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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 12 (1997), S. 243-245 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé. Les résultats de la réparation isolée du sphincter interne ont étéévalués chez cinq patients présentant une incontinence anale persistante après un geste chirurgical ayant lésé le sphincter interne. Tous présentaient une incontinence passive pour les solides et les liquides. Les symptômes, les résultats de la manométrie ano-rectale et de l'échographie endo-anale ont étéévalués avant et après correction chirurgicale. Après l'intervention, trois patients se disent améliorés mais présentent toujours des symptômes persistants; aucun patient n'a retrouvé une continence complète. Trois patients présentent une augmentation de la pression de repos et de la pression de contraction maxi-male mais chez un seul patient, ces valeurs sont dans la limite de la norme. En post-opératoire, l'échographie endo-anale montre une persistance du défect du sphincter interne chez tous les cas et dans deux, cet examen met en évidence une lésion méconnue du sphincter externe. Bien que quelques patients se sentent améliorés, les résultats cliniques manométriques et radiologiques après réparation du sphincter anal interne sont décevants.
    Notizen: Abstract. The results of repair to the internal and sphincter alone has been evaluated in five patients with persistent anal incontinence following surgery which affected the internal anal sphincter. All had passive incontinence for solid or liquid stool. Symptoms, anorectal manometry, and anal endosonography were evaluated before and after surgery. After surgery three patients felt improved but had still persistent symptoms, and no patients achieved full continence. Three patients showed an increased maximal and resting pressure, but only one of them was within the normal range. Post operatively, all the anal ultrasound scans showed a persistent internal sphincter defect, and two showed an unsuspected external anal sphincter defect. Although some patients felt symptomatically improved, the overall clinical, manometric and radiological findings after internal and sphincter repair were disappointing.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 24 (1999), S. 309-312 
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Pudendal nerve—Pudendal canal syndrome—Computed tomographic guidance.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Chronic anoperineal pain without any apparent etiology may be caused by compression of the pudendal nerve. This presentation illustrates the course of the pudendal nerve and the technique of computed tomography-guided infiltration of the nerve.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Schlagwort(e): Anal incontinence ; Clinical presentation ; Anal motility ; Anorectal manometry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The aim of this work was to analyze clinical symptoms in light of anorectal manometry results. We compared the frequency of clinical symptoms in relation with the presence or absence of functional anomalies. Using this methodology, the following relationships may be suggested: the need to wear a pad, with a decreased resting pressure at the upper part of the anal canal; the inability to delay rectal evacuation, with decreased anal voluntary contraction; interference of incontinence with social activities, with decreased duration of anal voluntary contraction; urinary symptoms, with an increased threshold volume of rectal distention needed to elicit the rectoanal inhibitory reflex; and complete rectal prolapse, with reduced length of the anal canal.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 36 (1993), S. 55-60 
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Schlagwort(e): Anal canal ; Sensitivity ; Evoked cortical potentials
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We describe the procedure with which cortical potential responses are evoked by a stimulation of the anal canal to assess the integrity of its sensory pathways. These potentials were recorded in 66 patients. In 44 patients, a cortical evoked response was obtained with a succession of positive and negative peaks, W shaped (35 cases) or V shaped (nine cases). In seven cases, cortical responses were interpreted differently by two independent observers. In these seven patients, such differences could be explained by an insufficient amplification of the recorded electrical waves recorded on paper (〈10 mm). Fifteen patients gave no cortical response. Eight had a neurologic disease that could explain the lack of response. In the seven others, the absence of response was considered as false negative, but six of these stimulations had been carried out during the first part of the study. There is some evidence that cortical evoked potentials may be obtained after an electrical stimulation of the anal canal, but a training period seems necessary to master the technique and obtain reproducible and recognizable responses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 43 (2000), S. 813-820 
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Schlagwort(e): Fecal incontinence ; Sphincteroplasty ; Sphincter defect
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract PURPOSE: This study was designed to analyze critically the short-term and long-term outcome of sphincteroplasty and to identify high-risk factors. METHODS: Eighty-six patients with fecal incontinence associated with an ultrasound defect of the external anal sphincter were treated by anal sphincteroplasty. Clinical and physiologic assessment was made before surgery, and clinical evaluation was made three months and an average of 40 months after surgery. RESULTS: The evaluation of 86 patients three months after surgery showed that 42 patients were totally continent (49 percent), 28 were incontinent for gas (33 percent), and 16 still had fecal incontinence (19 percent). Seventy-four patients (86 percent) were contacted 40 months after surgery. Twenty-one patients (28 percent) were totally continent, 17 were incontinent to gas (23 percent), and 36 were incontinent to feces (49 percent). Forty-six percent of patients felt they were clearly improved after surgery. Poor results were associated with an internal anal sphincter defect. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that in the long term, one-third of patients are totally continent after sphincteroplasty. One-half of patients are satisfied, but only if their incontinence to feces has totally disappeared. Results of sphincteroplasty deteriorate with time. One factor in poor prognosis is the presence of an associated defect of the internal anal sphincter.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Schlagwort(e): Chronic anoperineal pain ; Vulvodynia ; Pudendal canal syndrome ; Pudendal neuralgia ; Nerve block ; Pudendal canal decompression
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract PURPOSE: Pudendal neuralgia caused by nerve compression may be improved by surgical decompression of the pudendal nerve. This study was undertaken to determine if clinical symptoms, electrophysiological investigations, and the efficacy of preoperative pudendal nerve blocks could be used to predict the efficacy of surgery. METHODS: Twelve consecutive patients complaining of anal pain, genital pain, or both, exacerbated in the sitting position and unsuccessfully treated by analgesic drugs before referral were studied. In these 12 patients decompression of the pudendal nerve was performed after unsuccessful CT-guided injection of corticosteroids in the pudendal nerve at the ischial spine or after pain relapse following successful injections. Nineteen nerves were decompressed by surgery, and the compressed area was located between the sacrospinal and sacrotuberal ligaments for 18 nerves. RESULTS: Three months after surgery, four patients were totally relieved, and three were only partially improved. After 21 months of follow-up, three patients were cured, one was slightly improved, and eight remained in pain. In the three patients cured by surgery, pain completely disappeared for at least two weeks after a nerve block repeated twice before surgery, whereas pain relief was observed in only one of the nine other patients (P=0.018). None of the three patients cured by surgery were being treated for depression, whereas six of the nine remaining patients were receiving antidepressants or were followed by a psychiatrist (P=0.09). Results of surgery did not depend on other preoperative clinical or electrophysiological data. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary study suggests that complete disappearance of pain for at least two weeks after a nerve block repeated twice before surgery may be the best criterion to predict success. Based on this criterion, surgery would have been performed in four patients in this study, of whom three would have been cured.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé Afin d'évaluer les liens existant entre les troubles gastro-intestinaux et les abus sexuels, nous avons interrogé 344 patients consultant un hôpital universitaire spécialisé dans les soins tertiaires ou un gastroentérologue en pratique privée quant à l'éventualité d'abus sexuels. Quarante % des patients souffrant de troubles digestifs de la partie terminale de l'intestin mentionnent avoir été victimes d'abus sexuels en comparaison à seulement 10% des patient proteurs d'une lésion organique (P〈0.0003). La prévalence était similaire en pratique privée qu'en hôpital universitaire. Les patients victimes d'abus sexuels se plaignent plus volontiers de constipation (P〈0.003) et de diarrhées (P〈0.04). L'anisme est noté plus fréquemment chez les patients qui ont été abusés sexuellement (P〈0.002). La prévalence des abus sexuels est 4 fois plus importante chez les patients qui se plaignent de lésions de la partie distale de l'intestin que chez ceux qui se plaignent de troubles moteurs fonctionnels de la partie proximale de l'intestion (P〈0.002). Cette étude confirme la prévalence élevée d'une anamnèse d'abus sexuels parmi les patients consultant pour des troubles fonctionnels moteurs de l'intestin, quel que soient les modalités du recrutement. Elle démontre que l'association est bien plussignificative chez les patients qui se plaignent de troubles fonctionnels de la partie distale que de la partie proximale de l'intestin; les plaintes majeures des patients abusés sexuellement sont la constipation et la diarrhée.
    Notizen: Abstract To evaluate the links between gastrointestinal disorders and sexual abuse, we asked 344 patients consulting in a specialized tertiary care university hospital or a gastroenterologist in private practice, if they had been sexually abused. Forty per cent of patients suffering from lower functional digestive disorder gave a history of having been victims of sexual abuse in contrast to only 10% of patients with organic diseases (P〈0.0003). The prevalence was similar in private practice and in the university hospital. Abused patients were more likely to complain of constipation (P〈0.03) and diarrhoea (P〈0.04). Anismus was more frequent in patients who had been sexually abused (P〈0.02). The prevalence of abuse was four times greater in patients with lower than with upper functional motor disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (P〈0.002). This study confirms the large prevalence of a past history of sexual abuse among patients consulting for gastrointestinal tract functional disorder, and this whatever the kind of recruitment may be. It shows the association to be much stronger in patients who have a lower rather than an upper gastrointestinal dysfunction, the major complaint of abused patients being constipation and diarrhoea.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 11 (1996), S. 187-190 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé. Ce travail avait pour but de savoir si, chez les patients victimes d'abus sexuel, le biofeedback est utile et s'il doit être associéà une psychothérapie. Quinze femmes âgées de 41,2±4,1 ans, victimes d'abus sexuel dans l'enfance (9 cas) ou à l'âge adulte (6 cas), se plaignant de troubles fonctionnels intestinaux ont été inclues. La manométrie anorectale a montré un anisme dans tous les cas. Les patientes étaient libres de choisir le biofeedback, et/ou une psychothérapie de groupe et/ou une psychothérapie individuelle. Quand cela était nécessaire, un traitement antidépresseur était associé après évaluation psychique. Initialement, toutes les malades choisirent le biofeedback et aucune n'accepta la psychothérapie. Huit patients entreprirent une psychothérapie après plusieurs semaines de biofeedback. Treize patientes achevèrent l'étude: cinq avaient été traitées par biofeedback seul, cinq associèrent biofeedback et psychothérapie de groupe, trois biofeedback et psychothérapie individuelle. Huit femmes guérirent complètement de leurs troubles fonctionnels intestinaux, mais seulement deux d'entre elles avaient été traitées par biofeedback sans psychothérapie. Conclusion: Le biofeedback seul n'a pas toujours été suffisant pour guérir nos patientes abusées mais a été cependant choisi initialement par toutes les malades. Il pourrait constituer initialement une réponse aux plaintes des patientes à un moment où elles ne sont encore prêtes à entreprendre une psychothérapie.
    Notizen: Abstract. This work aimed to see whether (1) biofeedback is useful and (2) whether it needs to be combined with psychotherapy in sexually abused patients with anismus. Fifteen women aged 41.2±4.1 years who had experienced sexual abuse in childhood (9 cases) or adulthood (6 cases) and complained of symptoms of irritable bowel disease were studied. Anismus was recorded during anorectal manometry in all cases. Patients were free to choose biofeedback and/or group psychotherapy and/or individual psychotherapy. When necessary, psychoactive drugs were prescribed after a psychiatric evaluation. Initially all the patients chose biofeedback and none accepted psychotherapy. Eight patients accepted psychotherapy after several weeks of biofeedback. Thirteen patients completed the study: 5 treated by biofeedback alone, 5 with biofeedback and group therapy, and 3 with biofeedback and individual psychotherapy. Eight women recovered completely from their symptoms, only two of whom had had biofeedback without psychotherapy. Conclusion: Biofeedback alone was not always sufficient to cure abused patients, but was chosen initially by all the patients. It could initially be a middle path between somatic treatment and psychotherapy, at a time when patients are not yet ready to undertake the latter.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 12 (1997), S. 335-339 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé. Le but de cette étude est de déterminer la fiabilité des potentiels évoqués corticaux après stimulation électrique du canal anal. Des potentiels évoqués corticaux ont été enregistrés chez 243 patients se plaignant de douleurs périnéales (28 patients), d'impuissance (55 patients) d'incontinence fécale (52 patients), d'incontinence urinaire (30 patients), de constipation (49 patients), et chez 29 patients neurologiques, par stimulation du sphincter anal externe et du pénis ou du clitoris. La reproductibilité inter- et intra-observateurs a étéétudiée par codage des interprétations données par trois observateurs à l'occasion de deux évaluations distinctes. L'influence des caractéristiques de l'enregistrement et des données cliniques a été déterminée. Afin d'étudier le rôle de l'opérateur, cinq opérateurs ont investigué les patients mais un seul était particulièrement entraîné pour cette investigation. L'interprétation des courbes d'enregistrement par les observateurs était peu reproductible dans 15% des cas, dépendant du temps écoulé entre les deux lectures et dépendant de la qualité de l'enregistrement. L'interprétation de la réponse cérébrale après la stimulation anale est dépendante de l'observateur et influencée par sa connaissance des données cliniques. Ceci a également été observée avec la mesure des potentiels corticaux évoqués après stimulation du pénis ou du clitoris, toutefois dans une moindre mesure. La méthode du potentiel évoqué cérébral est également dépendante de l'opérateur, particulièrement après la stimulation anale. Lorsque une étude des potentiels corticaux évoqués par stimulation périnéale est nécessaire en pratique clinique, il semble logique de préférer la technique des potentiels corticaux évoqués par stimulation du pénis ou du clitoris, car ils semblent plus faciles à obtenir que ceux observés après stimulation anale si les investigateurs ne sont pas particulièrement familiers avec les méthodes électrophysiologiques et, car les premiers sont davantage opérateurs et observateurs dépendants.
    Notizen: Abstract. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of cortical evoked potentials after electrical stimulation of the anal canal. Cortical evoked potentials were recorded on 243 patients presenting with perineal pain (28 patients), impotence (55 patients), anal incontinence (52 patients), urinary continence (30 patients), constipation (49 patients), and on 29 neurological patients, by stimulating the external anal sphincter and penis (or clitoris). The inter- and intra-observer reproducibility was studied by coding recordings interpreted by three different observers on two separate occasions. The influence of recording characteristics and clinical data were assessed. To study operator dependence, five operators investigated the patients. Only one of them was well trained in this technique. The interpretation of the coded curves by the observers was poorly reproducible in about 15% of cases, depending on time between the two readings and the quality of recordings. The interpretation of cerebral responses after anal stimulation were observer-dependent and influenced by the knowledge of clinical data. This was also observed with cortical evoked potentials after electrical stimulation of the penis or clitoris, but to a lesser extent. The cerebral evoked potentials method was also operator-dependent, mainly after anal stimulation. When a study of cortical evoked potentials by perineal stimulation is needed in clinical practice, it seems logical to prefer cortical evoked potentials by penile or clitoral stimulation as they seem easier to obtain than those evoked by anal stimulation if the investigators are not well trained for the performance of electrophysiological studies as the former are much less operator- and observer-dependent.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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