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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 56 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background and methods:  Dog dander is one of the most important indoor allergens in Nordic countries. Due to the population flow into cities, the number of dogs in urban areas has increased. Dog allergens can be found practically everywhere indoors. We measured allergen content in indoor air and dust during dog shows. Results:  In facilities used for dog shows, the dog allergen content was exceptionally high, up to 2 100 000 ng Can f 1/g dust, but it can be reduced by proper cleaning. The efficiency of cleaning will remain poor if furniture and textiles are not cleaned or the distribution of airborne allergen cannot be prevented. Conclusions:  Dog shows should not be held in public facilities, such as schools, where a significant proportion of occupants are hypersensitive to dog allergens and may therefore suffer symptoms due to the exposure to dog dander.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 102 (1989), S. 297-304 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Anaphylactic death ; Sudden death, anaphylactic shock ; Schock ; Plötzlicher Tod, anaphylaktischer Schock
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde der Einfluß von Aminoguanidin (Histaminaseinhibitor) und Heparin (Histaminaseliberator) auf den durch Ovalbumin induzierten anaphylaktischen Schock an Meerschweinchen untersucht. Die Tiere starben unbeeinflußt von Medikamenten am Schock. Die Serumhistaminund-cortisolspiegel waren nach dem Schock erhöht, wurden aber durch Heparin gesenkt. Noradrenalin and Adrenalin waren im Plasma ebenfalls erhöht, die Endkonzentration des letzteren wurde durch Heparin gesenkt. Die Lungen waren als Zeichen des Bronchospasmus überbläht. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Rolle des Histamin beim anaphylaktischen Schock und seinen potentiellen Wert für die Beurteilung plötzlicher Todesfälle, bei denen morphologische Veränderungen fehlen oder spärlich sind. Die diagnostische Bedeutung bedarf noch der Bestätigung durch Autopsiestudien. Die Vorbehandlung der Versuchstiere mit Heparin betrifft die Stresshormone, die im Mechanismus des Schocks eine Gegenrolle spielen. Aminoguanidin hat dagegen keinen Einfluß.
    Notes: Summary The modifying effect of aminoguanidine (a histaminase inhibitor) and heparin (a histaminase liberator) on anaphylactic shock in guinea pigs was studied using ovalbumin as an antigen and trigger. The animals died of the shock, the time to death remaining unaltered by the drugs. Serum histamine and cortisol values were high after shock, but were reduced by heparin. Both noradrenaline and adrenaline in plasma were also elevated after shock, the final concentration of the latter being lowered by heparin. The lungs were dilated, indicating bronchoconstriction. The results confirm the role of histamine in anaphylactic shock and its potential value for the diagnosis in this kind of rapid death, in which morphological signs are scarce or lacking. Its diagnostic value still requires confirmation, however, which only autopsy studies can supply. It also appears that pretreatment of the animals with heparin affected the blood cortisol and catecholamines, which are involved in the shock mechanism as countermeasures, although aminoguanidine did not have any effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 102 (1989), S. 377-390 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Severe cold stress ; Hypothermia ; Chlorpromazine, hypothermia ; Kältestreß ; Hypothermie ; Chlorpromazin, Hypothermie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Um die zentralen Auswirkungen eines schweren Kältestresses unter und ohne Einfluß von Chlorpromazin zu untersuchen, wurden Meerschweinchen mit Chlorpromazin oder 0,9% igem NaCl behandelt und für eine Stunde entweder bei einer Umgebungstemperatur von −20°C oder +23°C gehalten. Die Konzetrationen an hypothalamischen NA, DA, 5-HT, MHPG, HVA and 5-HIAA wurden mit HPLC bestimmt. Die Katekolamine im Serum, dem Urin und dem Glaskörper, das Muskel- und Leberglykogen sowie Blutzucker wurden auch bestimmt. Chlorpromazin verursachte eine deutliche Hypothermie bei −20°C und eine geringe Hypothermie bei +23°C. Der Anstieg der hypothalamischen MHPG, 5-HIAA and MHPG/NA sowie 5-HIAA/5-HT in der Kälte indiziert eine noradrenergische und serotonergische Aktivität. Letztgenannte wurde durch Chlorpromazin gehemmt und eine Hemmung von noradrenergischen Neuronen, verursacht durch die Medikamente, konnte nicht ausgeschlossen werden. Chlorpromazin erhöhte den Umsatz von DA unter +23°C und dieselbe Tendenz war unter Kälteeinfluß festzustellen. Die hypothermischen Tiere hatten niedrige Katecholaminwerte im Serum, was eine verminderte sympathische Aktivität indiziert. Die mit Chlorpromazin behandelten Meerschweinchen mit Kälte-Exposition reagierten auf den Kältestreß nicht mit sympathischer Aktivierung; denn NA und Adrenalin wiesen im Urin keine erhöhten Werte auf. DA wurde von allen Chlorpromazin behandelten Tieren ausgeschieden. NA- und DA-Werte im Glaskörper waren als ein Indikator von Kältestreß erhöht und ein Arzneimitteleinfluß konnte in dieser Flüssigkeit nicht nachgewiesen werden.
    Notes: Summary To investigate the effects on the central nervous system of severe cold stress with and without chlorpromazine, guinea pigs were treated with chlorpromazine or 0.9% NaCl and exposed to −20°C or +23°C for 1 h. Hypothalamic noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxy-tryptamine (5-HT), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl ethylene glycol (MHPG), homovanillinic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Serum, urinary and vitreous fluid catecholamines, muscle and liver glycogen, and blood glucose were also measured. Chlorpromazine caused distinct hypothermia at −20°C and slight hypothermia at +23°C. The rise in hypothalamic MHPG, 5-HIAA and MHPG/NA and in 5-HIAA/5-HT ratios in the cold indicate increased noradrenergic and serotonergic activity. The latter was inhibited by chlorpromazine and a drug-induced inhibition of noradrenergic neurons could not be ruled out. Chlorpromazine increased the turnover of DA at room temperature and the same tendency was seen in the cold. The hypothermic animals had low serum catecholamines, indicating diminished sympathetic activity. The chlorpromazine-treated cold-exposed animals did not react to the environmental stress by sympathetic activation, as urinary NA and adrenaline were not elevated, but DA was excreted by all the drug-treated animals. Vitreous fluid NA and DA were elevated as an indicator of cold stress, and no drug effect was seen in this fluid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: tissueadenosine concentration ; acetate effects on coronary flow ; hemodynamics ; phosphorylation potential
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The hemodynamic and metabolic effects of acetate were studied in rats in vivo and in the isolated perfused heart. Hemodynamic parameters, myocardial phosphagens, inorganic phosphate, and adenosine were measured in vivo. Acetate uptake, coronary flow, O2 consumption, parameters of the cellular energy state, and hypoxanthine compounds and their washout were measured in heart perfusion experiments. Heart rate (HR), cardiac output, and the peak derivative of the left ventricular pressure rise (dP/dtmax) increased significantly during acetate infusion in vivo, but mean arterial pressure, systolic arterial pressure, and systemic vascular resistance decreased. Heart muscle ATP concentrations decreased after 7 min of acetate infusion. In vivo cardiac work load (HR·(peak left ventricular pressure)) showed a positive correlation with tissue adenosine concentration and a negative correlation with phosphorylation potential. Acetate uptake in the perfused hearts was about 2.5 μmol/min per gram wet weight. Acctate perfusion increased O2 consumption and coronary flow concomitantly with a decrease in tissue ATP concentration. Tissue AMP and perfusate effluent adenosine concentration and adenosine output increased significantly, perfusate adenosine showing a non-linear positive correlation with coronary flow. The results demonstrate that acetate induces considerable changes in hemodynamics and metabolism in the heart.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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