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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 32 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Giant cell granuloma (GCG) is an osteolytic tumour of the jaw which is characterised by the presence of both mononuclear and multinucleated (osteoclast-like) giant cell components. The nature of these component cells and the pathogenesis of the extensive osteolysis associated with this lesion is uncertain.Methods:  Using cell culture techniques and immunohistochemistry, we defined the phenotypic characteristics of the mononuclear and multinucleated cells present in four cases of GCG of the jaw. We also analysed the cellular and humoral factors associated with osteoclast formation and osteolysis in these tumours and determined whether GCG stromal cells are capable of supporting osteoclast formation.Results:  GCG-derived giant cells expressed the phenotypic characteristics of osteoclasts (TRAP+, VNR+, and calcitonin responsive) and were capable of lacunar resorption. In addition to macrophages, the mononuclear cell population contained numerous spindle-shaped stromal cells which proliferated in culture and expressed RANKL; these GCG-stromal cells were capable of supporting human osteoclast formation from circulating monocyte precursors.Conclusion:  Our findings indicate that the giant cells in GCG of the jaw are osteoclast-like and formed from monocyte/macrophage precursors which differentiate into osteoclasts under the influence of RANKL-expressing mononuclear stromal cells found in this lesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La structure et la répartition précises des lymphatiques dans les membranes synoviales des articulations du genou chez le singe et des articulations du genou chez l'être humain avec ostéoarthrite (OA) ou arthrite rhumatoïde (RA) ont été étudiées par microscopie optique et électronique en utilisant la méthode d'enzymes histochimiques. La totalité des préparatifs du support et des sections de tissus de la membrane synoviale fut doublement coloré pour une activité de 5′-nucléotidase (5′-Nase) et de phosphatase alcaline (AL-Pase). Les lymphatiques de 5′-Nase-positifs furent clairement distingués des vaisseaux sanguins AL-Pase-positifs dans les spécimens à la fois du singe et de l'être humain. Dans la membrane synoviale du singe, les lymphatiques de 5′-Nase-positifs étaient distribués de manière dense dans les régions médiales et latérales de la poche suprapatellaire et dans le coussin adipeux infrapatellaire. Ces lymphatiques furent détectés dans les régions superficielles et profondes de la couche cellulaire du sous-revêtement. En outre, des vaisseaux lymphatiques collecteurs étaient bien développés dans la couche fibreuse profonde et dans l'épimysium de fusionnement. Dans la membrane synoviale des genoux de l'être humain avec OA ou RA, les modèles de répartition des lymphatiques furent essentiellement les mêmes que ceux trouvés chez le singe. Dans la villosité bien développée des membranes synoviales typiques de RA, aucun lymphatique ne fut détecté mais de nombreux vaisseaux sanguins furent clairement identifiés.
    Notes: Summary The fine structure and distribution of lymphatics in the synovial membrane of monkey knee joints, and human knees with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, were studied by light and electron microscopy using an enzyme-histchemical method. Whole mount preparations and tissue sections were doubly stained for 5′-nucleotidase and alkaline phosphatase. The 5′-nucleotidase positive lymphatics could be distinguished from the alkaline phosphatase positive blood vessels. In monkey specimens the 5′-nucleotidase lymphatics were densely distributed in the medial and lateral parts of the suprapatellar pouch and infrapatellar fat pad, in both the superficial and deep of the sublining cell layers. Collecting lymphatics were well developed in the deep fibrous layer and in the merging epimysium. In the knees with both types of arthritis, the patterns of distribution were the same as in the monkey. No lymphatics were found in well developed villi in rheumatoid arthritis, but many blood vessels were present.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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