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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cutaneous restructuration by apple seed phytosterols: from DNA chip analysis to morphological alterations (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 27 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Plant secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, isoflavones and phytosterols have been proposed as cosmetic ingredients displaying anti-aging effects. On the cellular level, however, the activity profiles of these ingredients are only partially understood. In this study we analyzed the effects of apple seed phytosterols on age-related structural and functional parameters using cell biochemical, molecular biological and bioengineering techniques. The expression of age-related genes was studied using skin equivalents and cDNA microarrays. Incubation of skin equivalents with apple seed phytosterols had significant consequences: (i) differential regulation of a set of genes associated with keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, (ii) stimulation of hyaluronic acid synthesis, and (iii) increase of epidermal thickness. In vivo studies revealed that apple seed phytosterols improve skin elasticity and decrease skin roughness. In conclusion, apple seed phytosterols display distinct biological effects and significantly improve the structure and function of mature skin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2005.00259_1.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cosmetic efficacy claims in vitro using a three-dimensional human skin model (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 23 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Synopsis A tissue engineered human skin equivalent is successfully used for the testing of raw materials and cosmetic formulations. This reconstructed skin is supported by a collagen-glycosaminoglycan-chitosan biopolymer in which human keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts were co-cultured to form a tissue that closely reproduces the in vivo architecture of normal human skin and takes into account the complex interactions between epidermis and dermis. On the other hand, dermal and epidermal responses can be assessed separately in the dermal or skin equivalent.The three-dimensional model has important advantages compared to monolayer cell cultures and epidermis models in efficacy testing: (i) the possibility of long-term cultivation with repeated application of cream formulations containing bioactives and (ii) the similarity to human skin concerning the interaction between dermis and epidermis. These similarities include the expression of keratinocyte differentiation markers such as cytokeratin 10, filaggrin and transglutaminase, as well as proteins of the basal lamina (laminin, collagen type IV) and extracellular matrix proteins such as elastin.The efficacy of selected bioactives was determined using different endpoints, for example, stimulation of collagen synthesis in the dermal and skin equivalents was shown in comparison to vitamin C as a positive control. On skin equivalents using immunofluorescence techniques we also demonstrated stimulation of the differentiation marker filaggrin, which is important for skin moisturization. The results could be used for claim substantiation, e.g. for the treatment of dry and aged skin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-2494.2001.00098.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Comparison of Biological Activities of a New Soya Biopeptide Studied in an In Vitro Skin Equivalent Model and Human Volunteers (1999)
    Dordrecht, The Netherlands : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 21 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: During aging, the epidermis and dermis become thin and an efficient anti-aging product should be able to stimulate the metabolism of senescent fibroblast and keratinocytes, in order to increase the quantity of extra-cellular matrix components such as collagen and glycosaminoglycans. A study performed in parallel on an in vitro skin equivalent model, and in vivo, with human volunteers, demonstrated the efficacy of one specific soya biopeptide for anti-aging properties.Such a biopeptide induces a significant increase of glycosaminoglycans synthesis in vitro and in vivo after a one-month treatment. We also showed that this new cosmetic ingredient is able to stimulate favourably the collagen synthesis in vitro and in vivo.This study provided the proof for anti-aging properties of a new soya biopeptide and also validated the skin equivalent model developed for this experimentation as an alternative method to animal or human testing for some cosmetic efficacy evaluations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-2494.1999.211929.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipoprotein Creams: Utilization of Multifunctional Ingredients for the Preparation of Cosmetic Emulsions with Excellent Skin Compatibility (1999)
    Dordrecht, The Netherlands : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 21 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Lipoproteins are plant-derived surface-active biopolymers, which act as emulsifying as well as viscosity-enhancing agents in oil-in-water emulsions. Depending on the degree of hydrolization, lipoproteins are dispersible or even soluble in water. In the presence of low to medium polar oils, lipoproteins are adsorbed and align at the oil-water interface, whereas in mixtures with high polar oils the lipoproteins are repelled from the oil-water interface. The water-dispersible lipoproteins show higher interfacial activity than the hydrolysates.Lipoproteins bear a negative electric charge in aqueous dispersions at pH 6.5, which is probably the reason for the stabilization of oil droplets against coalescence. Lipoprotein creams were characterized in terms of particle size, rheology, and emulsion stability against sedimentation, which was evaluated by a near-infrared sedimentometer.After topical application, emulsion stability breaks down and an emulsion film is formed on the skin surface. Lipoprotein creams cause a distinct increase in skin pliability and skin moisture and show excellent skin compatibility. In a home use test the panelists appreciated the cosmetic and caring properties of the lipoprotein cream.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-2494.1999.201639.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Energiströmung bei Röntgenstrahl-Interferenzen in Kristallen (1952)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 5 (1952), S. 619-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-5520
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0365110X52001726
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Der Teilchenstrom bei Raumgitterinterferenzen von Materiewellen (1953)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 6 (1953), S. 217-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-5520
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0365110X53000612
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Absorption der Röntgenstrahlen in Kristallen im Interferenzfall (1949)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 2 (1949), S. 106-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-5520
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0365110X49000242
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Crystalline State. II. The Optical Principles of the Diffraction of X-rays by R. W. James (1950)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 3 (1950), S. 322-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-5520
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0365110X50000914
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Odorant-binding proteins and their role in the detection of plant odours (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 80 (1996), S. 15-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: pheromone-binding protein ; general odorant-binding protein ; sensillum trichodeum ; sensillum basiconicum ; Lepidoptera ; immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194714
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über den niedervoltigen Lichtbogen in Helium (1923)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 20 (1923), S. 83-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird gezeigt, daß der scheinbar mit einer Gleichstromspannung von weniger als 20 Volt in Helium brennende (abnorm niedervoltige) Lichtbogen dadurch zustande kommt, daß Schwingungen im Bogen vorhanden sind, die die Spannung an den Elektroden zeitweise bis auf über 20 Volt hinaufdrücken. Die in den Zeigerinstrumenten und Widerständen vorhandene Selbstinduktion der Apparatur ist zum Bestehen des Bogens notwendig, aber die Frequenz kann nicht aus der Thomsonschen Formel berechnet werden. Die Tonhöhe ist vielmehr noch von der Bogenstromstärke, der Heiztemperatur, dem Elektrodenabstand usw. abhängig.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01327922
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