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  • 1
    ISSN: 0022-4731
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 116 (1990), S. 486-491 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Bone scanning ; Breast cancer ; Clinical examination ; Follow-up
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of the study was to assess the value of routine bone scintigrams, independent of the primary tumor stage or the presence of symptoms, in the postsurgical follow-up of breast cancer patients for the early detection of bone metastases. For this purpose 1000 patients with postsurgical breast cancer without previous documentation of metastatic disease, who were admitted to the special oncology hospital, Onkologische Klinik Bad Trissl, entered a prospective study in 1987–1988. The parameters followed were the TNM stage of the primary tumor, the presence of pain, bone pain as revealed by a thorough physical examination, and the patient's history for the assessment of risk factors. In addition, a wholebody skeletal scintigram, supplementary X-rays, and additional diagnostic measures were performed, if necessary, to detect bone metastases. It was shown that in 856 of 894 patients (groups 1–6) without clinical symptoms, the clinical examination and radiological and scintigraphic diagnostic measurements, demonstrating the absence of bone metastases, gave matching results, but in 12 of the 894 patients the results of all examinations remained questionable. In another 12 of the 894 patients (groups 1–3) radiological and/or scintigraphical evidence for the presence of bone metastases was found. In 14 of 79 cases (groups 7–10) with clinically suspicious symptoms these were proven to be signs of metastases by subsequent scintigrams, supplementary X-rays, and additional diagnostic measures. In 65 of the 79 patients with clinically suspicious symptoms, bone metastases could not be confirmed by obtaining bone scintigrams or X-rays while in the other 14 patients (groups 9 and 10) evidence for the presence of bone metastases was found in the scintigrams and/or X-rays. However, 10 of these 14 patients were high-risk patients for developing bone metastases as they had axillary lymph node infiltration. The other 4 patients were of the low-risk group as they had positive receptor status or no axillary lymph node infiltration at the time of primary diganosis. In 13 of 27 patients (groups 11–14) with clinical symptoms indicating the presence of bone metastases this diagnosis was confirmed by scintigrams and/or X-rays (groups 11 and 12), while it was possible to exclude the presence of bone metastases in spite of the symptoms in 11 of the 27 patients. In the other 3 patients the results of the additional examinations remained questionable. It was concluded that it is justified to limit skeletal scintigrams to high-risk groups of patients who have positive lymph nodes at primary diagnosis, as long as a careful assessment of existing symptoms and the physical examination give no indication of the presence of bone metastases. In fewer than 5 out of 1000 patients the presence of skeletal metastases will not be recognized in spite of this.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The protective effect of high-titer anti-lipid A hyperimmune globulin with respect to the course of the disease and the mortality rate was studied in patients with septicemia verified by positive blood cultures. Six patients were treated with anti-lipid A in an open study. Dramatic improvement in fever curves and clinical condition in some of the patients encouraged us to start a randomized double blind study. So far, 17 patients have entered the study, 16 of whom were evaluable. Immediately after a positive blood culture was found, patients received either high doses of antilipid A or placebo (saline solution) on two subsequent days. Before and after each infusion blood samples were taken in order to assess serum bactericidal activity and anti-lipid A titers. Because of the still small numbers of patients the results of both studies were summarized. In all patients treated with anti-lipid A clear-cut increases in anti-lipid A titers were shown. Patients with repeated gram-negative infections showed higher median anti-lipid A titers than patients without such a history. The patients treated with anti-lipid A immune globulin ran a significantly milder course than the placebo group. The severe signs of septic shock were reversed in seven of 15 patients on anti-lipid A compared to two of seven patients treated with placebo. In the anti-lipid A-treated group, three of 15 patients died, and in the placebo group two of seven. This difference is not statistically significant.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei Patienten mit einer durch positive Blutkultur nachgewiesenen gramnegativen Sepsis wurde untersucht, ob durch die Applikation von Hyperimmunglobulin mit hohem Titer an Lipoid A-Antikörpern ein septischer Schock verhütet oder gemildert werden kann. In einer offenen Studie wurden sechs Patienten mit Anti-Lipoid A-Antikörpern behandelt. Die zum Teil drastischen Erfolge ermutigten uns zu einer randomisierten Doppelblindstudie, in die bisher 17 Patienten aufgenommen wurden (16 Patienten auswertbar). Die Patienten erhielten unmittelbar nach Bekanntwerden einer positiven Blutkultur an zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Tagen hohe Dosen an Anti-Lipoid A-Antikörpern oder Plazebo (NaCl 0,9%). Vor und nach jeder Applikation wurden Blutproben zur Bestimmung der Serumbakterizidie und der Anti-Lipoid A-Titer abgenommen. Wegen der noch geringen Patientenzahl wurden die Patienten aus beiden Studien gemeinsam ausgewertet. Bei allen Patienten, die mit Anti-Lipoid A-Antikörpern behandelt wurden, zeigte sich ein deutlicher Titeranstieg des Anti-Lipoid A (IgG und IgM). Bei Patienten mit rezidivierenden gramnegativen Infektionen fanden sich im Mittel höhere Anti-Lipoid A-Titer (IgG und IgM) als bei Patienten ohne derartige Anamnese. In der mit Anti-Lipoid A-Antikörpern behandelten Gruppe zeigte sich eine signifikant günstige Beeinflussung des Krankheitsverlaufes. Die schweren Zeichen eines septischen Schocks besserten sich bei sieben der 15 mit Anti-Lipoid A behandelten Patienten und bei zwei von sieben mit Plazebo behandelten Patienten. In der mit Anti-Lipoid A behandelten Gruppe verstarben drei von 15 Patienten, in der Plazebo-behandelten Gruppe zwei von sieben. Dieser Unterschied ist nicht statistisch signifikant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The protective effect of high-titer anti-lipid A hyperimmune globulin with respect to the course of the disease and the mortality rate was studied in patients with septicemia verified by positive blood cultures. Six patients were treated with anti-lipid A in an open study. Dramatic improvement in fever curves and clinical condition in some of the patients encouraged us to start a randomized double blind study. So far, 17 patients have entered the study, 16 of whom were evaluable. Immediately after a positive blood culture was found, patients received either high doses of anti-lipid A or placebo (saline solution) on two subsequent days. Before and after each infusion blood samples were taken in order to assess serum bactericidal activity and anti-lipid A titers. Because of the still small numbers of patients the results of both studies were summarized. In all patients treated with anti-lipid A clear-cut increases in anti-lipid A titers were shown. Patients with repeated gram-negative infections showed higher median anti-lipid A titers than patients without such a history. The patients treated with anti-lipid A immune globulin ran a significantly milder course than the placebo group. The severe signs of septic shock were reversed in seven of 15 patients on anti-lipid A compared to two of seven patients treated with placebo. In the anti-lipid A-treated group, three of 15 patients died, and in the placebo group two of seven. This difference is not statistically significant.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei Patienten mit einer durch positive Blutkultur nachgewiesenen gramnegativen Sepsis wurde untersucht, ob durch die Applikation von Hyperimmunglobulin mit hohem Titer an Lipoid A-Antikörpern ein septischer Schock verhütet oder gemildert werden kann. In einer offenen Studie wurden sechs Patienten mit Anti-Lipoid A-Antikörpern behandelt. Die zum Teil drastischen Erfolge ermutigten uns zu einer randomisierten Doppelblindstudie, in die bisher 17 Patienten aufgenommen wurden (16 Patienten auswertbar). Die Patienten erhielten unmittelbar nach Bekanntwerden einer positiven Blutkultur an zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Tagen hohe Dosen an Anti-Lipoid A-Antikörpern oder Plazebo (NaCl 0,9%). Vor und nach jeder Applikation wurden Blutproben zur Bestimmung der Serumbakterizidie und der Anti-Lipoid A-Titer abgenommen. Wegen der noch geringen Patientenzahl wurden die Patienten aus beiden Studien gemeinsam ausgewertet. Bei allen Patienten, die mit Anti-Lipoid A-Antikörpern behandelt wurden, zeigte sich ein deutlicher Titeranstieg des Anti-Lipoid A (IgG und IgM). Bei Patienten mit rezidivierenden gramnegativen Infektionen fanden sich im Mittel höhere Anti-Lipoid A-Titer (IgG und IgM) als bei Patienten ohne derartige Anamnese. In der mit Anti-Lipoid A-Antikörpern behandelten Gruppe zeigte sich eine signifikant günstige Beeinflussung des Krankheitsverlaufes. Die schweren Zeichen eines septischen Schocks besserten sich bei sieben der 15 mit Anti-Lipoid A behandelten Patienten und bei zwei von sieben mit Plazebo behandelten Patienten. In der mit Anti-Lipoid A behandelten Gruppe verstarben drei von 15 Patienten, in der Plazebo-behandelten Gruppe zwei von sieben. Dieser Unterschied ist nicht statistisch signifikant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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