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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Synthesis of Nanoscale Metal Oxide Particles Using Laser Vaporization/Condensation in a Diffusion Cloud Chamber (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 98 (1994), S. 3067-3070 
    Details
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100063a001
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Peri-Arterial Innervation within the Neurohypophysis (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 689 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb55589.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fibrinolyse intraventrikulärer Hämatome mit rt-PA (1999)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 123-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Schlagwort(e): Schlüsselwörter Intrazerebrale Blutung ; Intraventrikuläre Blutung ; Fibrinolyse ; rt-PA ; Externe Ventrikeldrainage ; Key words Intraventricular hemorrhage ; Tissue plasminogen activator ; Ventricular drainage ; Intracerebral hemorrhage
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Intraventricular adminstration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is an experimental therapy to hasten the lysis of intraventricular hemorrhages. We report nine patients (7 male, 2 female, mean age 64a) with intracerebral hematoma with ventricular extension who were treated with intraventricular infusion of rt-PA (2–32 mg, mean dose 17 mg). In two patients, clinically significant bleeding complications were associated with the fibrinolytic therapy. In one of these patients, fibrinolytic therapy was stopped. Other complications could not be observed. In eight of all nine patients, a rapid and extensive reduction of the amount of intraventricular blood occurred. A persistent shunt became necessary in two patients. We conclude, that intraventricular fibrinolysis probably leads to a faster clearance of intraventricular blood. Despite of fibrinolytic treatment, a permanent shunt becomes necessary in some cases. Intraventricular fibrinolysis is a potentially hazardous therapy with the risks of bleeding complications and infection.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Die intraventrikuläre Fibrinolyse ist eine experimentelle Therapie intraventrikulärer Hämatome zur schnelleren Clearance intraventrikulären Blutes. Wesentliche Komplikationen wurden bisher nicht beobachtet. Wir berichten über 9 Patienten (7 Männer, 2 Frauen, mittleres Alter 64 J.) mit intrazerebralen Hämatomen mit Ventrikeleinbruch, die wir mit intraventrikulärer Infusion mit rt-PA (2–32 mg, mittlere Dosis 17 mg) behandelten. Bei 2 Patienten kam es zu einer mit der Fibrinolyse assoziierten klinisch signifikanten Zunahme des intraventrikulären Blutes; bei einer Patientin wurde die Fibrinolyse deswegen abgebrochen. Andere Komplikationen wurden nicht beobachtet. Bei 8 der 9 Patienten kam es während der Fibrinolyse zu einer raschen und weitgehenden Reduktion des intraventrikulären Blutvolumens. Ein permanenter Shunt wurde bei 2 Patienten notwendig. Wir schließen, daß die intraventrikuläre Lyse wahrscheinlich zu einer schnelleren Clearance des intraventrikulären Blutes führt. Eine Shuntanlage wird nicht in jedem Fall verhindert. Die intraventrikuläre Fibrinolyse ist eine potentiell gefährliche Therapie mit dem Risiko von Infektionen und Blutungen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050412
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Estimation of the Prevalence of Low Bone Density in Canadian Women and Men Using a Population-Specific DXA Reference Standard: The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) (2000)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 11 (2000), S. 897-904 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Schlagwort(e): Key words:BMD – Men – Osteopenia – Osteoporosis – Prevalence – Women
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) is a prospective cohort study which will measure the incidence and prevalence of osteoporosis and fractures, and the effect of putative risk factors, in a random sample of 10 061 women and men aged ≥25 years recruited in approximately equal numbers in nine centers across Canada. In this paper we report the results of studies to establish peak bone mass (PBM) which would be appropriate reference data for use in Canada. These reference data are used to estimate the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in Canadian women and men aged ≥50 years. Participants were recruited via randomly selected household telephone listings. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry using Hologic QDR 1000 or 2000 or Lunar DPX densitometers. BMD results for lumbar spine and femoral neck were converted to a Hologic base. BMD of the lumbar spine in 578 women and 467 men was constant to age 39 years giving a PBM of 1.042 ± 0.121 g/cm2 for women and 1.058 ± 0.127 g/cm2 for men. BMD at the femoral neck declined from age 29 years. The mean femoral neck BMD between 25 and 29 years was taken as PBM and was found to be 0.857 ± 0.125 g/cm2 for women and 0.910 ± 0.125 g/cm2 for men. Prevalence of osteoporosis, as defined by WHO criteria, in Canadian women aged ≥50 years was 12.1% at the lumbar spine and 7.9% at the femoral neck with a combined prevalence of 15.8%. In men it was 2.9% at the lumbar spine and 4.8% at the femoral neck with a combined prevalence of 6.6%.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001980070050
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Multinational, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Trial of the Effects of Alendronate on Bone Density and Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Women with Low Bone Mass: Results of the FOSIT Study (1999)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 9 (1999), S. 461-468 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Schlagwort(e): Key words:Alendronate – bisphosphonate – Bone mineral density – Fractures – Postmenopausal osteoporosisRID=""ID="" 〈E5〉Correspondence and offprint requests to:〈/E5〉 Huibert A. P. Pols, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine III, Erasmus University Medical School, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Tel: +31 10 4635956. Fax: +31 10 4633268. e-mail: pols@epib.fgg.eur.nl.RID=""ID=""Fosamax〈SUP〉®〈/SUP〉 is a registered trademark of Merck & Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: This randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the safety, tolerability and effects on bone mineral density (BMD) of alendronate in a large, multinational population of postmenopausal women with low bone mass. At 153 centers in 34 countries, 1908 otherwise healthy, postmenopausal women with lumbar spine BMD 2 standard deviations or more below the premenopausal adult mean were randomly assigned to receive oral alendronate 10 mg (n = 950) or placebo (n = 958) once daily for 1 year. All patients received 500 mg elemental calcium daily. Baseline characteristics of patients in the two treatment groups were similar. At 12 months, mean increases in BMD were significantly (p≤0.001) greater in the alendronate than the placebo group by 4.9% (95% confidence interval 4.6% to 5.2%) at the lumbar spine, 2.4% (2.0% to 2.8%) at the femoral neck, 3.6% (3.2% to 4.1%) at the trochanter and 3.0% (2.6% to 3.4%) for the total hip. The incidence of nonvertebral fractures was significantly lower in the alendronate than the placebo group (19 vs 37 patients with fractures), representing a 47% risk reduction for nonvertebral fracture for alendronate-treated patients (95% confidence interval 10% to 70%; p= 0.021). Incidences of adverse events, including upper gastrointestinal adverse events, were similar in the two groups. Therefore, for postmenopausal women with low bone mass, alendronate is well tolerated and produces significant, progressive increases in BMD at the lumbar spine and hip in addition to significant reduction in the risk of nonvertebral fracture.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00004171
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Predicting Subsequent Bone Density Response to Intermittent Cyclical Therapy with Etidronate from Initial Density Response in Patients with Osteoporosis (2000)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 11 (2000), S. 607-614 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Schlagwort(e): Key words:Bone mineral density – Etidronate – Osteoporosis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: We investigated whether an increase in lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS BMD) at 6 months or at 12 months could predict the response to intermittent cyclical therapy (ICT) with etidronate, defined in one of two ways: (i) an increase in LS BMD at 24 months (improvement) or (ii) an increase in LS BMD ≥0.028 g/cm2 (significant improvement). The latter is a precision term calculated from test–retest values for LS BMD in osteoporotic patients. Two hundred and forty-seven patients (32 men; 5 premenopausal and 210 postmenopausal women) were followed for 24 months by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and were not taking estrogen, calcitonin or fluoride during treatment with ICT-etidronate. One hundred and fifty patients had a LS BMD measurement after 6 months of treatment with ICT-etidronate and 205 patients had one at 12 months. Baseline characteristics (mean;SD) were as follows: age, 66;11 years; years since menopause, 21;10; number of vertebral fractures at baseline, 0.87;1.26; LS BMD T-score, −2.8;1.2. After 24 months of treatment with ICT-etidronate, 81% of the patients had an improvement, and 55% had a significant improvement at the LS. Only 6% significantly lost bone (loss of 0.028 g/cm2 or more). The mean percent change from baseline in LS BMD was 5.1% (95% confidence interval 4.2% to 6.0%). The results for men and postmenopausal women were similar to those for the entire group. Accuracy and sensitivity were marginally, but not significantly, higher when response was predicted using 12 month versus 6 month LS BMD measurements. The positive predictive values of improvement at 6 or 12 months were 89% and 90% respectively for improvement at 24 months, and 66% and 68% for significant improvement at 24 months. Identification of nonresponders was less successful and similar at 6 months and 12 months. Forty percent and 39% of the patients, who had no improvement at 6 or 12 months respectively, also had no improvement at 24 months, i.e., were true negatives, while 77% and 71% had no significant improvement at 24 months. The results may reflect slow response in a small subgroup of patients rather than nonresponse; however, no response at 1 year might identify patients whose rate of response is sufficiently slow that alternative therapy is justified. These data demonstrate a good response rate to ICT-etidronate and may help reduce the need for follow-up BMD measurements in those who show an early improvement.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001980070082
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Advancing beyond pressure in ICU monitoring of the acute injured brain (1991)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 17 (1991), S. 191-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01709874
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Factors indicative of outcome in a comparative trial of acyclovir and vidarabine for biopsy-proven herpes simplex encephalitis (1987)
    Springer
    Infection 15 (1987), S. S3 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Bei 208 Patienten wurde wegen Verdachts auf Herpes simplex-Enzephalitis eine Gehirnbiopsie durchgeführt. Nach Randomisierung wurde entweder mit Vidarabin in einer Dosierung von 15 mg/kg pro Tag oder mit 30 mg/kg/Tag Aciclovir für zehn Tage behandelt. Bei 69 der biopsierten Patienten (33%) wurde die Diagnose bestätigt, von ihnen erhielten 37 Vidarabin und 32 Aciclovir. Die demographischen Charakteristika der beiden Gruppen waren mit Ausnahme des Alters vergleichbar. 18 Monate nach der Therapie waren 72% der mit Aciclovir behandelten und 46% der mit Vidarabin behandelten Patienten am Leben (p=0,008). Nach Ausgleich der Altersunterschiede in den beiden Patientengruppen mittels Multivarianten-Regressionsanalyse blieb Aciclovir gegenüber Vidarabin immer noch therapeutisch überlegen (p=0,041). Je nach Grad der Bewußtseinsstörung zu Beginn der Therapie war die Sterblichkeit unterschiedlich hoch. Die Letalität nahm von Lethargie zu Semikoma und Koma von 42% auf 46% und 67% bei mit Vidarabin und von 0% auf 25% und 25% bei mit Aciclovir behandelten Patienten zu. Nachuntersuchungen bezüglich Restschäden sechs Monate nach Therapie ergaben bei fünf mit Vidarabin (14%) und 12 mit Aciclovir (38%) behandelten Patienten eine vollkommene Wiederherstellung und bei acht (22%) bzw. drei (9%) eine mäßiggradige zerebrale Funktionseinschränkung. Die Unterschiede der Therapieergebnisse erwiesen sich bei Anwendung eines angepaßten Punktesystems als signifikant mit p=0,02 (Zwei-Proben-Test nach Wilcoxon). Bei einer Punktezahl von mehr als 10 im Glasgow Koma-Schema war das Ergebnis nach Aciclovir-Behandlung am günstigsten. Bei bewußtseinsgestörten Patienten mit erhaltenen Reflexen und Augenreaktionen auf Schmerzreiz traten keine Todesfälle auf, 50% der Patienten wurden völlig wiederhergestellt. Aufgrund dieser Daten ist Aciclovir als Therapie der Wahl bei bioptisch gesicherter Herpes simplex-Enzephalitis anzusehen.
    Notizen: Summary A total of 208 patients underwent brain biopsy for presumptive herpes simplex encephalitis and were randomized to receive either vidarabine, vira-A, at 15 mg/kg/day, or acyclovir, at 30 mg/kg/day for ten days. 69 patients (33%) had biopsy-proven disease; 37 received vira-A and 32 acyclovir. With the exception of age, patient populations were balanced for demographic characteristics. Overall survival for acyclovir recipients was 72% compared with 46% for vira-A-treated patients 18 months after therapy (p=0.008). After adjustment for differences of age between treatment populations by multivariant regression analyses, acyclovir treatment remained superior to vidarabine therapy (p=0.041). Mortality varied according to the level of consciousness at the onset of therapy. For lethargic, semicomatose and comatose patients, mortality was 42%, 46%, and 67%, respectively, for the vira-A-treated patients and 0%, 25% and 25%, respectively, for acyclovir-treated patients. Six months post-therapy morbidity assessments revealed five (14%) vira-A versus 12 (38%) acyclovir recipients who had returned to normal function, while eight (22%) and three (9%), respectively, had moderate debility. Outcome differences were significant (p=0.02; Wilcoxon, 2-sample test) using an adapted scoring system. Age and Glasgow coma scale 〉 10 predicted the best outcome following acyclovir treatment. Disoriented patients who flex and respond by eye to pain had no mortality and 50% returned to normal. These data indicate that acyclovir is the treatment of choice for biopsy-proven herpes simplex encephalitis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01650104
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