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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of leaf surface wetness and wettability on photosynthesis in bean and pea (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Leaf surface wetness that occurs frequently in natural environments has a significant impact on leaf photosynthesis. However, the physiological mechanisms for the photosynthetic responses to wetness are not well understood. The responses of leaf CO2 assimilation rate (A) to 72 h of artificial mist of a wettable (bean; Phaseolus vulgaris) and a non-wettable species (pea; Pisum sativum) were compared. Stomatal and non-stomatal limitations to A were investigated. A 28% inhibition of A was observed in the bean leaves as a result of a 16% decrease in stomatal conductance and a 55% reduction in the amount of Rubisco. The decrease of Rubisco was mainly due to its partial degradation. In contrast to the bean leaves, a 22% stimulation of A was obtained in the 72 h mist-treated pea leaves. Mist treatment increased stomatal conductance by 12.5% and had no effect on the amount of Rubisco. These results indicated that a positive photosynthetic response to wetness occurred only in non-wettable species and is due to the change in stomatal regulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2004.01154.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of growth irradiance on leaf anatomy and photosynthesis in Acer species differing in light demand (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 25 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Variation in light demand is a major factor in determining the growth and survival of trees in a forest. There is strong relation between the light-demand and the effect of growth irradiance on leaf morphology and photosynthesis in three Acer species: A. rufinerve (light-demanding), A. mono (intermediate) and A. palmatum (shade-tolerant). The increase in mesophyll thickness and surface area of chloroplasts facing the intercellular airspaces (Sc) with growth irradiance was highest in A. rufinerve. Although the increase in light-saturated photosynthesis (Amax) was similar among the species, the increase in water use efficiency (WUE) was much higher in A. rufinerve than that in the other species, indicating that the response to water limitation plays an important role in leaf photosynthetic acclimation to high light in A. rufinerve. The low CO2 partial pressure at the carboxylation site (Cc) in A. rufinerve (130 µmol mol−1) at high irradiance was caused by low stomatal and internal conductance to CO2 diffusion, which minimized the increase in Amax in A. rufinerve despite its high Rubisco content. Under shade conditions, interspecific differences in leaf features were relatively small. Thus, difference in light demand related to leaf acclimation to high light rather than that to low light in the Acer species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00881.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CO2 transfer conductance, leaf structure and carbon isotope composition of Polygonum cuspidatum leaves from low and high altitudes (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 24 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Anatomy and some physiological characteristics of the leaves in Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc., a dioecious clonal herb, were compared between two populations, one from a lowland in Shizuoka City (10 m above sea level), and another from a highland on Mt. Fuji (2500 m above sea level). Leaf mass per area (LMA) of the highland plants was about twice that of the lowland plants. The greater leaf thickness, thicker mesophyll cell walls and higher mesophyll cell density in the highland leaves contributed to the larger LMA. Although mesophyll area exposed to intercellular airspaces was greater in the highland leaves than in the lowland leaves by 30%, the surface area of chloroplasts facing intercellular airspaces was similar between these leaves. CO2 transfer conductance inside the leaf (gi) of the highland leaves (0·75 μmol m−2 s−1 Pa−1) is the lowest recorded for herbaceous plants and was only 40% of that in the lowland leaves. On the other hand, the difference in stomatal conductance was small. δ13C values in the leaf dry matter were greater in the highland leaves by 4‰. These data and the estimation of CO2 partial pressures in the intercellular air spaces and in the chloroplast suggested that the greater dry matter δ13C in the highland leaves, indicative of lower long-term ratio of the chloroplast stroma to the ambient CO2 partial pressures, would be mainly attributed to their lower gi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2001.00696.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variations in leaf β13C along a vertical profile of irradiance in a temperate Japanese forest (1997)
    Springer
    Oecologia 110 (1997), S. 253-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Carbon isotope discrimination  ;  Deciduous forest  ;  Light levels  ;  Intercellular CO2  ;  Zea mays
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The vertical profile of stable carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) of leaves was analyzed for 13 tree species in a cool-temperate deciduous forest in Japan. The vertical distribution of long-term averaged δ13C in atmospheric CO2 (δa) was estimated from δ13C of dry matter from NADP-malic enzyme type C4 plant (Zea mays L. var. saccharata Sturt.) grown at a tower in the forest for 32␣days, assuming constant Δ value (3.3‰) in Z. mays against height. The δa value obtained from δ13C in Z.␣mays was lowest at the forest floor (−9.30 ± 0.03‰), increased with height, and was almost constant above 10␣m (−7.14 ± 0.14‰). Then leaf Δ values for the tree species were calculated from tree leaf δ13 C andδa. Mean leaf Δ values for the three tall deciduous species (Fraxinus mandshurica, Ulmus davidiana, and Alnus hirsuta) were significantly different among three height levels in the forest: 23.1 ± 0.7‰ at the forest floor (understory), 21.4 ± 0.5‰ in lower canopy, and 20.5 ± 0.3‰ in upper canopy. The true difference in tree leaf Δ among the forest height levels might be even greater, because Δ in Z. mays probably increased with shading by up to ∼‰. The difference in tree leaf Δ among the forest height levels would be mainly due to decreasing intercellular CO2 (C i) with the increase in irradiance. Potential assimilation rate for the three tree species probably increased with height, since leaf nitrogen content on an area basis for these species also increased with height. However, the increase in stomatal conductance for these tree species would fail to meet the increase in potential assimilation rate, which might lead to increasing the degree of stomatal limitation in photosynthesis with height.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050158
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