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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Case of leiomyosarcoma of the renal pelvis (2004)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    International journal of urology 11 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A 54-year-old man presented at the Mibayashi clinic with bowel discomfort. Ultrasonography showed a left renal mass and the patient was referred to Noto General Hospital for urological evaluation. Results of the physical examination were unremarkable, but computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a large tumor in the middle of the left kidney. The patient underwent left nephrectomy. On hemisection of the kidney, a firm tumor, measuring 8 × 7.5 cm, was seen occupying the renal pelvis. The histological diagnosis was leiomyosarcoma arising from the right renal pelvis. No treatment was provided after surgery and no recurrence was observed 6 months postoperatively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.2004.00747.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Phylogenetic Position of the Pelobiont Mastigamoeba balamuthi Based on Sequences of rDNA and Translation Elongation Factors EF-1α and EF-2 (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 49 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . The taxonomic position and phylogenetic relationships of the Pelobionta, an amitochondriate amoeboflagellate group, are not yet completely settled. To provide more information, we obtained sequences for the large subunit rDNA gene, the gene for translation elongation factor la, and for a large part of the gene encoding translation elongation factor 2 from a representative of this group. Mastigamoeba balamuthi (formerly Phreatamoeba balamuthi). The gene for the large subunit rDNA was unusually large compared to those of other protists, a phenomenon that had previously been observed for the gene encoding the small subunit rDNA. Phylogenetic reconstruction using a maximum likelihood method was performed with these sequences, as well as the gene encoding the small subunit rDNA. When evaluated individually, the M. balamuthi genes for the small and large subunit rDNAs and elongation factor 1α had a most recent common ancestor with either the Mycetozoa (slime molds) or with Entamoeba histolytica. A clade formed by M. balamuthi, E. histolytica, and Mycetozoa was not rejected statistically for any of the sequences. A combined maximum likelihood analysis using 3,935 positions from all molecules suggested that these three taxonomic units form a robust clade. We were unable to resolve the closest group to this clade using the combined analysis. These findings support the notion, which had previously been proposed primarily on cytological evidence, that both M. balamuthi and E. histolytica are closely related to the Mycetozoa and that these three together represent a major eukaryotic lineage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.2002.tb00332.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic Position of Blastocystis hominis and of Stramenopiles Inferred from Multiple Molecular Sequence Data (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 49 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . Blastocystis hominis, a parasite of the human intestine, has recently been positioned within Stramenopiles by the small subunit rRNA phylogeny. To further confirm its phylogenetic position using multiple molecular sequence data, we determined the nucleotide sequences putatively encoding small subunit ribosomal RNA, cytosolic-type 70-kDa heat shock protein, translation elongation factor 2, and the non-catalytic ‘B’ subunit of vacuolar ATPase of B. hominis (HE87–1 strain). Moreover, we determined the translation elongation factor 2 sequence of an apicomplexan parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, that belongs to alveolates. The maximum likelihood analyses of small subunit rRNA and cytosolic-type 70-kDa heat shock protein clearly demonstrated that B. hominis (HE87–1 strain) is positioned within Stramenopiles, being congruent with the previous small subunit rRNA analysis, including the sequences of B. hominis (Nand strain) and a Blastocystis isolate from guinea pig. Although no clear resolution among major eukaryotic groups was obtained by the individual phytogenies based on the four molecules analyzed here, a combined analysis of various molecules, including these, clearly indicated that Blatocystis/stramenopiles are the closest relatives of alveolates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.2002.tb00339.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternative Oxidase (AOX) Genes of African Trypanosomes: Phylogeny and Evolution of AOX and Plastid Terminal Oxidase Families (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 52 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. To clarify evolution and phylogenetic relationships of trypanosome alternative oxidase (AOX) molecules, AOX genes (cDNAs) of the African trypanosomes, Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma evansi, were cloned by PCR. Both AOXs possess conserved consensus motifs (-E-, -EXXH-). The putative amino acid sequence of the AOX of T. evansi was exactly the same as that of T. brucei. A protein phylogeny of trypanosome AOXs revealed that three genetically and pathogenically distinct strains of T. congolense are closely related to each other. When all known AOX sequences collected from current databases were analyzed, the common ancestor of these three Trypanosoma species shared a sister-group position to T. brucei/T. evansi. Monophyly of Trypanosoma spp. was clearly supported (100% bootstrap value) with Trypanosoma vivax placed at the most basal position of the Trypanosoma clade. Monophyly of other eukaryotic lineages, terrestrial plants + red algae, Metazoa, diatoms, Alveolata, oomycetes, green algae, and Fungi, was reconstructed in the best AOX tree obtained from maximum likelihood analysis, although some of these clades were not strongly supported. The terrestrial plants + red algae clade showed the closest affinity with an α-proteobacterium, Novosphingobium aromaticivorans, and the common ancestor of these lineages, was separated from other eukaryotes. Although the root of the AOX subtree was not clearly determined, subsequent phylogenetic analysis of the composite tree for AOX and plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX) demonstrated that PTOX and related cyanobacterial sequences are of a monophyletic origin and their common ancestor is linked to AOX sequences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.2005.00050.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complications Associated with Enteral Nutrition Using Catheter Jejunostomy After Esophagectomy (1999)
    Springer
    Surgery today 29 (1999), S. 214-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: Key Words: catheter jejunostomy ; complication ; enteral nutrition ; esophagectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005950050391
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complications associated with enteral nutrition using catheter jejunostomy after esophagectomy (1999)
    Springer
    Surgery today 29 (1999), S. 214-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: catheter jejunostomy ; complication ; enteral nutrition ; esophagectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present study was conducted on 78 patients, encountered over a 7-year period, who had a catheter-feeding jejunostomy placed at the time of thoracoabdominal esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. A broad-based attachment of the jejunal wall to the peritoneum at the place of entry of the catheter was used. Enteral nutrition was begun an average of 10 days after the operation, the caloric content was increased gradually, and the mean duration was 69 days. There were three patients who suffered from local skin erosion at the site of catheter entry, and seven who developed diarrhea and/or a feeling of abdominal fullness, but none of the patients showed any signs of peritonitis or ileus. The morbidity rates related to enteral nutrients and placement of the catheter jejunostomy were 8.9% and 3.8%, respectively. These findings demonstrate that a broad-based attachment of the jejunal wall to the peritoneum at the place of entry of the catheter is useful for preventing leakage or twisting of the jejunum, and for reducing the incidence and severity of the complications of catheter jejunostomy feeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02483009
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Yeast ribosomal proteins: XI. Molecular analysis of two genes encoding YL41, an extremely small and basic ribosomal protein, from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1990)
    Springer
    Current genetics 17 (1990), S. 185-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Yeast ; Ribosomal protein gene ; Sequence analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two genes encoding ribosomal protein YL41 were cloned from Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosomal DNA. Both genes contain an uniterrupted region of only 75 nucleotides coding for a protein of 3.3 kD. Within the coding regions the nucleotide sequences are virtually identical, whereas in both the 5′-and 3′-flanking regions the two genes differ significantly from each other. The deduced protein shows an arginine and lysine content of 68 percent, i.e., 17 out of 25 residues, and the basic residues are evenly distributed over the molecule. When compared to the ribosomal protein sequences currently available no counterpart to YL41 could be found in prokaryotes and it seems likely that YL41 is a eukaryotespecific ribosomal protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00312608
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic Position of the Mitochondrion-Lacking Protozoan Trichomonas tenax, Based on Amino Acid Sequences of Elongation Factors 1α and 2 (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 44 (1997), S. 98 -105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Key words:Trichomonas tenax— Elongation factor 1α— Elongation factor 2 — Mitochondrion-lacking protozoa — Protein evolution — Phylogenetic tree
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Major parts of amino-acid-coding regions of elongation factor (EF)-1α and EF-2 in Trichomonas tenax were amplified by PCR from total genomic DNA and the products were cloned into a plasmid vector, pGEM-T. The three clones from each of the products of the EF-1α and EF-2 were isolated and sequenced. The insert DNAs of the clones containing EF-1α coding regions were each 1,185 bp long with the same nucleotide sequence and contained 53.1% of G + C nucleotides. Those of the clones containing EF-2 coding regions had two different sequences; one was 2,283 bp long and the other was 2,286 bp long, and their G + C contents were 52.5 and 52.9%, respectively. The copy numbers of the EF-1α and EF-2 gene per chromosome were estimated as four and two, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequences obtained by the conceptual translation were 395 residues from EF-1α and 761 and 762 residues from the EF-2s. The sequences were aligned with the other eukaryotic and archaebacterial EF-1αs and EF-2s, respectively. The phylogenetic position of T. tenax was inferred by the maximum likelihood (ML) method using the EF-1α and EF-2 data sets. The EF-1α analysis suggested that three mitochondrion-lacking protozoa, Glugea plecoglossi, Giardia lamblia, and T. tenax, respectively, diverge in this order in the very early phase of eukaryotic evolution. The EF-2 analysis also supported the divergence of T. tenax to be immediately next to G. lamblia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00006127
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early branchings in the evolution of eukaryotes: Ancient divergence of entamoeba that lacks mitochondria revealed by protein sequence data (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 36 (1993), S. 380-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Entamoeba histolytica ; Protozoa lacking mitochondria ; Eukaryotic kingdoms ; Elongation factor-1α ; Maximum likelihood ; Protein phylogeny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Phylogenetic analyses of ribosomal RNA sequences have played an important role in the study of early evolution of life. However, Loomis and Smith suggested that the ribosomal RNA tree is sometimes misleading—especially when G+C content differs widely among lineages—and that a protein tree from amino acid sequences may be more reliable. In this study, we analyzed amino acid sequence data of elongation factor-1α by a maximum likelihood method to clarify branching orders in the early evolution of eukaryotes. Contrary to Sogin et al.'s tree of small-subunit ribosomal RNA, a protozoan species, Entamoeba histolytica, that lacks mitochondria was shown to have diverged from the line leading to eukaryotes with mitochondria before the latter separated into several kingdoms. This indicates that Entamoeba is a living relic of the earliest phase of eukaryotic evolution before the symbiosis of protomitochondria occurred. Furthermore, this suggests that, among eukaryotic kingdoms with mitochondria, Fungi is the closest relative of Animalia, and that a cellular slime mold, Dictyostelium discoideum, had not diverged from the line leading to Plantae-Fungi-Animalia before these three kingdoms separated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00182185
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The giant panda is closer to a bear, judged by α- and β-hemoglobin sequences (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 36 (1993), S. 282-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Ailuropoda melanoleuca ; Giant panda ; Carnivores ; Hemoglobin ; Maximum likelihood ; Protein phylogeny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Using α- and β-hemoglobin sequences, we made a maximum likelihood inference as to the phylogenetic relationship among carnivores, including the two pandas, giant and lesser. Molecular phylogenetic studies up to 1985 had consistently indicated that the giant panda is more closely related to the bear than to the lesser panda. In 1986, however, a contradictory tree was constructed, using hemoglobins and so on, in which the two pandas link together (Tagle et al. 1986). In contrast to that tree, our conclusion supports the close relationship between bear and giant panda. The surface impression of a close relationship between the two pandas drawn from pairwise amino acid differences is explained by a rapid rate of hemoglobin evolution in the bear compared to that in the two pandas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00160484
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