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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 31 (1992), S. 4370-4375 
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 56 (1994), S. 245-261 
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: negative regulatory element ; heterologous promoter ; DNA binding factor ; transcriptional repression ; milk protein expression control ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Expression of the whey acidic protein (WAP) gene is tightly regulated in a tissue and developmental stage specific manner, in that the WAP gene is exclusively expressed in the mammary gland during pregnancy and lactation. Using both deletion and competition analyses, evidence is provided for the existence of a negative regulatory element (NRE) in the WAP promoter loaated between 413 and 93 with respect to the WAP transcriptional initiation site. This NRE dramatically decreases transcription from linked heterologous promoter-reporter gene constructs. The activity of NRE requires WAP promoter sequences that are 230 bp apart since subfragments of the NRE fail to inhibit transcription of adjoining reporter genes. Nuclear extracts from different cell types, in whiah the WAP gene is not active, contain a protein or complex that specifically interacts with the entire NRE but not with subfragments of it. The contact points between this protein (NRE binding factor [NBF]) and element have been partially determined. Mutation of the implicated nucleotides severely peduces the ability of NBF to bind, and such promotep fragments dail to alleviate transcpiptional repression in competition experiments. This suggests that NBF binding to the NRE is at least il part responsible for the negative regulation of the WAP promoter. Since NBF is not detectable in the lactating mammary gland, where the WAP gene is expressed, we speculate that it may be a determinant of the expression spectrum of the WAP gene.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Tris[(trialkylphosphine)gold(I)]oxonium salts ; tris[(triphenylphosphine)gold(I)]sulfonium salts ; preparation ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On Tris[(trialkylphosphine)gold(I)]oxonium Tetrafluoroborates and Tris[(triphenylphosphine)gold(I)]sulfonium Tetrafluoroborate[Et3PAu]+BF4-, obtained from Et3PAuCl and AgBF4 in tetrahydrofuran, reacts with KOH (molar ratio 3:1) to give the oxonium salt [(Et3P)Au]3O+BF4- (1). The homologous [t(Bu3P)Au]3O+BF4- (2) is generated similarly from tBu3PAuCl and Ag2O in the presence of NaBF4 in THF. The composition and identity of these two first tris[(trialkylphosphine)gold(I)]oxonium salts have been confirmed by analytical and spectroscopic data. The compounds are useful aurating agents. From the corresponding triphenylphosphine complex and (Me3Si)2S quantitative yields of the sulfonium salt [(Ph3P)Au]3S+BF4- (3) are obtained. Its crystal structure features monomeric cations, and in these small Au—S—Au angles indicate significant metal-metal bonding.
    Notes: Das durch Umsetzung von Et3PAuCl mit AgBF4 entstehende [Et3PAu]+BF4- ergibt mit KOH (Molverhältnis 3:1) in Tetrahydrofuran das Oxonium-Salz [(Et3P)Au]3O+BF4- (1). Ähnlich entsteht aus Bu3PAuCl und Ag2O in Gegenwart von NaBF4 in THF das homologe [(tBu3P)Au]3O+BF4- (2). Diese beiden ersten Tris[(trialkylphosphan)gold(I)]oxonium-Salze wurden durch analytische und spektroskopische Daten in ihrer Zusammensetzung und Identität gesichert. Sie sind wichtige Aurierungsreagentien. Aus dem zugehörigen Triphenylphosphan-Komplex entsteht mit (Me3Si)2S quantitativ das Sulfonium-Salz [(Ph3P)Au]3S+BF4- (3). Seine Kristallstrukturanalyse zeigt monomere Trigoldsulfonium-Kationen mit steiler SAu3-Pyramide. Kurze Au … Au-Abstände und kleine Au—S—Au-Winkel deuten signifikante Au  -  Au-Wechselwirkungen an.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 619 (1993), S. 1580-1588 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Gold(I) Complexes ; (Triorganophosphine)gold(I) Complexes ; Tris[(triorganophosphine)gold(I)]oxonium Salts ; Tris[(triorganophosphine)gold(I)]imonium Salts ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Tris[(triorganophosphan)gold(I)]oxonium- und -organoimoniumtetrafluoroborate mit voluminösen SubstituentenTris{[tri(2-methylphenyl)phosphan]gold(I)}-, Tris{[tri(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)phosphan]gold(I)}- und Tris{[tri(cyclohexyl)phosphan]gold(I)}-oxonium-tetra-fluoroborat (1-3) wurden aus den entsprechenden (Phosphan)gold(I)-chloriden, Silberoxid und Natrium-tetrafluoroborat in Aceton hergestellt. Diese Oxonium-Salze sind ausgezeichnete Aurierungsreagenzien. So entstehen aus 1 und t-Butylamin tBuNH2 oder Anilin PhNH2 in guten Ausbeuten die dreikernigen Imino-Komplexe {[(2-MeC6H4)3P]Au}3NtBu+BF4- (4) bzw. {[(2-MeC6H4)3P]Au}3NPh+BF4- (5). Mit 3 ergeben sowohl Anilin als auch 8-Amino-chinolin die Produkte {[(c-C6H11)3P]Au}3NPh+BF4- (6) bzw. {[(c-C6H11)3P]Au}3N(C9H6N)+BF4- (7. Die Aurierung von Anilin mit dem sterisch am meisten gehinderten Reagens 2 ergibt nur den zweikernigen Komplex {[(2,4,6-Me3C6H2)3P]Au}2N(Ph)H+BF4- (8). Die Reagenzien 1-3 und die Produkte 4-8 wurden durch analytische und NMR-spektroskopische Daten charakterisiert, und die Kristallstrukturen von 4 und 6 wurden durch Einkristall-Röntgenbeugung bestimmt. In den Kationen von 4 findet man ein Dreieck aus Goldatomen [mit kurzen Au  -  Au-Kontakten von 3,036(1), 3,107(1) und 3,214(1) Å], die mit dem Stickstoffatom eine steile Pyramide bilden, deren Au—N—Au-Winkel viel kleiner sind als der Tetraeder-Richtwert von 109,7°, nämlich 94,8(4), 98,1(4) und 103,0(4)°. Die Au3-Gruppe steht relativ zu den Methylgruppen der t-Butyl-Gruppe auf Lücke. Für 6 sind die Resultate ähnlich [Au…Au: 3,037(1), 3,071(1), 3,222(1) Å; Au—N—Au: 95,3(3), 96,5(3), 103,6(3)°]. NMR-Spektren bei variabler Temperatur zeigen für die Verbindungen 3 und 8 eine gehinderte Rotation der Mesityl-Gruppen um die P—C-Bindungen der Liganden, die auf die räumliche Überladung zurückgeht.
    Notes: Tris{[tri(2-methylphenyl)phosphine]gold(I)}-, tris{[tri(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)phosphine]gold(I)}- and tris{[tri(cyclohexyl)phosphine]gold(I)}-oxonium tetra-fluoroborate (1-3) have been prepared from the corresponding (phosphine)gold(I) chlorides, silver oxide, and sodium tetrafluoroborate in acetone. These oxonium salts are excellent aurating agents for primary amines. Thus in the reaction with 1, t-butylamine tBuNH2 and aniline PhNH2 are readily converted into the trinuclear imino complexes {[(2-MeC6H4)3P]Au}3NtBu+BF4- (4) and {[(2-MeC6H4)3P]Au}3NPh+BF4- (5) in high yields. With 3, both aniline and 8-amino-quinoline also give the trinuclear complexes, i.e. {[(c-C6H11)3P]Au}3 NPh+BF4- (6) and {[(c-C6H11)3P]Au}3N(C9H6N)+BF4- (7). Auration of aniline with the most sterically hindered reagent 2 yields only the binuclear complex {[2,4,6-Me3C6H2)3P] · Au}2N(Ph)H+BF4- (8). The reagents 1-3 and the Products 4-8 have been characterized by analytical and NMR spectroscopic data, and the crystal structures of compounds 4 and 6 have been determined by single crystal x-ray diffraction. In the cations of 4, a triangle of gold atoms with short Au  -  Au contacts [3.036(1), 3.107(1), and 3.214(1) Å] forms a steep pyramid with the nitrogen atom, in which the angles Au—N—Au are all much smaller than the tetrahedral standard of 109.7°: 94.8(4), 98.1(4), and 103.0(4)°. This triangular Au3 unit is staggered relative to the three methyl groups of the tBu substituent at nitrogen. The results for 6 are similar [Au  -  Au: 3.037(1), 3.071(1), and 3.222(1) Å; Au—N—Au: 95.3(3), 96.5(3), and 103.6(3)°]. Variable temperature NMR studies of compounds 3 and 8 show hindered rotation of the mesityl groups about the P—C bonds of the ligands originating from the steric congestion within each tertiary phosphine.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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