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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heteroepitaxy of CuInS2 on Si(111) (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 3010-3012 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial layers of CuInS2 are grown on chemically hydrogen terminated Si(111) surfaces with 4° miscut by molecular beam epitaxy. The morphological and structural properties are determined by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and texture analysis. The data show growth in the 〈112〉 direction and substantial twinning of the 75-nm-thick films. High-resolution cross-sectional micrographs of the interface indicate semicoherent epitaxial growth via an interfacial indium-rich secondary phase. The pronounced faceting of the film surface is discussed in relation to twin lamellae. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.116822
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Static analysis of off-axis crystal film growth onto a lattice-mismatched substrate (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 608-610 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The interface construction of tilt growth that is sometimes observed for epilayer growth on a lattice mismatched substrate is modeled on the basis that tilt relieves misfit strain in the epilayer. In this model off-axis misfit accommodation is assumed to be due to only tilt dislocations or tilt dislocations combined with misfit dislocations. The average interval between successive dislocations which are formed along the interface can be estimated using the lattice units of both materials and that of the epilayer in another principal axis direction; the tilt angle can also be calculated geometrically. The tilt angle predicted by this model agrees well with experimental results for several examples of mismatched epilayer growth by molecular-beam epitaxy. The model suggests a method to grow a single domain of stress-free epilayer by using a substrate cut to an angle that allows off-axis fit to the lattice unit of the epilayer. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1385801
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of UV irradiation with one minimal erythema dose on human afferent skin lymph in vivo (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Experimental dermatology 7 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of the skin induces complex local and systemic immunomodulatory reactions. The biological effects of UV irradiation on human skin derived afferent lymph however are unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a single combined UV-A and UV-B irradiation with 1 minimal erythema dose (MED) on human skin derived lymph in vivo. After cannulation of a superficial lymph vessel on the lower leg, lymph flow and cell output per hour were determined before and for 6 days after UV irradiation of the lymph draining skin area in 5 volunteers. Furthermore, expression of CDla, CD4, CD8, CD28, CD54, CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR on migrating lymph cells and cytokine levels (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, TNF-α and IFN-γ) in the afferent lymph were analyzed by cytofluorometry and ELISA. After UV irradiation a small initial enhancement in the daily lymph flow per hour was noticed in correlation with the slight erythematous skin reaction. Following resolution of the skin reaction, a delayed increase in cell output in correlation with an additional peak in the lymph flow was found between the 4th and 6th day after UV irradiation. However, no changes in the expression of CDla, CD4, CD8, CD28, CD54, CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR on migrating lymph cells were detectable. Interestingly, in parallel to the increased lymph flow and cell output, only elevated IL-8 protein levels were reproducibly detected in the afferent lymph after UV irradiation. Furthermore, using immunohistochemistry positive staining for IL-8 was found on migrating mononuclear lymph cells. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that a single UV irradiation of the skin with 1 minimal erythema dose leads to a delayed enhancement of lymph flow, number of migrating lymph cells and cytokine levels of IL-8. Moreover, we provide evidence that migrating lymph cells, besides resident epidermal and dermal cells, may contribute to the detected levels of IL-8 in the afferent lymph.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.1998.tb00336.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Successful induction of immune responses against mutant ras in melanoma patients using intradermal injection of peptides and GM-CSF as adjuvant (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 10 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The rapidly increasing incidence and mortality rate of malignant melanoma, together with the lack of efficient treatment of the late stages, makes it a serious threat to public health. Innovative new treatments are needed. The proteins of the ras-family of proto-oncogenes, functioning as relay switches for signalling pathways between cell surface and nucleus, are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and transformation. If over-expressed or mutated they can induce and/or maintain a transformed state of a cell. Codon 61 mutations of N-ras seem to be involved in melanoma development on sun exposed sites. In order to induce an immune response towards mutated N-ras proteins we performed a phase 1 feasibility study. Ten melanoma patients were immunized intradermally 6 times with N-ras peptides (residue 49–73) with 4 codon 61 mutations using GM-CSF as adjuvant. HLA typing was not used as an inclusion criterion. Eight patients responded with strong delayed type hypersensitivity reactions. In 2 of the patients an in vitro response to the vaccine could also be detected. The specificity of the reaction could be confirmed by cloning of peptide-specific CD4 positive T cells from peripheral blood of the patients. Intradermal injection of ras peptides using GM-CSF as adjuvant is simple to perform and seems to be efficient in inducing cellular immune responses. Since a majority of the patients showed positive skin reactions and 2 of the patients analysed showed a T-helper response to this melanoma specific antigen, these promiscuous HLA class II binding mutant ras peptides may be candidates for inclusion into vaccine cocktails containing various established CTL epitopes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0625.2001.010003161.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reflectance anisotropy spectroscopy of ordered Sb overlayers on GaAs(110) and InP(110)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Surface Science 307-309 (1994), S. 1045-1050 
    Details
    ISSN: 0039-6028
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(94)91537-7
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth of Sb on Si(111) studied by Raman scattering
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Surface Science 307-309 (1994), S. 1061-1065 
    Details
    ISSN: 0039-6028
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(94)91540-7
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of human skin-derived CD1a-positive lymph cells (1999)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 291 (1999), S. 65-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Key words Skin-derived lymph ; Dendritic cells ; Langerhans cells ; Dermal dendritic cells ; Lymphoid cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The phenotype and function of CD1a+ lymph cells is of considerable interest. By means of microsurgical lymph cannulation human lymph derived from normal skin was sampled. Cells were isolated and processed for immunocytochemistry, electron microscopy, flow cytometry and functional assays. The majority of the cells, (62%), were T cells. The other cells comprised CD1a+ cells (7%), monocytes/macrophages (8%), and B cells (1%); the remainder were erythrocytes or uncharacterized cells. The CD1a+ cells reacted with antibodies against protein S-100, HLA-DR, the Lag antigen, CD4, CD11a, CD11b, CD18, CD25, CD40, CD54, CD80 and CD86. Interestingly, a small prolow portion the of CD1a+ cells (about 5%) reacted with an antibody to CD14. The CD1a+ cells did not react with an antibody against human follicular dendritic cells nor were they CD19-, CD23-, E-cadherin- or factor XIIIa-positive. Both allogenic and antigen-specific T cell proliferation stimulated by antigen-presenting lymph cells were strongly inhibited by adding anti-CD80 and anti-CD86 antibodies. By electron microscopy Birbeck granules were detected in only 22% of the CD1a+ lymph cells and these cells exhibited an extensive ruffling of the surface. These findings demonstrate that CD1a+ lymph cells, which do not express the dermal dendritic cell marker factor XIIIa, resemble dendritic cells formerly designated as ‘veiled’ as well as lymphoid dendritic cells, suggesting that after migration to the regional lymphoid organs, Langerhans cells form a more differentiated population of dendritic cells specialized in sensitizing T lymphocytes. Our results add further support to the view that resident Langerhans cells may be precursors of lymphoid dendritic cells acquiring the final phenotype in the microenvironment of the lymph node.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004030050385
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