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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transition and transversion rate in the evolution of animal mitochondrial DNA
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biosystems 19 (1986), S. 273-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 0303-2647
    Keywords: Evolution of mitochondrial genes ; Molecular evolution ; Phylogenetic tree ; Stochastic Markov chain ; Transition ; Transversion rate
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0303-2647(86)90004-3
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular classification of living organisms (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 40 (1995), S. 273-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Tree of life ; Archaebacteria ; Phylogenetic trees ; Markov process ; Glutamine synthetase ; rRNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Recent studies in molecular evolution have generated strong conflicts in opinion as to how world living organisms should be classified. The traditional classification of life into five kingdoms has been challenged by the molecular analysis carried out mostly on rRNA sequences, which supported the division of the extant living organisms into three major groups: Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, and Eukaryota. As to the problem of placing the root of the tree of life, the analysis carried out on a few genes has provided discrepant results. In order to measure the genetic distances between species, we have carried out an evolutionary analysis of the glutamine synthetase genes, which previously have been revealed to be good molecular clocks, and of the small and large rRNA genes. All data demonstrate that archaebacteria are more closely related to eubacteria than to eukaryota, thus supporting the classical division of living organisms into two main superkingdoms, Prokaryota and Eukaryota.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00163232
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time and biosequences (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 37 (1993), S. 154-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Molecular evolution ; Base composition ; Molecular clock ; Stochastic methods ; Markov model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we discuss and demonstrate the importance of several factors relative to the relationship between time and evolution of biosequences. In both quantitative and qualitative measurements of the genetic distances, the compositional constraints of the nucleotide sequences play a very important role. We demonstrate that when homologous sequences significantly differ in base composition we get erratic branching order and/or wrong evaluation of the evolutionary rates. We must consider that every gene may have a different evolutionary dynamic along its sequence, generally linked to its functional constraints; this too can seriously affect its clocklike behavior. We report some cases showing how these factors can affect the quantitative measurements of the genetic distances of biosequences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02407350
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for two distinct subgroups of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) from France and Italy and their relationships with other AMV strains (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 145 (2000), S. 2659-2667 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  The nucleotide sequence of the putative coat protein open reading frame of seven previously uncharacterized AMV strains from Italy and France was determined and aligned with comparable sequences of other AMV strains (425 L, 425 M, YSMV, S, VRU, 15/64 and Da). The data set of AMV sequences was used to determine phylogenetic relationships by both a stochastic (stationary Markov model) and a deterministic method (maximum-parsimony) of analysis. The topology of the trees obtained with the two methods was essentially the same showing that all AMV strains clustered in two monophyletic groups. Close clustering of Italian strains in subgroup I and of French strains in subgroup II seems to suggests the effect of geographic distinctiveness of evolutionary dynamics of these AMV strains. This separation did not correlate with differences in host range or symptoms (necrotic or non necrotic) induced in tomato but rather it reflected variations in the amino acid sequence of their CP, which might be related to structural properties of virus particles. A simple and rapid procedure based on the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by ezymatic digestion (RFLP) was developed to identify and classify AMV isolates into the two subgroups. The method applied to a number of other AMV isolates from Italy and France supported their division in two distinct subgroups. This RT-PCR RFLP method may be useful way to investigate the dynamics of AMV populations in nature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050070014
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical relationship between satellite I and II DNA in centromeric regions of sheep chromosomes (1997)
    Springer
    Chromosome research 5 (1997), S. 375-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6849
    Keywords: centromere ; fluorescence in situ hybridization ; junction sequence ; Ovis aries ; satellite DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probes representing sheep satellite I and satellite II DNAs shows a different distribution of the two repetitive DNA families in the centromeric region of most chromosomes. The single signal per chromosome produced by the satellite I probe suggests close proximity of this DNA family to the primary constriction. Satellite II produces two separate signals on the sister chromatids, and large blocks of satellite II DNA constitute most of the short arm of all acrocentric chromosomes. We have isolated and sequenced a phage clone containing a junction between discrete blocks of satellite I and satellite II sequences. The junction is characterized by an abrupt juxtaposition of arrays of the two satellites. The possibility that the peculiar structural features of this junction could have a functional significance is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018444325085
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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