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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of sensory studies 11 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-459X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to assess the sensory characteristics of sodium lactate (SL) in combination with sodium tripolyphosphate (STP) in a model system at common usage levels for meat products. Using a gelatin-based (2%) system containing various concentrations of sodium lactate (0%, 1%, 2%, or 3%) and sodium tripolyphosphate (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, or 0.4%) a thirteen-member trained sensory panel scored samples for saltiness, bitterness, and soapiness. As sodium lactate and sodium tripolyphosphate levels increased, saltiness increased. Bitterness decreased with addition of 1% SL and increased with 2 and 3% SL. Soapiness also increased with increasing levels of SL. Bitterness and soapiness were not affected by increasing STP concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 97 (1975), S. 2676-2681 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 99 (1977), S. 6327-6331 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; amphiregulin ; heregulin ; cripto-1 ; EGF receptor family
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The expression of amphiregulin (AR), heregulin (HRG), and cripto-1 (CR-1) mRNA transcripts was assessed in 60 human primary breast carcinoma. AR and HRG transcripts were expressed respectively in 58% and 25% of the carcinomas as measured by Northern blot analysis. CR-1 mRNA was found in 77% of the carcinomas using Reverse Transcriptase-PCR analysis. Coexpression of two or three of these peptides was observed in several specimens. There was no significant association between AR, HRG, and CR-1 expression and nodal status, EGF receptor, or c-erbB-2 protooncogene expression in these tumors. However, a significant association between AR expression and estrogen receptor positivity was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 60 (1996), S. 1735-1743 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: He(I) ultraviolet (UV) photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio, self-consistent field (SCF) calculations with the 6-31G basis set have been employed to characterize the valence electronic structures of anionic 2′-deoxyadenosine-5′-phosphate (5′-dAMP-). Theoretical ionization potentials (IPs) of 5'-dAMP-, of the neutral model compounds 9-methyladenine (9-MeA) and 3-hydroxytetrahydrofuran (3-OH-THF), and of the model anion CH3HPO4- have been obtained by applying Koopmans' theorem to ab initio SCF results. The ionization potentials predicted from the SCF calculations have been compared to He(I) photoelectron spectra of 9-MeA and 3-OH-THF. The SCF calculations predict a value (8.45 eV), for the highest occupied π orbital in 9-MeA which agrees well with the experimental vertical IP (8.39 eV). However, IPs for the highest occupied lone-pair orbitals in 3-OH-THF are predicted to be more than 1.52 eV higher than the experimental IPs. Results from recently reported [H. S. Kim and P. R. LeBreton, Proc. Natl. Sci. USA 91, 3725-3729 (1994), and N. S. Kim and P. R. LeBreton, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 118, 3694 (1996)] second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation (MP2) calculations and configuration interaction calculations using the configuration interaction singles (CIS) method indicate that configuration interaction effects strongly influence the energies of the first five ionization events arising from removal of electrons from the closed-shell model anion CH3HPO4-. Results from the 6-31G SCF calculations of 5′-dAMP-, 9-MeA, 3-OH-THF, and CH3HPO4- indicates that valence orbital electron distributions in the nucleotide and in the model compounds and anion are similar. The correspondence between the orbital structure of the nucleotide, and the model compounds and anion makes it possible, employing experimental photoelectron data and MP2/CIS computational results for the model compounds and anion, to individually correct IPs calculated for the nucleotide at the 6-31G SCF level. Here, this approach has provided values for the 13 lowest IPs of 5′-dAMP- and indicates that the first IPs of the base, sugar, and phosphate groups are 6.1, 7.8, and 5.5 eV, respectively. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 42 (1990), S. 45-57 
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: oncogenes ; neoplastic transformation ; transforming growth factor-α ; transforming growth factor-β ; basic fibroblast growth factor ; platelet-derived growth factor ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The expression of growth factor-specific mRNA transcripts and the presence of biologically active growth factors in the conditioned medium and in the cell extracts from mouse NIH-3T3 cells transformed by different oncogences (Ki-ras, mos, src, fms, fes, met, and trk), by DNA tumor virus (SV40), or by a chemical carcinogen (N-nitrosomethylurea) were studied. In contrast to NIH-3T3 cells or simain virus 40 (SV40)-transformed 3T3 cells, all the other transformed NIH-3T3 cell lines express a 4.5 kb transforming growth factor-α (TGFα)-specific mRNA transcript and secreted immunoreactive and biologically active TGFα ranging from 100 to 225 ng/108 cell/48 h. In addition, in the transformed cell lines that were secreting elevated levels of biologically active TGFα, there was a 75-95% reduction in the total number of epidermal growth factor receptors on these cells. A 2.6 kb TGFβ mRNA transcript and TGFβ protein in the conditioned medium (30-140ng/108 cells/48h) was also detected in those lines expressing TGFα. Basic fibroblast growth factor-like activity (11-50 ng/108 cells) was detected in the cell lysates from NIH-3T3 cells transformed with N-nitrosomethylurea or with trk, where expression of specific 6.9 and 3.9 kb mRNA transcripts for basic fibroblast growth factor could also be found. B chain (c-sis) expression of platelet-derived growth factor was present only in trk-transformed NIH-3T3 cells in which specific c-sis 6.5 and 4.6 kb transcripts were identified. In contrast, platelet-derived growth factor A chain expression of 2.9 and 2.3 kb transcripts was found in ras-, met-, mos-, and fms-transformed NIH-3T3 cells. These results suggest that the expression of different sets of growth factors is controlled in part by structurally distinct groups of transforming genes.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Gas-phase ionization potentials (IPs) were theoretically evaluated for anionic 2′-deoxyadenosine 5′-phosphate (5′ dAMP-) and for 5′-dAMP- in water-counterion clusters with Na+. Two classes of clusters were examined. One contains Na+ associated with the phosphate group of 5′-dAMP- and five water molecules (cluster A). The second contains Na+ associated with the adenine N7 atom of 5′-dAMP-, and five or six water molecules (clusters B and C). Gas-phase IPs of isolated 5′-dAMP-, and of 5′-dAMP- in clusters containing Na+ and water molecules, obtained from ab initio self-consistent field (SCF) molecular orbital calculations were corrected by employing gas-phase ultraviolet photoelectron data on the model compounds 9-methyladenine and 3-hydroxytetrahydrofuran together with results from second-order Möller-Plesset and post-SCF configuration interaction calculations on the model anion H2PO-4. For gas-phase clusters, the electrostatic interaction of Na+ causes the lowest-energy base, sugar, and phosphate IPs to be significantly larger (1.7-3.9 eV) than the corresponding IPs of isolated 5′-dAMP-. For gas-phase clusters, the counterion location also strongly influences the IPs. In a cluster containing Na+ bound to phosphate (cluster A), the IPs of the lowest-energy base, sugar, and phosphate orbitals are 8.42, 9.14, and 9.12 eV, respectively. In a cluster containing Na+ bound to N7 of adenine (cluster B), the ordering of IPs is different and the lowest-energy base sugar and phosphate IPs are 9.46, 9.69, and 8.08 eV. Gibbs free energies associated with ionization in aqueous solution [ΔGioniz (solution)] were obtained by adding the difference (ΔΔGhyd) between the hydration energies of 5′-dAMP- or of the 5′-dAMP- clusters, before and after ionization, to the corrected gas-phase IPs. ΔGioniz (solution) ≈ IP + ΔΔGhyd. Differences between corresponding values of ΔGioniz (solution) for ionization from 5′-dAMP- versus 5′-dAMP- in clusters are smaller than differences between gas-phase IPs. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospect 3: 1-16, 1997
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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