschwindigkeit verschiedener Antidote verglichen. Am isolierten Organ waren die Ergebnisse mit Aquocobalamin und Kobalt-Desferrioxamin erheblich besser als mit Co2-EDTA und Kobaltchlorid. An Meerschweinchen (280 Versuche) konnte gezeigt werden, da\ die Kobaltverbindungen Aquocobalamin, Co2-EDTA und Co-Desferrioxamin den traditionellen Antidoten Natriumnitrit und Natriumthiosulfat weit überlegen sind. Untereinander unterschieden sich diese Kobaltkomplexe in optimaler Dosierung in ihrer Wirksamkeit kaum. Im Hinblick auf die ToxicitÄt konnte Co-Desferrioxamin günstiger beurteilt werden als Co2-EDTA. Aquocobalamin mu\ den anderen Kobaltverbindungen grundsÄtzlich vorgezogen werden, weil diese Substanz völlig ungiftig ist. Es steht aber bisher nicht in ausreichenden Mengen zur Verfügung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Atropine ; Cardiac output ; Cholinesterase inhibitors ; Pralidoxime compounds ; Respiration ; Peripheral vascular resistance ; Atmung ; Atropin ; Cholinesterase-Gifte ; Herzzeitvolumen ; Peripherer Gefäßwiderstand ; Pralidoxim-Verbindungen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An 53 Katzen in Chloralose-Urethan-Narkose wurde durch intravenöse Infusion von 1,2 mg/kg Paraoxon (0,02 mg/kg×min) eine Organophosphatvergiftung ausgelöst. Während der Vergiftung und nach erfolgreicher Behandlung mit esterasereaktivierenden Oximen (Pralidoxim, Obidoxim) und Atropin wurden Blutdruck, Herzzeitvolumen, periphere Durchblutung sowie pH, pCO2 und pO2 im arteriellen Blut über einen Zeitraum von 7 Std verfolgt. Dabei ergab sich: 1. Während der Vergiftung bildete sich eine Blutdrucksenkung und Herzzeit-volumenabnahme aus, die durch Methylatropin, das nur die peripheren muscarinartigen Vergiftungserscheinungen zu antagonisieren vermag, auch bei künstlicher Atmung nicht beseitigt werden konnte. 2. Nach intravenöser Zufuhr von Pralidoxim (30,0 mg/kg) oder Obidoxim (15,0 mg/kg) i. v. verschwanden innerhalb weniger Minuten alle peripheren Vergiftungssymptome. 3. Bei allen behandelten Tieren bildete sich innerhalb von 30–60 min eine anhaltende Erhöhung des peripheren Gefäßwiderstandes aus, der auch durch hohe Dosen von Atropin (bis 5,0 mg/kg) nicht zu beseitigen war. 4. Nach alleiniger Behandlung der Paraoxonvergiftung mit Pralidoxim kam es zu einer zentralen Atmungsstimulation, die zur respiratorischen Alkalose führte. Diese Auswirkung der Hirn-AChE-Vergiftung konnte durch Atropin beseitigt werden. Nach Behandlung der Paraoxonvergiftung mit Obidoxim wurde eine derartige Atmungsstimulation nicht beobachtet. Aus den experimentellen Befunden ergeben sich einige Anhaltspunkte für mögliche Spätkomplikationen bei erfolgreicher Behandlung von Organophosphat-vergiftungen mit esterasereaktivierenden Oximen und Atropin.
    Notes: Summary Organophosphate poisoning was induced in 53 cats under urethanechloralose anesthesia by intravenous infusion of 1.2 mg/kg (0.02 mg/kg/min) paraoxone. Arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, peripheral blood flow, as well as arterial pH, pO2 and pCO2 were monitored over a period of seven hours during the intoxication and successful treatment with cholinesterase reactivating oximes (pralidoxime and obidoxime). The results are summarized as follows: 1. There was a fall in blood pressure and cardiac output with the progress of intoxication which was not alleviated by either methylatropine (capable of antagonizing only peripheral muscarine-like intoxication signs and symptoms) or by mechanical support of respiration. 2. The peripheral signs of intoxication disappeared within minutes upon intravenous injection of pralidoxime (30.0 mg/kg) or obidoxime (15.0 mg/kg). 3. There was a persistant elevation of peripheral vascular resistance in all animals treated which developed within 30–60 minutes and could not be influenced by high doses of atropine (up to 5.0 mg/kg). 4. Following the treatment of paraoxone poisoning with pralidoxime alone, there resulted a central respiratory stimulation which led to actual respiratory alkalosis. This effect of inhibition of the acetylcholine esterase in the brain could be abolished by atropine. When the paraoxone intoxication was treated with obidoxime alone, no comparable stimulation of respiration was observed. The results of these experiments point to some possible late complications by the successful treatment of organophosphate poisoning with cholinesterase reactivating oximes and atropine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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