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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports 5 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0838
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Sports Science
    Notes: During the years 1980–1989, 450 patients with an acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture were treated at the University Hospital of Tampere, Finland. ACL ruptures were diagnosed by arthroscopy or open surgery. The data were analyzed in terms of patient age, sex, injury etiology, injury type and sports activity to determine the trends in the 1980s. The number of ACL tears seen in the Hospital increased by 247% over this period. Sixty-three percent of the patients were male (mean age 33 years) and 37% female (mean age 39 years), and there were no changes in the sex and age distribution in 1980s. The most common injury type was the isolated ACL rupture (51%), followed by a combination injury of the ACL and medial collateral ligament (38%). Isolated ACL ruptures in the 1980s increased 6.5 times. Sports accounted for 54% of all injuries with out any sign of change in their relative proportion in 1980s. The most common sports causing the rupture were soccer (29%), downhill skiing (20%), cross-country skiing (12%) and volleyball (12%). From 1980 to 1989, there was a decrease (2 times) in ACL injuries sustained in crosscountry skiing and a substantial (30 times) increase in ACL injuries sustained in downhill skiing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. Il a été démontré que la protéine morphogénétique osseuse (BMP) est un facteur important dans le pronostic des affections osseuses. Dans un développement osseux normal, cette protéine induit la formation de nouveau tissu osseux et contribue, par exemple, dans les fractures, à la consolidation. Dans les affections malignes, la fonction précise de la BMP reste inconnue. Dans la présente étude, la concentration de protéine morphogénétique osseuse a été mesurée dans des tumeurs osseuses primaires à l’aide de deux méthodes. L’intensité de coloration locale de la BMP a été détectée immunohistochimiquement par la méthode avidine-biotine-péroxydase, déterminant le titre le plus élevé de dilution d’antisérum par rapport à la BMP bovine (bBMP); le résultat de la coloration a été positif. Le total de protéine morphogénétique osseuse présent dans un échantillon de tumeur a été mesuréà l’aide d’un dosage enzymatique immuno-absorbant (ELISA) aprés digestion du tissu avec de la collagénase pour retirer les protéines du tissu conjonctif. La coloration immunohistochimique a montré que la BMP se localisait dans les cytoplasmes et dans le tissu osseux réactif formé par les cellules malignes. La plus forte concentration locale de BMP a été trouvée dans le tissu des cellules géantes de la tumeur dans chondrosarcome, l’ostéosarcome et les tumeurs osseuses bénignes. Le total de BMP présent dans les tumeurs osseuses malignes était 2.4 fois supérier à celui décelé dans les tumeurs osseuses bénignes.
    Notes: Summary. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) has been shown to be one of the significant factors in the prognosis of bone tumours. In normal development BMP induces new bone formation and later takes part in fracture healing, but its function in malignant tumours is not known. In this study the concentration of bone morphogenetic protein was measured in primary bone tumours by two methods. Local staining intensity was detected immunohistologically by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method determining the highest dilution of anti-serum against bovine bone morphogenetic protein. The total amount of BMP in a tumour sample was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique after digesting the tissue with collagenase to remove proteins from the connective tissue. Immunohistochemical staining showed that bone morphogenetic protein was present in the cytoplasm and in reactive bone formed by malignant cells. The local concentration was highest in the tissue of giant cell tumours compared to chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma and benign bone tumours. The total amount in malignant bone tumours was 2.4 times higher compared to benign bone tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé  Nous avons étudié l’effet d’un implant composite, fait de corail imprégné de protéine de la morphogenèse osseuse (BMP) bovine, sur la consolidation d’une perte de substance de 2 cm de l’os ulnaire canin. Des implants comprennent du corail simple ou des autogreffes d’os cortical étaient employées comme contrôles. Une fixation temporaire intramedullaire de 9 semaines était réalisée, soit avec des broches de Kirschner (6 os ulnaires avec un implant composite, 6 avec du corail simple, et 6 avec une autogreffe), soit avec une plaque-à-vis (3 avec un implant composite et 3 avec du corail simple). Des radiographies étaient prises 3, 6, 9, 12, 16, 26 et 36 semaines aprés la mise en place des implants, et des tests mécaniques de torsion étaient réalisées en fin d’étude. Aprés 16 semaines, les taux de formation et d’union osseuses étaient significativement plus élevés avec les implants composites qu’avec les implants de corail simple, mais des taux encore plus élevés étaient observés dans les essais avec les autogreffes. La BMP a accéleré la résorption de l’implant de corail. La résistance mécanique des os avec un implant composite était plus forte que celle des os ayant un implant de corail simple (P〈0.05), alors que la résistance mécanique des os traités par une autogreffe était plus forte (P〈0.01) que celle des os ayant un implant de corail, avec ou sans BMP. En conclusion, la BMP améliore le pouvoir de consolidation des implants de corail qui reste cependant inférieur à celui observé avec les autogreffes.
    Notes: Abstract  We studied the effect of a composite implant consisting of coral and native bovine bone morphogene-tic protein (BMP) on the healing of 2 cm segmental defects in the canine ulna. Plain coral and cortical autograft bone implants were used as controls. The fixation was temporary for 9 weeks with an intramedullary Kirschner wire (6 ulnas with a composite implant of coral and BMP, 6 with plain coral and 6 with an autograft) or a plate and screws (3 ulnas with a composite implant and 3 with plain coral). X-rays were taken at 3, 6, 9, 12, 16, 26 and 36 weeks, and mechanical torsion tests were performed at the end of the study. The score for bone formation and bone union evaluated from radiographs was significantly higher in the composite implant group than in the plain coral group at 16 weeks, but the score was even higher with autografts. BMP accelerated the resorption of the coral implant. The mechanical strength of the composite implants was higher than that of the bones with a plain coral implant (P〈0.05), while the mechanical strength of the coral implants, even with BMP, was significantly lower than the strength of autografts (P〈0.01). In conclusion, BMP enhanced the capacity of a coral implant to heal a segmental ulnar defect by increasing bone formation, but the effect of this combination was not as good as that of a cortico-cancellous autograft.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. La protéine morphogénétique osseuse (BMP) est extraite d’os d’élan fraichement collectés durant la période de chasse. De la BMP d’élan partiellement purifiée (mBMP) est ensuite implantée dans les tissus musculaires postérieurs de souris, avec ou sans les porteurs suivants: collagène de type IV, dérivés de corail hydroxyapatite, et céramiques de phosphate tricalcium (TCP). La BMP et les porteurs sont précipités ensemble et concentrés dans des sacs à dialyse, lyophilizés, et implantés dans 132 souris BALB. L’activité de la BMP est alors mesurée par le degrés d’intégration de calcium 45 dans le nouvel os minéralisé. Le degrés d’intégration de calcium45 s’avère être élevé dans les composés de mBMP et de collagène de type IV, ou de BMP seule, mais les niveaux les plus élevés concernant l’activité de la BMP apparaissent dans les souris où sont implantés des composés de dérivés de corail hydroxyapatite et de mBMP, de façon significativement plus importante qu’avec les composés TCP. Des différences notables sont mesurés entre les implants sans porteurs et dans des compośes ayant d’identiques porteurs, et des doses gradués de 4 à 8 mg de mBMP, les porteurs augmentent l’activité ostéoinductive de la mBMP. Hypothétiquement, la construction multi-poreuse et les caractéristiques chimiques de la structure dérivée du corail combinée avec l’activité biologique du collagène de type IV, devraient promouvoir un transfer de mBMP aux récepteurs de la membrane des cellules mésenchymales.
    Notes: Summary. Few studies have been performed to investigate the characteristics of native Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP). We derived 5.85 g of native moose BMP from 102 kg of fresh moose bone and performed chromatographic studies to characterise its structure. We found the BMP molecule to have a molecular weight of 11 – 700 kDa. To investigate the ideal local delivery system for BMP we used porous discs as a carrier. These were implanted into 132 mice. The volume of new bone formed was evaluated by means of histological specimens, radiographs and isotope studies. The best results were obtained by implanting porous discs (coral and ceramic) with type IV collagen and BMP. We suggest that this is the best delivery system for future experiments regarding the acton of BMP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Hip arthroplasty ; Leg length inequality ; Weight-bearing radiography ; Leg length measurement ; Hip arthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Alteration of the length of the lower limb was measured in 39 patients undergoing total hip replacement. Radiographs were taken in the erect posture prior to operation and 6 months postoperatively. The inequality of limb length was measured by the difference between the height of the vertices of the femoral heads and by the difference between the lowest points of the ischial tuberosities. The change of the length was measured intraoperatively as the difference observed between two reference points: one above the acetabulum and the other on the proximal femur. Good correlation was obtained between the change of the limb length made intraoperatively and the change in the limb length using the ischial tuberosities as reference points; no correlation was observed when the vertices of the femoral heads were the reference points. Inequality of limb length can be radiologically determined before and after total hip arthroplasty. Femoral and prosthetic heads are not good reference points for measurement. The difference in the height of the ischial tuberosities demonstrates inequality of limb functional length as it reflects the tilting of the pelvis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. Nous avons étudié l’action d’un composite comprenant un cylindre de corail, une protéine morphogénétique xénogénique extraite de l’os de souris et du collagène de type IV, sur la consolidation la résistance mécanique et la réponse immune d’une perte de substance diaphysaire. L’étude au scanner à 6 semaines a montré une réduction significative du cal dans le groupe composite. A 16 semaines, la résistance à la torsion, la déformation angulaire maximale et la solidité des cals consolidés ont été respectivement de 113%, 117% et 120% dans le groupe controle, et de 67%, 92% et 79% dans le groupe composite, comparées au tibiai contralatéral. Dans le groupe composite, il y a eu une élévation significative des anticorps anti-mBMP. L’augmentation de la formation osseuse au stade précoce et la diminuation des propriétés mécaniques au stade tardif dans le groupe composite, pourraient être l’expression d’une induction séquentielle de l’ostéogenèse et d’une initiation immune des antigènes mBMP xénogéniques après une greffe hétérotopique.
    Notes: Summary. A composite implant consisting of a coral cylinder, moose bone morphogenetic protein and type IV collagen was used to repair a segmental tibial defect in sheep. Healing, related variance in mechanical strength and immune responses were evaluated. In comparison with a coral control, a larger amount of newly formed external callus was observed in the composite group at 6 weeks. The maximal torque capacity, maximal angular deformation at failure and bone stiffness of a healed osteotomised tibia recovered 113%, 117% and 120% in the coral controls and 67%, 92% and 79% in the composite implants against the corresponding contralateral tibia at 16 weeks respectively. A significantly elevated anti-BMP antibody was detectable in the composite group at 3 and 6 weeks. Augmented bone formation at an early stage and weakened torsional performance at a later stage in the composite implants may indicate the phase-specific osteoinduction and the immune response of xenogenic BMP with time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 22 (1976), S. 260-265 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 161-164 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteoporosis ; Ovary ; Rat ; Vitamin D
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Fifty adult female rats were used to study the effect of 1-alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 (1α-OH-D3)on bone after oophorectomy. The experimental period was 6 months. At the end of the experiment the femurs and the tibias were investigated for bone mass and composition. Significant signs of osteopenia occurred as a result of oophorectomy. The treatment with 1α-OH-D3 induced only minor changes in blood chemistry but increased bone mass significantly. The findings support the view that 1α-OH-D3 may be a valuable tool in the treatment of osteoporosis resulting from ovarian insufficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Co−Cr−Mo endoprostheses with a dual bioactive glass (BG) coating and titanium implants coated with a bioactive glass-ceramic (BGC) were studied under lead-bearing conditions in the rabbit hip. The dual BG coating contained an inner layer of high durability and an outer bioactive layer. Each type of coating improved the stabilization of prosthesis during the experiment period of 8 weeks compared to non-coated control implants. EDXA analysis confirmed the ability of BG and BGC coatings to bond chemically to bone. The BGC coating on titanium alloy proved superior to the dual BG coating on Co−Cr−Mo prosthesis with regard to bone formation on the surface of the implant. The bioactive top layer of the dual BG coating showed resorption, especially in the areas without direct bone contact. This is explained by partial crystallization of the glass during firing. Thermal discrepancy between BGC coating and titanium core caused cracking of the coating, which remains a major obstacle to its use as a bioactive coating.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 6 (1995), S. 242-247 
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Glass compositions for double coatings for a Co-Cr-Mo alloy were developed. The glass compositions were chosen to fulfil such requirements as matching thermal expansion, low glass transition temperature and moderate solubility. For the ground coat a fairly high durability is required, whereas the cover coat must be bioactive, i.e. become attached to living bone by a chemical bond. Two compositions of each type were developed by computer-aided optimization. The glasses were chosen in the Na2O−CaO−B2O3−Al2O3−SiO2−P2O5 system. The bioactivity was tested in vitro by immersion in a simulated body fluid. The double coatings on Co−Cr−Mo alloy released hexavalent chromium into the solution as detected by yellow colouration and spectrophotometry. This colouration was strong at the margin between coated and uncoated metal and may be explained by oxidation of trivalent chromium of the alloy in the presence of glass. The released chromium did not have any notable effect on the calcium phosphate formation. After replensihing the solution no coloration was observed. This suggests that the chromate is easily dissolved and that it may be possible to wash it out prior to implantation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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