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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prospective Comparison of Temperature Guided Microwave and Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation in the Swine Heart (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Microwave energy has been proposed as an alternative to radiofrequency energy for use during catheter ablation procedures. The purpose of this study was to prospectively compare, in an animal model, the lesion size associated with temperature guided catheter ablation using either microwave or radiofrequency energy. Eleven swine underwent catheter ablation with either radiofrequency (N = 4) or microwave energy (N = 7). In each animal catheter ablation was performed at 7–15 sites. At each site energy was delivered for 60 seconds using closed loop feedback temperature control to achieve a target temperature of 70°C. Cardiac catheterization was performed before and after ablation. Animals were sacrificed approximately one month following the ablation procedure. Analysis of lesion size demonstrated that overall lesions created using radiofrequency energy were larger than those created using microwave energy. In the ventricle, lesions created using microwave energy were longer, but had a similar width and depth as those created using radiofrequency energy. An important relation was observed between tbe depth of lesions created using microwave energy and catheter stability, as evidenced by the temperature profile. Overall, lesions created using microwave energy are smaller than those created using radiofrequency energy. Catheter stability has an important impact on lesion size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1998.tb00206.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prospective Comparison of Lesions Created Using a Multipolar Microcatheter Ablation System with Those Created Using a Fullback Approach with Standard Radiofrequency Ablation in the Canine Atrium (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 23 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this study was to compare the lesions created using a multi-polar microcatheter (MICRO) ablation system in the right canine atrium to a pullback approach with a standard radiofrequency (STND RF) ablation and to determine the value of electrogram amplitude and pacing threshold in predicting transmurality of lesions. Ten dogs underwent right atrial ablation using a MICRO (6 dogs) or STND RF (4 dogs) ablation system in each animal. Attempts were made to create linear RF lesions at four predetermined atrial sites. RF energy was delivered for 60 seconds using closed-loop temperature control to achieve a target temperature of 60°C for STND RF and 50°C for MICRO. Unipolar atrial electrogram amplitude and atrial pacing threshold were obtained before and after ablation. Pathological analysis was determined at 4 weeks after ablation. Lesions created with MICRO were narrower, more likely to be continuous, and more likely to be anchored to an anatomic structure than those lesions which were created using a STND RF. No difference was observed in overall lesion length or in the proportion of lesions that were transmural over at least 50% of their length. Of lesions created using MICRO, a significant relation was observed between transmurality of lesion and unipolar electrogram amplitude as well as pacing threshold. Further studies are needed to determine if this type of ablation technique and parameters during ablation may facilitate a successful catheter-based MAZE procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.2000.tb00801.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ventricular inversion and tricuspid atresia (VITA complex): Long survival without surgical treatment (1986)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 6 (1986), S. 187-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Keywords: Ventricular inversion ; Tricuspid atresia ; Vita complex ; Transposition of the great arteries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five patients with ventricular inversion, corrected transposition of the great arteries, and atresia of the left-sided atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve have been observed. Three patients died in infancy, two had large interatrial communications, one with an early stage of arterial-type hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease, and the third patient had a very small interatrial communication and severe cyanosis. The other two patients survived into adulthood; both had small interatrial communications, and one had severe venous-type hypertensive pulmonary vascular disease. The longer survival of the two patients is attributed to a balance between resistance and blood flow in the pulmonary circulation influenced by the size of the interatrial communication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02310996
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In utero surgery rescues neurological function at birth in sheep with spina bifida (1995)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 1 (1995), S. 342-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] We hypothesize that the neurologic deficit associated with open spina bifida is not directly caused by the primary defect but rather is due to chronic mechanical and chemical trauma since the unprotected neural tissue is exposed to the intrauterine environment. We report here that exposure of the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0495-342
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  • 5
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    A Hintikka Possible Worlds Model for Certainty Levels in Medical Decision Making (1981)
    Dordrecht : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Synthese. 48:1 (1981:juli) 87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0039-7857
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Philosophy
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:7609-1981-048-01-000004
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sclerotium formation in an Aspergillus flavus wound infection (1988)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 102 (1988), S. 185-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: infectious disease ; Aspergillus ; sclerotium ; calcium oxalate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A patient studied at autopsy was found to have a post-operative wound infection with Aspergillus flavus in which there was the formation of fungal structures resembling sclerotia. The ability of Aspergillus to form sclerotia in tissue appears to be rare and is related to the strain of Aspergillus flavus. Since sclerotia are considered as structures capable of withstanding dramatic shifts in the environment, the production of these in tissue may affect the efficacy of antifungal therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00437403
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effort and demand logic in medical decision making (1980)
    Springer
    Theoretical medicine and bioethics 1 (1980), S. 277-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1200
    Keywords: Medical decision making ; Computer diagnosis ; Symbolic logic ; Modal logic ; Sutton's Law ; Embryogenesis ; Congenital heart disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract Medical decisions, including diagnosis, prognosis, and disease classification, must often be made on the basis of incomplete or unsatisfactory information. Data which are essential to the care of one patient may be unobtainable for technical or ethical reasons in another patient. For this reason the principles of controlled experimentation may be impossible to satisfy in human studies. In this paper, some formal aspects of medical decision making are discussed. Special operators for the intuitive concepts of ‘certainty’, ‘demand’, and ‘effort’, akin to the operators of modal logic, are used to accommodate the technical and ethical limitations on human studies. Theorems are stated and proved which show how this system handles incomplete information. The embryogenesis of the human heart is presented as a sample problem in classification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00882620
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compensatory neoplasia: Chronic erythrocytosis and neuroblastic tumors (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical medicine and bioethics 5 (1984), S. 279-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1200
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract There are a large number of exogenous biological and chemical substances with known neoplastic or carcinogenic potential. However, it has also been postulated that external stimuli can influence the body's internal milieu, and thereby induce compensatory excessive growth of cells in the form of hyperplasia or neoplasia. In a recent study, we observed a strong association between chronic hypoxic states and the occurrence of peripheral neuroblastic tumors, a relatively uncommon group of neural neoplasms. In this report we review those findings and formulate an hypothesis to explain why conditions which lead to chronic erythrocytosis may also cause compensatory neoplasia of neural tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00489476
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new paradigm for hypothesis testing in medicine, with examination of the Neyman Pearson condition (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical medicine and bioethics 7 (1986), S. 269-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1200
    Keywords: Computer simulation ; Hypothesis test ; Neyman Pearson lemma ; Token swap test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract In the past, hypothesis testing in medicine has employed the paradigm of the repeatable experiment. In statistical hypothesis testing, an unbiased sample is drawn from a larger source population, and a calculated statistic is compared to a preassigned critical region, on the assumption that the comparison could be repeated an indefinite number of times. However, repeated experiments often cannot be performed on human beings, due to ethical or economic constraints. We describe a new paradigm for hypothesis testing which uses only rearrangements of data present within the observed data set. The token swap test, based on this new paradigm, is applied to three data sets from cardiovascular pathology, and computational experiments suggest that the token swap test satisfies the Neyman Pearson condition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00539848
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determining cause of death in 45,564 autopsy reports (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical medicine and bioethics 9 (1988), S. 179-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1200
    Keywords: Autopsy diagnosis ; Cause of death ; Computer registers ; Diagnosis ; Medical subject headings ; Personal registers ; Validity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract It has been demonstrated that death certificates do not accurately record the actual cause of death in up to one-fourth of cases, as determined from subsequent autopsy findings. The purpose of this study was to explore the use of natural language autopsy data bases as an automated quality assurance mechanism. We translated the account of the major process leading to death, or the primary diagnosis, from all 45,564 narrative autopsy reports obtained at The Johns Hopkins Hospital between May 28, 1889, and June 30, 1987, into the hierarchical system of Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) titles. We obtained a total of 125,772 MeSH title translations, 1,563 of them distinct (average 2.8 per case), ranging in frequency from 6,029 occurrences of LUNG to 1 occurrence apiece of 357 MeSH titles. The natural-language-to-MeSH translations showed expected trends over the past century: fewer infectious diseases; more cardiovascular and neoplastic disease among adults; and more respiratory diseases and congenital malformations in the pediatric age group. The greater availability of autopsy documents in electronic form should increase the value of this resource for quality assurance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00489411
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