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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 44 (1994), S. 373-411 
    ISSN: 0163-8998
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 47 (1997), S. 395-428 
    ISSN: 0163-8998
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The length scales for QCD and for nuclear physics are about the same, both about 1 fermi, and this directly motivates a search for a QCD explanation of nuclear phenomena, beginning with the deuteron. We first review the theoretical tools and results relevant to nuclear QCD, and then discuss data for several reactions. In particular, the remarkable data on deuteron photodisintegration agree with the naive perturbative QCD predictions for their scaling behavior and disagree with predictions from traditional approaches. This may be the first distinctive signature wherein considering the quark substructure in a nucleus is crucial in explaining some phenomenon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 97 (1975), S. 4971-4973 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 85 (1971), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: SUMMARY.— The production of esterase and lipase by aerobic bacteria from normal human skin surfaces was tested by simple plate tests against natural and artificial substrates. Almost all of 42 strains of Micrococcaceae representative of each of Baird-Parker's subgroups produced strong esterases and lipases, as did most of the 82 strains of Sarcina spp., especially those most commonly present on healthy skin. Forty per cent of 50 aerobic skin diphtheroids and 20% of 58 aerobic nasal diphtheroids produced active lipases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 201 (1964), S. 824-824 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A survey of 310 clinical isolates of E. coli types I and II showed that 40 per cent possessed to varying degree a specific amidase acting at the CO : NH linkage and thereby removing the side chain of benzyl- and phenoxy-methyl-penicillin4. The root molecule of 6-aminopenicil-lanic acid (6-APA) was ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 6 (1978), S. 198-199 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 8 (1980), S. S284 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Vor 1950 gab es keine zuverlässige oder sichere Therapie für systemische und invasive Mykosen, und nur herkömmliche und empirische topische Präparate waren für Dermatomykosen verfügbar. Es folgten zwei verschiedene Phasen rascher Fortschritte in der antimykotischen Therapie: als erstes kam in den 50er Jahren die Einführung der Polyene, Nystatin und Pimaricin, für die Candidose der Haut, der Vagina und des Darmes. Die zweite Phase erlebte die erfolgreiche Einführung und klinische Anwendung von 5-Fluorzytosin und mehreren Imidazol-Derivaten etwa 20 Jahre später, zu einer Zeit, in der die große Zunahme iatrogener systemischer Mykosen durch opportunistische Pilze einen drängenden und eiligen Bedarf für neue Substanzen zusätzlich zu den noch wirksamen geschaffen hatte.
    Notes: Summary Before 1950 no reliable or safe therapy existed for systemic and invasive mycoses, and only traditional and empirical topical preparations were available for dermatomycoses. Two distinct eras of rapid progress in antifungal therapy followed; first, in the 1950's came the introduction of the polyenes, nystatin and pimaricin for cutaneous, vaginal and intestinal candidiasis, and amphotericin B for the treatment of severe systemic mycoses. The second phase saw the successful introduction and clinical use of 5-fluorocytosine and several imidazole derivatives some twenty years later, at a time when the vast increase in iatrogenic systemic mycoses caused by opportunistic fungi had created an urgent and pressing need for new agents in addition to those still effective.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 2 (1974), S. 95-107 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Durch die Zunahme von Systemmykosen, zum Teil iatrogenen Ursprungs, von opportunistisch-pathogenen Pilzen ist die Notwendigkeit wirksamer mykotischer Präparate zusehends gestiegen. Die Antimykotika 5 Fluorocytosin (5 FC), die Imidazole, Miconazol und Clotrimazol sind gründlich untersucht worden; sie weisen unterschiedliche klinische und in vitro-Eigenschaften auf. 5 FC ist nur gegen Candida-Cryptokokken und andere hefeähnliche Pilze wirksam. Die Resistenz von Wildstämmen dieser Arten ist nicht ungewöhnlich, aber auch Resistenzentwicklungen sind zu beobachten. Aspergillen und Dermatophyten sind weitgehend resistent. Die orale Anwendung von 5 FC führt zu hohen Serumspiegeln mit guter klinischer Wirkung, und eine i. v.-Applikation ist auch ohne ernsthafte Nebenerscheinungen durchführbar. Die Imidazole zeigen in vitro eine Breitspektrumwirkung bei allen obengenannten Erregern. Eine natürliche Resistenz gegenüber diesen Präparaten ist extrem selten, und eine Resistenzentwicklung nur schlecht induzierbar. Über die orale Anwendung, geringe Serumaktivität und Urinspiegel wird berichtet. Beide Präparate wurden klinisch erfolgreich bei systemischen Kandidosen und Aspergillosen angewendet, und zwar ohne ernsthafte Nebenerscheinungen bei Miconazol, erhebliche Schwierigkeiten traten aber bei der Clotrimazol-Therapie auf. Beide Drogen erwiesen sich bei lokaler Anwendung sehr wirksam, und i. v. Versuchspräparate von Miconazol stehen nun auch zur Verfügung. Gebrauch und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten werden diskutiert. Gegenwärtig scheint 5 FC bei Kandidosen und Cryptokokken das Mittel der Wahl zu sein. Clotrimazol und Miconazol sind bei Aspergillainfektionen vorzuziehen.
    Notes: Summary The need for safe systemic antifungal drugs has been emphasised by the increase in opportunistic systemic mycoses, many of which have iatrogenic origins. 5-Fluorocytosine (5 FC) and the imidazoles miconazole and clotrimazole have been extensively investigated; they have contrasting in vitro and clinical properties. 5 FC is active only against Candida, Cryptocci and other yeast-like fungi; wild strains of these species with resistance to 5 FC are not uncommon, and resistant variants emerge readily under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Aspergillus spp. and dermatophytes are relatively resistant. Oral administration of 5 FC results in high serum and tissue levels, and there are many reports of its successful clinical use without serious side effects. An intravenous preparation is available. The imidazoles have wide in vitro activity against almost all fungi of medical interest, including Candida spp., Aspergillus spp. and dermatophytes. Wild resistance to them is extremely rare and it is difficult to induce the emergence of resistant variants. Following oral administration, low active serum and urine levels are recorded. Both drugs have been used successfully to treat systemic candidoses and aspergilloses; no serious side effects are recorded following miconazole, but disturbing effects are common following systemic clotrimazole therapy. Both drugs are very successful when used topically and an experimental intravenous preparation of miconazole is now available. The use and prospects for the three drugs is discussed; it is suggested that at present 5 FC is the drug of choice for candidosis and cryptococcosis, providing careful laboratory monitoring is maintained, while clotrimazole or miconazole is preferable in the therapy of lung aspergilloses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 7 (1979), S. 154-157 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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