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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Updated Data on Proximal Femur Bone Mineral Levels of US Adults (1998)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 8 (1998), S. 468-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Key words:Bone mineral density – Proximal femur
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: This paper describes data on bone mineral levels in the proximal femur of US adults based on the nationally representative sample examined during both phases of the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988–94), and updates data previously presented from phase 1 only. The data were collected from 14646 men and women aged 20 years and older using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and included bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and area of bone scanned in four selected regions of interest (ROI) in the proximal femur: femur neck, trochanter, intertrochanter and total. These variables are provided separately by age and sex for non-Hispanic whites (NHW), non-Hispanic blacks (NHB) and Mexican Americans (MA). NHW in the southern United States had slightly lower BMD levels than NHW in other US regions, but these differences were not sufficiently large to prevent pooling of the data. The updated data provide valuable reference data on femur bone mineral levels of noninstitutionalized adults. The updated data on BMD for the total femur ROI of NHW have been selected as the reference database for femur standardization efforts by the International Committee on Standards in Bone Measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001980050093
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    International Variation in the Incidence of Hip Fractures: Cross-National Project on Osteoporosis for the World Health Organization Program for Research on Aging (1999)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 9 (1999), S. 242-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Key words:Hip fracture – Hospital discharge data – Incidence rates – International comparison – Osteoporosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: A cross-national study of hip fracture incidence was carried out in five geographic areas – Beijing, China; Budapest, Hungary; Hong Kong; Porto Alegre, Brazil; and Reykjavik, Iceland – during the years 1990–1992. Cases of hip fracture among women and men of age 20 years and older were identified using hospital discharge data in conjunction with medical records, operating room logs, and radiology logs. Estimated incidence rates varied widely, with Beijing reporting the lowest rates (age-adjusted rate per 100 000 population for men 20 years and older = 45.4; women = 39.6) and Reykjavik the highest rates (men = 141.3; women = 274.1). Rates were higher for women than for men in every area except Beijing. In every area except Budapest, review of the operating room or radiology logs identified additional cases that were not reported in the discharge list, increasing the estimated number of hip fractures by 11% to 62%, depending on the area. Review of medical records identified miscoding of hip fractures (ICD9 820) as ‘shaft of femur and other femur fractures’ (ICD9 821) in the discharge lists of every area except Budapest, increasing the estimated number of hip fractures by 1% to 30%. The final estimates of hip fracture incidence taking into account all investigated sources of undercount and overcount ranged from 15% lower to 89% higher than an estimate based on the discharge diagnoses alone. Although these results indicate substantial limitations in relying on hospital discharge data alone to estimate hip fracture incidence rates, the extent of errors found in the discharge lists is smaller than the large international variation found here and previously reported in incidence rates. The findings support the conclusion that the differences reported among countries mainly reflect genuine variation in the hip fracture incidence rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001980050144
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epidemiology of hip fractures in the elderly: A cross-national analysis of mortality rates for femoral neck fractures (1993)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 3 (1993), S. 16-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01621854
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proximal femur bone mineral levels of US adults (1995)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 5 (1995), S. 389-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Bone mineral density ; Proximal femur
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes bone mineral levels in the proximal femur of US adults based on a nationally representative sample of 7116 men and women aged 20 years and older. The data were collected in phase 1 of the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988–1991) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and included bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and area of bone scanned in five selected regions of interest (ROI) in the proximal femur: femur neck, trochanter, intertrochanter, Ward's triangle and total. These variables are provided separately by age and sex for non-Hispanic whites (NHW), non-Hispanic blacks (NHB) and Mexican Americans (MA). BMD and BMC in the five ROI tended to decline with age, whereas area did not. BMD and BMC were highest in NHB, intermediate in MA and lowest in NHW, but areas were highest in NHW, intermediate in NHB and lowest in MA. Men had greater BMD, BMC and area than women in all three race/ethnic groups. Differences by age, sex or race/ethnicity tended to be the largest in Ward's triangle, followed by the femur neck; patterns in the trochanter, intertrochanter and total ROI were reasonably similar to each other. This report provides extensive data on femur bone mineral levels of adults from one of the largest samples available to date and should be valuable as reference data for other studies which examine this skeletal site in adults.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01622262
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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