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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 97 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract According to existing data, mercury resistance operons (mer operons) are in general thought to be rare in bacteria, other than those from mercury-contaminated sites. We have found that a high proportion of strains in environmental isolates of Gram-positive bacteria express mercuric reductase (MerA protein): the majority of these strains are apparently sensitive to mercury. The expression of MerA was also inducible in all cases. These results imply the presence of phenotypically cryptic mer resistance operons, with both the merA (mercuric reductase) and merR (regulatory) genes still present, but the possible absence of the transport function required to complete the resistance mechanism. This indicates that mer operons or parts thereof are more widely spread in nature than is suggested by the frequency of mercury-resistant bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 34 (1968), S. 19-26 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A study of ultrathin sections ofMicrococcus denitrificans andM.halodenitrificans has shown similar cell structures. The cell wall consists of several layers corresponding to those of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. The thickness of the cell wall is 250 – 350 Å; that of the cytoplasmic membrane 70 Å. The cytoplasm in both species contains ribosomes and inclusions of polymetaphosphate. Comparison with ultrathin sections ofThiobacillus novellus shows too much difference to consider the former two species to be identical with the latter one. The taxonomic position ofM.denitrificans andM.halodenitrificans is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 93 (1973), S. 65-85 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In the present work the chemical cell wall composition and some other biochemical characteristics were studied in staphylococci with the intention of utilizing the data obtained in their classification. According to the cell wall peptidoglycans and teichoic acids, the 130 strains of staphylococci studied are divided into 10 major groups. This division of staphylococci into groups is in good agreement with their present classification only in some cases. All of the 47Staphylococcus aureus strains contain a cell wall peptidoglycan of thel-Lys-Gly5–6 type and ribitol teichoic acid. Coagulase-negative staphylococci are more heterogeneous and are divided according to their cell wall composition into 9 major groups. 21 strains of them are classified asS. epidermidis sensu stricto. They form a natural group and are distinguished by the occurrence of thel-Lys-Gly4–5,l-Ser0.5–1.8 peptidoglycan type, glycerol teichoic acid and anl-lactate dehydrogenase which is activated by fructose-1,6-diphosphate. 8 strains with peptidoglycan of thel-Lys-Gly4–5,l-Ser0.5–1.8 type and ribitol teichoic acid are labeled asS. saprophyticus. The remaining groups have not been given species names and require further extensive comparative study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 94 (1973), S. 77-87 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. This study of the fine structure of Micrococcus radiodurans by freeze-etching confirmed and extended earlier results obtained with thin sections and negatively-stained preparations. The cell wall consists of three layers, and its outer surface shows a characteristic hexagonal array of hollow rings with a centre-to-centre spacing of about 18 nm. In dividing cells, septum formation begins at several points on the periphery of the cell and often proceeds asymmetrically until the septum is complete. 2. These results, together with other studies, show that the structure of the cell wall of M. radiodurans is not that typical of Gram-positive cocci, and that it has some features in common with the walls of Gram-negative bacteria, and some unique features. M. radiodurans should therefore be reclassified into a new taxon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 86 (1972), S. 211-220 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Micrococcus cyaneus (strain CCM 856) was studied by electron microscopy of thin sections. The cells exhibit different forms (spherical, flattened and pear-shaped) varying in size from 0.6 to 1.1 μm. The cell wall consists of one layer 40 to 60 nm thick, the surface of which is covered with, or expands as, a fuzzy material. The cytoplasmic membrane has an asymmetric triple-layered structure with a thickness varying from 8 to 10 nm, and infolds into the cytoplasm as intracytoplasmic membrane systems with configuration, size and number dependent on the fixation conditions. The shape and arrangement of the cells of M. cyaneus differs from that of other micrococci and therefore its taxonomic status should be re-evaluated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 64 (1968), S. 23-28 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The guanine + cytosine (GC) content of the DNAs of 11 cultures of Sporosarcina ureae and one culture of Bacillus pasteurii was determined using the methods of Marmur and Doty (1962), Frédéricq et al. (1961), and paper chromatography. The GC content in DNA of Sporosarcina ureae ranges from 39.3 to 44%. Bacillus pasteurii contained 40.4% GC in DNA. Our results support the opinion that Sporosarcina ureae is related both to non-sporeforming flagellated cocci of the genus Planococcus and to bacilli, particularly to Bacillus pasteurii.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 67 (1969), S. 58-61 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The guanine+cytosine content (GC) of DNAs of 9 strains of pediococci and 6 strains of aerococci was determined using different physicochemical methods. It was found that the GC content of DNA of the pediococci ranged from 37.8 to 41.2%, while that of the aerococci varied from 42.0 to 43.2%. The results obtained show that genetically related species are involved whose mutual position in the system is determined by only slight differences in the phenotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 82 (1972), S. 280-282 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The percentage guanine+cytosine (GC) content of the DNA of 9 extremely halophilic cocci were determined from melting temperature (T m) and the E 260/E 280 ratio at pH 3. The values found ranged from 60.5–65.8, with an average 62.6% GC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 107 (1976), S. 313-320 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Micrococcus radiophilus ; Micrococcus radioproteolyticus ; Bacterial cell walls ; Fine structure ; Electron microscopy ; Taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The radiation resistant bacteria Micrococcus radiophilus and M. radioproteolyticus were studied by thin sectioning and freeze-etching techniques and the two species were found to be similar in the fine structure. The only significant difference was in the appearance of the surfaces of the cell walls in freeze-etched preparations. Since the two species, together with M. radiodurans, possess a unique cell wall structure and a cell wall peptidoglycan, which is different from that of other micrococci and Gram-positive cocci, it is recommended that they be reclassified into a new genus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 29 (1963), S. 313-318 
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The oxidation of 17 carbon compounds by 13 strains ofMicrococcus luteus was studied. It was shown that all strains oxidized Na-acetate, Na-lactate, glycerol, glucose, galactose, sucrose, maltose and fructose. The oxidation of mannitol, sorbitol, xylose, ribose, rhamnose, starch, lactose and arabinose was variable. Dulcitol was not oxidized at all. We have shown that the species, considered byKocur andMartinec (1962) to be identical withM. luteus, possess the same oxidation pattern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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