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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric Fabry–Pérot interferometer for temperature dependent far-infrared reflectivity measurements of heavy-fermion metals in high magnetic fields (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 4304-4310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A far-infrared reflectivity set up has been developed for spectroscopy on highly reflective materials in a 20 T-class resistive Bitter magnet. As a first application, far-infrared reflectivity measurements on the heavy-fermion compound URu2Si2 have been performed using a silicon reflection Fabry–Pérot interferometer as a multiple reflection device. In a resonance, this Fabry–Pérot technique is one order of magnitude more sensitive than a single reflection measurement. Changes in the reflectivity as a function of magnetic field are resolved with an accuracy of 0.2% and the absolute value of the reflectivity can be obtained with an accuracy of 0.5%. With this interferometer, an excitation at about 40 cm−1 in the heavy-fermion system URu2Si2 is investigated at temperatures between 2 and 20 Kelvin and in magnetic fields up to 20 T. The excitation appears to extend to lower energies under influence of a large magnetic field. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147530
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visible light tomography using an optical imaging system : Proceedings of the 9th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 5185-5187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A system for tomography in the wavelength range 200–1100 nm has been designed for the Rijnhuizen Tokamak Project (RTP). The plasma is viewed from five directions in one poloidal plane with a total of 80 detectors. An optical imaging system consisting of two spherical mirrors for each viewing direction is used to combine a good spatial resolution (1 cm, the minor radius of RTP being 17 cm) with a sufficiently high signal level for the fast electronics (200 kHz). Because of the complexity of the imaging, implementation of the system into common tomography codes is not straightforward. Ray tracing is used to calculate the contribution of the local emissivities in the plasma to the measured signals of the various detectors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143424
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Supramaximal cycle tests do not detect seasonal progression in performance in groups of elite speed skaters (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 64 (1992), S. 292-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Aerobic power ; Anaerobic power ; Training
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Seven female and eight male elite junior skaters performed cycle ergometer tests at four different times during the 1987/1988 season. The tests consisted of a Wingate-type 30-s sprint test and a 2.5-min supramaximal test. The subjects were tested in February, May and September 1987 and in January 1988. Maximal oxygen consumption was measured during the 2.5-min test. With the exception of the maximal oxygen consumption of the women in May which was about 6% lower than in the other three tests, no seasonal changes in the test results could be observed —this, in spite of a distinct increase in training volume (from 10 to more than 20 h · week−1) and training intensity in the course of the season. When the test data were compared to those of elite senior skaters, it appeared that the junior skaters showed the same values for mean power output during the sprint test [14.2 (SD 0.4) W · kg−1 for the men and 12.6 (SD 0.5) W · kg−1 for the women] and maximal oxygen consumption [63.1 (SD 2.8) ml· kg−1 · min−1 for the men and 55.3 (SD 3.5 ml · kg−1 · min−1 for the women, respectively] as found for senior skaters. It seemed, therefore, that the effects of training in these skaters had already levelled off in the period before they participated in this investigation. In contrast to previous studies, no relationship could be shown between the test results and skating performance. This was most likely due to the homogenous character of the groups (mean standard deviations in power and oxygen consumption were only 5%). It was concluded that the present cycle tests used to measure aerobic and anaerobic power were obviously not of use in evaluating seasonal changes in performance in these groups of highly trained athletes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00636214
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    No acute effects of short-term creatine supplementation on muscle properties and sprint performance (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 82 (2000), S. 223-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Keywords M. quadriceps ; Fatigue ; Recovery ; Electrical stimulation ; Power
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a double-blind, placebo, controlled study, we investigated the acute effects of short-term oral creatine supplementation (20 g · day−1 for 6 days) on muscle activation, fatigue and recovery of the m. quadriceps femoris during electrical stimulation, and on maximal performance during sprint cycling. The quadriceps muscles of 23 well-trained rowers were stimulated at different frequencies (10, 20, 50, 100, 150 and 200 Hz). Furthermore, 40 repetitive, electrically stimulated (duration 220 ms, stimulation frequency 150 Hz) concentric contractions were imposed at a constant angular velocity of 180° · s−1 over a range of 50° (from 90 to 140° knee angle), each extension/flexion cycle lasting 1200 ms. To determine recovery, torque was measured at 20, 50, 80, 120, 180 and 300 s after the last contraction. In addition, two maximal 30-s sprints were performed on a cycle ergometer with 4 min rest in between. Following short-term creatine supplementation, body mass [mean (SEM)] increased (P 〈 0.05) from 85.7 (2.7) kg to 87.3 (2.9) kg. Creatine supplementation had no effect on maximal voluntary isometric torque and muscle activation, or on fatigue and recovery of dynamic exercise. There was also no significant effect on peak power, time to peak power and work to peak power, or total work during both sprints on the cycle ergometer. It was concluded that short-term oral creatine supplementation resulted in increased body mass, but did not enhance muscle performance or maximal output during sprint cycling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004210050675
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional characteristics of rat gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles during growth (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 194 (1987), S. 75-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Several morphological and functional characteristics of the rat gastrocnemius medialis and tibialis anterior muscle were studied in young, adult, and old rats to assess the influence of growth. Antagonist muscles were studied to determine how changes of muscle architecture and functional characteristics are influenced by the demands of increased body weight and by the specific roles of these muscles in locomotion.Both muscles change drastically, for instance, in muscle length, volume, physiological cross-sectional area aponeurosis length, and their muscular geometry changes allometrically for both muscles. The relationships between muscle length, distance between origin and insertion, tendon length, and tibial length also change with growth. Both muscles are rather pennate, so that the increase of physiological cross-sectional area is a major factor in the determination of muscle length.No significant difference could be shown for fundamental physiological characteristics (i.e., functional characteristics normalized for muscular dimensions such as maximal work per unit volume). The changes of morphological and functional variables of both muscles parallel each other as is apparent from the index of antagonist characteristics, which is constant for all variables studied with the exception of muscle volume and tendon length.Consequently, the considerable and similar changes of TA and GM morphology and functional characteristics that take place during growth from approximately four weeks postnatally is not caused by changes of muscular material but by changes of the amount and architectural arrangement of the material involved.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051940107
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