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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finite and boundary element modeling of crack propagation in two and three dimensions (1987)
    Springer
    Engineering with computers 2 (1987), S. 167-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Computer modeling of mixed-mode crack propagation has rarely been attempted. This is because of the difficulty in updating the geometrical description to represent the changing crack geometry. The development of two interactive, graphical fracture propagation systems is described here. The Finite Element Fracture Analysis Program—Graphical (FEFAP-G) is a two-dimensional fracture propagation system. The BEM3D is a three-dimensional boundary element fracture propagation system. In addition, the implementation of the BEM3D analysis program in a configuration formed by an FPS-264 processor attached to a VAX-11/750 used as host computer is described. The results show that a realistic three-dimensional boundary element analysis of crack propagation is not only feasible with the aid of attached processors, but it can have its total time reduced by factors of the order of hundreds when compared to VAX alone statistics. In an example problem concerning fatigue crack propagation in a stiffened wing skin, both FEFAP-G and the BEM3D are employed to illustrate the utility of the fracture propagation systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01201264
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Arbitrary crack representation using solid modeling (1993)
    Springer
    Engineering with computers 9 (1993), S. 63-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Keywords: Computational fracture mechanics ; Crack propagation ; Three-dimensional fracture mechanics ; Topological data structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes the fundamental modeling approaches adopted for crack nucleation and propagation in a software system that is specifically designed to simulate problems with evolutionary geometry. Only the topological and geometrical aspects of crack modeling, and how these aspects affect the database representation in the system, are addressed in the present discussion. The following are the innovative features of the present crack modeling approach: (a) crack simulation is done with a true geometric representation of the structure, via solid modeling; (b) crack modeling relies on the sophisticated, topology-based data structure of this system to support linkage to the solid model, fast interaction and accurate representation of evolving flaw shapes; (c) the system provides the ability to specify flaws of arbitrary shape (including non-planar flaws), size and orientation at arbitrary locations in the geometric model; (d) the flaw is specified at the desired location in the actual structure geometry, rather than at a location in the mesh; (e) the system uses all its automatic and local remeshing capabilities for the simulation of flaw initiation and growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01199046
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An edge-based data structure for two-dimensional finite element analysis (1987)
    Springer
    Engineering with computers 3 (1987), S. 13-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5663
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The introduction of engineering work stations has made it possible for an analyst to describe a two-dimensional finite element model and view its response in a real-time, interactive graphical environment. This interactive environment puts severe performance restrictions on finite element programs. The programs must be able to respond to an analyst's request in a reasonable amount of time. The traditional finite element data structures cannot provide the required performance. This paper introduces a new application of an existing data structure, the winged-edge, which can provide the required performance. The winged-edge data structure is described, with particular emphasis given to its use for finite element analysis. The implementation of the data structure in a fracture analysis program is discussed and a number of examples of its use are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01198145
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactive computer graphic preprocessing for three-dimensional finite element analysis (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 909-926 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An interactive computer graphic system has been developed for generating and editing three-dimensional finite element meshes. The various difficulties inherent to the generation of solid three-dimensional geometries through an effective use of computer graphic techniques are examined to explain the advantages of this system. The method is a combination of discrete transfinite mapping and cubic spline blending algorithms, used, respectively, to create plane cross-sectional meshes, and to generate the three-dimensional geometry by interpolaring between the cross-sections. The communication between analyst and machine is based on a digitizing tablet and a refresh vector scope. The dynamic viewing capabilities and depth cueing of the vector display greatly enhance the perception of the mesh three-dimensionality. Multi-view dynamic display is also employed to facilitate node or element selection. The flexibility and usefulness of the system are illustrated with the help of three examples of practical interest.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180608
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transition elements to be used with quarter-point crack-tip elements (1978)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 12 (1978), S. 1031-1036 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A generalization of the (r-1/2) strain or stress singularity capability of the quadratic isoparametric element is presented. It is shown that, by variable placement of the side-nobe between quarter- and mid-point, the point of singularity sensed by the element can be controlled. By using eight-noded quadrilateral isoparametric elements with appropriately placed side-nodes as transition elements between the quarter-point crack-tip trinagular and remaining non-singular elements, stress intensity factors may be computed with higher accuracy.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620120612
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-dimensional stress intensity factor computations using the boundary element method (1981)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 17 (1981), S. 387-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A multidomain boundary element formulation for the analysis of general two-dimensional plane strain/stress crack problems is presented. The numerical results were accurate and efficient. The analyses were performed using traction singular quater-point boundary elements on each side of the crack tip(s) with and without transition elements. Traction singular quarter-point boundary elements contain the correct √r displacement and 1/√r traction variations at the crack tip. Transition elements are appended to the traction singular elements to model the √r displacement variation. The 1/√r traction singularity is not represented with these elements. Current research studies for the crack propagation analysis of quasi-static and fatigue fracture problems are discussed.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620170308
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress-intensity factor computation in three dimensions with quarter-point elements (1980)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 15 (1980), S. 1427-1445 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A consistent method for computing stress-intensity factors from three-dimensional quarter-point element nodal displacements is presented. The method is generalized to permit functional evaluation of stress-intensity factors along the crack front. Embedded, surface, and corner crack problems are solved using the proposed technique. Results are compared to previous finite element and boundary element solutions. The comparison shows that use of the functional evaluation technique allows a dramatic decrease in problem size while still maintaining engineering accuracy. Next, a three-dimensional stress-intensity factor calibration of an unusual specimen configuration is presented. By taking advantage of the proposed technique, the calibration was performed with little difference in cost over the more usual two-dimensional approach. Moreover, the three-dimensional solution revealed intersting behaviour that would have been undetected by a two-dimensional solution. Finally, the results of a study on optimum size of the quarter-point element are presented. Surprisingly, Poisson ratio is shown to have marked effect on optimum element size.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620151002
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The collapse of the Schoharie Creek Bridge: a case study in concrete fracture mechanics (1991)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 51 (1991), S. 73-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract On April 5, 1987, the New York State Thruway bridge over Schoharie Creek collapsed without warning. The primary cause of failure was scour beneath a plain concrete pier footing. However, a necessary secondary cause was unstable propagation of a single crack in the pier. Conditions for initiation of the curvilinear crack are first evaluated. It is concluded that about 28 feet of scour had to occur to initiate stable process zone formation at the point of initiation, but that at least 44 feet was required to cause unstable cracking. Simulation of propagation was studied using discrete representation in a finite element model and nonlinear fracture mechanics. About 5 feet of propagation was necessary to transition from nonlinear to LEFM. Good agreement was found between observed and predicted final crack trajectories, and load redistribution in the bridge structure was determined to have been a necessary part of the failure process. Discussions concerning the application of the finite element method to crack initiation problems and the use of the size effect to estimate failure conditions in large, plain concrete structures are also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00020854
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Delamination buckling of laminated plates (1991)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 32 (1991), S. 1321-1337 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The subject of this paper is the buckling of laminated plates, with a pre-existing delamination, subjected to in-plane loading. Each laminate is modelled as an orthotropic Mindlin plate. The analysis is carried out by a combination of the finite element and asymptotic expansion methods. By applying the finite element method, plates with general delamination regions can be studied. The asymptotic expansion method reduces the number of unknown variables of the eigenvalue equation to that of the equation for a single Kirchhoff plate. Numerical results for the critical buckling load are presented for several examples. The effects of the shape, size and position of the delamination on the buckling load are studied through these examples.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620320610
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of ‘simple solutions’ for boundary integral methods in elasticity and fracture analysis (1992)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 35 (1992), S. 1737-1751 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The 'simple solutions' or 'indirect' method of analysing Cauchy and hypersingular integrands in the gradient (flux or traction) boundary integral equation (BIE) is applied to linear elastic fracture analysis. Because of the geometric singularity of the crack surface, application of the simple solutions formulas on the crack face requires integration over a temporary 'closure surface' rather than the remainder of the body. Closure surface constructions are exhibited for crack surfaces, allowing the gradient BIE to be applied as a constraint equation on a crack surface where the primary BIE is degenerate. Computational results are given for two benchmark fracture problems.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620350902
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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