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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 24 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ectopic mammary tissue in the inguinal region giving rise to a hamartoma is reported. This localization of ectopic breast is infrequent and hamartomas of the breast at this site have not been described previously. The unusual size of the lesion caused pre-operative diagnostic difficulties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Beta-catenin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Metastasis ; Predictive value ; Prognosis ; Rectal cancer ; Tumor marker
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: Adenomatous polyposis coli protein, glycogen synthetase kinase-3-beta, T cell transcription factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor, and beta-catenin modulate cell differentiation and proliferation via the expression of effector genes. It has recently been postulated that betacatenin is a potent oncogene of sporadic colorectal carcinogenesis and a prognostic tumor marker. Our aim was to investigate whether the nuclear overexpression of betacatenin, possibly caused by mutations in exon 3 of betacatenin (CTNNB1), is correlated with distant metastatic spread or disease-free survival in rectal carcinoma. METHODS: Immunohistochemical analysis was performed with an anti-beta-catenin-monoclonal antibody on paraffin sections of two groups of patients (n=2 × 77) with rectal carcinoma curatively treated by surgery alone. The patients selected were all free of local disease, to exclude surgical influence. Patient groups were matched for age, gender, International Union Against Cancer stage, and year of operation (1982 to 1991) and differed only in subsequent metachronous distant metastatic spread. Follow-up was prospective (median, 9.6 years). Three staining patterns were defined: membranous (normal), diffuse cytoplasmic (pathologic), and intense nuclear staining (pathologic). When intense nuclear staining was defined, the specimen was microdissected. Then, DNA was isolated, polymerase chain reaction-amplified, and sequenced to detect mutations in exon 3. RESULTS: Nuclear overexpression of beta-catenin correlated neither with distant metastatic spread (chisquared, 0.37;P=0.79) nor with disease-free survival (log-rank with trend,P=0.62). No mutations were found in the area of the serine/threonine-kinase glycogen synthetase kinase-3-beta-phosphorylation site in exon 3 (CTNNB1) of beta-catenin. CONCLUSION: Although beta-catenin seems to play an important role in early colorectal carcinogenesis, its value as a prognostic marker is questionable. It must be assumed that metastatic ability is determined by other factors than the disturbance of the beta-catenin T cell transcription factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor cascade and that other mechanisms might cause the observed nuclear translocation of beta-catenin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Laparoscopic colectomy ; Colorectal cancer ; Port site metastases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic surgery for the cure of colorectal cancer with emphasis on oncologic follow-up in particular. METHODS: A study was performed of patients with colorectal cancer treated by laparoscopy in five German centers between May 1991 and September 1997. Surgical and pathologic data were recorded in an anonymous registry database and analyzed by type of resection. Standard procedures were sigmoid or left colectomy, anterior resection, abdominoperineal resection, and right hemicolectomy. Follow-up information included incidence of local, distant, and port site recurrence and cancer-related death. RESULTS: A total of 399 patients (212 females) with a mean age of 66.6 years underwent laparoscopic curative resections (sigmoid resection, 89; left colectomy, 11; anterior resection, 157; abdominoperineal resection, 102; right hemicolectomy, 40). Conversion was necessary in 6.3 percent (n=25). Complications requiring reoperation occurred in 9 percent (n=35). Complications that were treated conservatively occurred in 27.6 percent (n=110). Thirty-day mortality was 1.8 percent (n=7). First bowel movements resumed on the third postoperative day; patients did not use analgesics after a mean of five days. Mean postoperative hospitalization was two weeks. According to International Union Against Cancer classification, 147 patients had Stage I cancer, 35 had Stage II cancer, and 217 underwent curative resection for Stage III cancer. Mean number of lymph nodes resected was 12.1. At a mean follow-up of 30 months, one port site recurrence was documented. No local recurrence was observed after curative resection of Stage I colorectal cancer. Of 399 patients, local recurrence occurred in 6 patients (Stage II, 2; Stage III, 4), and distant metastases were documented in 25 patients (Stage I, 3; Stage II, 3; Stage III, 19). The highest incidence of cancer-related death occurred after abdominoperineal resection (4.9 percent). CONCLUSION: To assess the role of laparoscopic colorectal surgery for the cure of cancer objectively, prospective randomized trials are necessary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 68 (1997), S. 215-224 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Laparoscopic colorectal surgery ; Port site metastases ; Pitfalls of laparoscopy. ; Schlüsselwörter: Laparoskopische colorectale Chirurgie ; Port-site-Metastasen ; Onkologische Fehler bei der Laparoskopie.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Die onkologischen Probleme bei laparoskopisch colorectalen Eingriffen in kurativer Intention bestehen im Auftreten von Port-site-Metastasen, in einer inadäquaten Radikalität, einer Tumorzellverschleppung durch ungeschützte Präparatebergung und unzureichende Operationstechnik sowie Nichtbeachtung technisch-onkologischer Grenzen bei bestimmten Tumorlokalisationen. Die bisher vorliegenden Untersuchungen ergeben eine mehr mechanische Pathogenese der Port-site-Metastasen durch Verschleppung von Tumorzellen in die Trokareinstichstellen über Instrumente, Trokare und Resektionspräparate. Durch entsprechende Vorsichtsmaßnahmen scheint somit eine Vermeidung möglich. Das CO2-Pneumoperitoneum spielt anscheinend eine untergeordnete Rolle bei der Entstehung der Port-site-Metastasen. Die onkologische Radikalität laparoskopischer Eingriffe beim colorectalen Carcinom kann bei fehlenden Langzeitdaten zur Zeit nicht beurteilt werden. Es liegen lediglich vereinzelte Untersuchungen zur Zahl der bei den Eingriffen mitentfernten Lymphknoten vor. Die Anzahl scheint nicht die bei vergleichbaren offenen Resektionen zu erreichen, eine genauere Analyse müßte jedoch die selektionierten Indikationen nach Tumorgröße und -lokalisation berücksichtigen. Die Vielzahl der möglichen Fehler und Gefahren der onkologischen laparoskopischen Chirurgie führt zu der klaren Forderung, daß die Eingriffe nur innerhalb von prospektiven klinischen Studien mit selektionierten Indikationen erfolgen sollten. Eine prospektiv randomisierte Studie für alle Tumorstadien und -lokalisationen ist vor diesem Hintergrund kritisch zu werten.
    Notes: Summary. Oncological problems associated with laparoscopic colorectal surgery with curative intent include port site metastases, inadequate radicality, seeding of tumour cells through unprotected recovery of the surgical specimen, faulty surgical technique, and failure to observe the technical and/or oncological limitations applicable to certain tumour sites. Investigations so far reported reveal a preponderance of mechanical pathogenesis of port site metastases caused by the contamination of trocar entry ports by tumour cells borne on instruments, trocars and resected material. This suggests that appropriate precautionary measures could resolve the problem. It appears that the CO2 pneumoperitoneum plays only a minor role in the development of port site metastases. Owing to a lack of long-term data, the oncological radicality of laparosopic resections for colorectal carcinoma cannot be assessed; merely a few reports on the number of lymph nodes removed during such operations have been published. Nevertheless, it would appear that fewer lymph nodes were removed than with comparable conventional surgery. However, a more accurate analysis needs to take account of the fact that the indication for laparoscopic surgery is determined by the size and location of the tumour. The many potential pitfalls and hazards of oncological laparoscopic surgery make it mandatory that such interventions should be done only within the framework of prospective clinical studies covering limited indications. Randomized prospective studies to cover all tumour stages and sites cannot be recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 19 (1995), S. 541-545 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Dans le domaine du traitement chirurgical radical du cancer gastrique, la résection étendue ou élargie à plusieurs organes, tout comme l'adénolymphectomie étendue systématique, prend de plus en plus d'importance. Une indication paticulière de la gastrectomie étendue est l'infiltration intramurale ou transmurale des organes avoisinants, ou la présence macroscopique de métastases des ganglions du tronc coeliaque, de l'artère splénique ou du hile de la rate. Puisque la mortalité de la gastrectomie étendue est à peine plus élevée que la mortalité de la gastrectomie non étendue, les indications de la gastrectomie étendue peuvent être larges. Les cas les plus défavorables sont ceux pour lesquels il existe une infiltration des organes de voisinage (pT4). La résection élargie à plusieurs organes associée à l'adénolymphectomie donne de bons résultats lorsqu'il s'agit de patients ayant seulement des adhérences inflammatoires aux organes de voisinage ou des métastases ganglionnaires pN2. L'infiltration intramurale de l'oesophage peut nécessiter une extension de la résection monobloc vers le haut par une voie abdomino-thoracique, pour assurer une marge de sécurité satisfaisante sans pour autant aggraver le pronostic.
    Abstract: Resumen En el área del tratamiento quirúrgico radical del carcinoma gástrico es de creciente importancia la resección extensa de múltiples órganos, así como la disección ganglionar linfática extensa y sistemática. Una indicación para gastrectomía ampliada es la infiltración intramural o transmural de los órganos vecinos o la presencia macroscópica de afección ganglionar metastásica de los grupos asociados con el tronco celíaco, la arteria esplénica o el hilio esplénico. Puesto que la tasa de mortalidad asociada con gastrectomía ampliada es apenas ligeramente superior a la de la gastrectomía no ampliada, se puede proponer una indicación más generosa de la primera. El factor de pronóstico más desfavorable es la evidencia histológica de infiltración transmural de órganos vecinos (pT4). La resección de múltiples órganos con una más radical disección sistemática de los ganglios linfáticos es de mayor beneficio en los pacientes con adherencia inflamatoria del estómago a los órganos vecinos y/o metástasis linfáticas pN2. La infiltración intramural del esófago puede ser tratada mediante la inclusión de la porción torácica del esófago en la resección gástrica que se hace por el abordaje abdómino-torácico, asegurando un adecuado margen libre de tumor; ésto no implica un peor pronóstico.
    Notes: Abstract In the area of radical surgical treatment of gastric carcinoma, extended or multiorgan resection is—as is systematically extended lymph node dissection—becoming increasingly important. One indication for extended gastrectomy is intramural or transmural infiltration of neighboring organs or the gross presence of metastatic involvement of the lymph nodes associated with the celiac trunk, splenic artery, or splenic hilum. Because the mortality rate associated with extended gastrectomy is hardly any higher than that for nonextended gastrectomy, the indication for the former may be generously applied. The prognostically most unfavorable case is histologic evidence of transmural infiltration of neighboring organs (pT4). Multiorgan resection with improved systematic extension of lymph node dissection is of greatest benefit to patients with inflammatory adhesion of the stomach to neighboring organs or pN2 lymph node metastases. Intramural infiltration of the esophagus can be treated by including the thoracic part of the esophagus in the gastric resection done via an abdominothoracic approach, ensuring an appropriate margin of clearance, with no significant worsening of the prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 11 (1996), S. 299-302 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. Cette étude expérimentale a pour but de déterminer l'utilité d'une technique d'anastomose totalement laparoscopique du côlon avec l'aide de l'anneau d'anastomose biofragmentable Valtrac et avec l'emploi d'un nouvel applicateur. Après résection colique intra-corporelle fermée avec l'agrafeuse linéaire et après mise en place de bourses, l'extrémité proximale et distale du còlon est ré-ouverte pour permettre la mise en place de l'anneau de Valtrac permettrant de compléter l'anastomose intra-corporelle. Cette technique a été testée chez 8 cochons. Six animaux n'ont développé aucune complication per- ou postopératoire alors que deux cochons ont développé une péritonite fatale suite à une insuffisance de l'anastomose chez l'un des animaux et une sténose anastomotique par déplacement de l'anneau de Valtrac. Les résultats de cette étude montrent que la manipulation de l'anneau anastomotique biofragmentable est facilitée par l'usage du nouvel applicateur. Dans les cas non compliqués, l'endoscopie et l'histologie ont montré une guérison per primam avec peu de sclérose et aucune de sténose anastomotique.
    Notes: Abstract. This experimental study examines the usefulness of a totally laparoscopic anastomotic technique in the colon with the aid of the biofragmentable anastomotic Valtrac ring and a newly developed applicator device. Following closed intracorporeal colonic resection with the linear stapler and subsequent re-opening of the proximal and distal bowel ends after placement of a pursestring suture, intracorporeal anastomosis was completed with the Valtrac ring. The technique was tested in 8 pigs. 6 pigs had no intra- or postoperative complications, while 2 pigs developed fatal peritonitis following anastomotic insufficiency in one pig and anastomotic stenosis caused by tilting of the Valtrac ring in the other animal. The results of the study show that handling of the biofragmentable anastomotic ring is facilitated by the use of the new application system. In the uncomplicated case, endoscopy and histology revealed bland healing with little scarring, and no evidence of an anastomotic stenosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 68 (1997), S. 800-800 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 9 (1994), S. 200-202 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Six femmes et 39 hommes ont été traités entre janvier 1985 et décembre 1988 d'un sinus pilonidal non enflammé au moyen de sclérothérapie. En anesthésie locale, 1 à 2 ml d'une solution à 80% de phénol sont injectés dans le sinus. Le phénol est laissé en place durant 1 minute puis le sinus est irrigué avec une solution physiologique habituelle. Un questionnaire a été envoyé à 45 patients; 37 questionnaires sont utilisables pour l'évaluation. Une guérison compléte survient chez 22 patients (59,5%). Le temps de guérison moyen est de 6,2 semaines. En dehors d'une rougeur transitoire observée fréquemment en réponse á une inflammation causée par le phénol, 5 patients ont développé un abcès nécessitant un traitement chirurgical. Cette étude ne confirme donc pas les résultats encourageants d'autres séries.
    Notes: Abstract Six female and 39 male outpatients, who suffered from acutely inflamed pilonidal sinus were treated by sclerotherapy between January 1985 and December 1988. Under local anaesthesia, 1–2 ml 80% phenol was injected into the sinus. The phenol, which was allowed to act for a minute, was washed out by irrigating the sinus with physiological common-salt solution. Of the questionnaire sent to all 45 patients, 37 proved suitable for evaluation. Complete healing occurred in 22 cases (59,8%). The healing time was 6.2 weeks on average. Besides a rather frequently observed transient reddening as a result of the local inflammation caused by the phenol, 5 patients developed an abcess which needed operative treatment. This study does not support the encouraging results of previous series.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 11 (1997), S. 902 -906 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Neoplasms, staging — Laparoscopy, adverse effects — Pancreatic neoplasms, surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Laparoscopic resection for cancer is controversial and port-site metastases are not infrequent. The mechanisms of occurrence of port-site metastases remain unclear. Animal experiments have suggested a role for carbon dioxide (CO2), but port-site metastases also occur after thoracoscopy, where no CO2 is used. The aim of this study was to define the role of CO2 in the seeding of tumor cells in the human patient. Methods: CO2, instruments, trocars, suction device, and peritoneal washing were examined during 12 staging laparoscopies for pancreatic cancer. The presence, viability, and biological significance of cells were investigated using conventional cytology, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) to detect the presence of a mutant k-ras gene as a genetic marker of cancer cells. Results: Cytology exam of peritoneal washing, instruments, the suction device, and trocars revealed many cells. Tumor cells were detected in 6/12 peritoneal, in 4/12 trocars and 4/11 instruments washings, but not in 12 CO2 samples. The DNA content of CO2 was very low—as assessed by PCR. Mutant DNA was detected by RFLP in four out of 12 aerosols. Six aerosols did not contain any DNA. Two aerosols were borderline. Conclusions: During staging laparoscopy for pancreatic cancer in humans, CO2 contains only very low levels of free-floating tumor cells, even in the presence of massive peritoneal contamination. These results suggest that the incidence of port-site metastases might be reduced if mechanical contamination of the port sites with instruments or with the specimen can be avoided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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