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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this study was to assess (a) the incidence of perineal descent and (b) the relationship between radiological abnormalities of the pelvic floor and rectoanal manometric disturbances in patients consulting for constipation. Lateral radiographs in both the left lateral and supine positions studied pelvic floor descent. Results obtained in the 25 patients (mean age 47 years) studied were compared with those of 12 controls (mean age 58 years). Pelvic floor descent, never seen in controls, was demonstrated in 14 patients who were older (53±3 years, mean ±SD) than the 11 with a normal radiological examination (38±3 years,p〈0.05). Anal low pressures (3 cases) and a low amplitude of rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) (5 cases) were shown only in patients with perineal descent and anal high pressures only in those with normal radiology. Our results suggest that (a) perineal descent is a common finding in over 50% of constipated patients and (b) anorectal motility is related to pelvic floor function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. Le but de cette étude est de déterminer la fiabilité des potentiels évoqués corticaux après stimulation électrique du canal anal. Des potentiels évoqués corticaux ont été enregistrés chez 243 patients se plaignant de douleurs périnéales (28 patients), d'impuissance (55 patients) d'incontinence fécale (52 patients), d'incontinence urinaire (30 patients), de constipation (49 patients), et chez 29 patients neurologiques, par stimulation du sphincter anal externe et du pénis ou du clitoris. La reproductibilité inter- et intra-observateurs a étéétudiée par codage des interprétations données par trois observateurs à l'occasion de deux évaluations distinctes. L'influence des caractéristiques de l'enregistrement et des données cliniques a été déterminée. Afin d'étudier le rôle de l'opérateur, cinq opérateurs ont investigué les patients mais un seul était particulièrement entraîné pour cette investigation. L'interprétation des courbes d'enregistrement par les observateurs était peu reproductible dans 15% des cas, dépendant du temps écoulé entre les deux lectures et dépendant de la qualité de l'enregistrement. L'interprétation de la réponse cérébrale après la stimulation anale est dépendante de l'observateur et influencée par sa connaissance des données cliniques. Ceci a également été observée avec la mesure des potentiels corticaux évoqués après stimulation du pénis ou du clitoris, toutefois dans une moindre mesure. La méthode du potentiel évoqué cérébral est également dépendante de l'opérateur, particulièrement après la stimulation anale. Lorsque une étude des potentiels corticaux évoqués par stimulation périnéale est nécessaire en pratique clinique, il semble logique de préférer la technique des potentiels corticaux évoqués par stimulation du pénis ou du clitoris, car ils semblent plus faciles à obtenir que ceux observés après stimulation anale si les investigateurs ne sont pas particulièrement familiers avec les méthodes électrophysiologiques et, car les premiers sont davantage opérateurs et observateurs dépendants.
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of cortical evoked potentials after electrical stimulation of the anal canal. Cortical evoked potentials were recorded on 243 patients presenting with perineal pain (28 patients), impotence (55 patients), anal incontinence (52 patients), urinary continence (30 patients), constipation (49 patients), and on 29 neurological patients, by stimulating the external anal sphincter and penis (or clitoris). The inter- and intra-observer reproducibility was studied by coding recordings interpreted by three different observers on two separate occasions. The influence of recording characteristics and clinical data were assessed. To study operator dependence, five operators investigated the patients. Only one of them was well trained in this technique. The interpretation of the coded curves by the observers was poorly reproducible in about 15% of cases, depending on time between the two readings and the quality of recordings. The interpretation of cerebral responses after anal stimulation were observer-dependent and influenced by the knowledge of clinical data. This was also observed with cortical evoked potentials after electrical stimulation of the penis or clitoris, but to a lesser extent. The cerebral evoked potentials method was also operator-dependent, mainly after anal stimulation. When a study of cortical evoked potentials by perineal stimulation is needed in clinical practice, it seems logical to prefer cortical evoked potentials by penile or clitoral stimulation as they seem easier to obtain than those evoked by anal stimulation if the investigators are not well trained for the performance of electrophysiological studies as the former are much less operator- and observer-dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 34 (1991), S. 409-415 
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: EMG activity of the external anal sphincter ; Complete spinal cord transection ; Human ; Anorectal manometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Six patients with complete transection of the spinal cord and six healthy volunteers were examined by using anorectal manometry together with electromyographic (EMG) recording of the external anal sphincter composed of striated muscle. Anal pressure and EMG activity of the external anal sphincter were continuously-recorded at rest and during gradual rectal distention (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 ml) by means of an air-filled balloon eliciting a rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) at the upper part, and an inflation reflex (IR) at the lower part of the anal canal. All patients and controls had a RAIR for each rectal distention volume. A relationship between the duration of the RAIR and the rectal distention volume was present in controls only. In controls the IR was present for each rectal distention volume, whereas it was present in only one patient for a 40-ml volume. During the resting period, all controls showed continuous tonic EMG activity of the external anal sphincter, but after 30 minutes all the patients showed a decrease and ultimately in five cases a disappearance of the tonic EMG activity of the external anal sphincter. In spinal patients, the presence or absence of EMG activity of the external anal sphincter did not modify the anal canal pressure. These results indicate that: 1) the tonic EMG activity of the external anal sphincter seems to be under the control of supraspinal structures, because in spinal patients it disappears in the absence of sensitive inputs toward the spinal cord; 2) the absence of EMG activity at rest indicates that the external anal sphincter is not implicated in the RAIR disturbances observed in spinal patients; 3) the IR is not a spinal reflex but is under voluntary control, because it is not present in spinal humans; 4) in spinal humans the tonic EMG activity of the external anal sphincter does not play a role in the maintenance of the anal pressure at rest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Anal incontinence ; Clinical presentation ; Anal motility ; Anorectal manometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this work was to analyze clinical symptoms in light of anorectal manometry results. We compared the frequency of clinical symptoms in relation with the presence or absence of functional anomalies. Using this methodology, the following relationships may be suggested: the need to wear a pad, with a decreased resting pressure at the upper part of the anal canal; the inability to delay rectal evacuation, with decreased anal voluntary contraction; interference of incontinence with social activities, with decreased duration of anal voluntary contraction; urinary symptoms, with an increased threshold volume of rectal distention needed to elicit the rectoanal inhibitory reflex; and complete rectal prolapse, with reduced length of the anal canal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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