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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on osteopenia induced by prednisolone in adult rats (1982)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 34 (1982), S. 253-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Prednisolone ; Calcium ; Bone ; Corticoid osteopenia ; Vitamin D metabolites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Adult male rats were fed a diet containing 0.15% calcium, 0.3% phosphorus, and either 100, 50, or 20 mg of prednisolone per kg of diet. All these levels of prednisolone led to osteopenia, decreased intestinal absorption of calcium, slightly lower serum calcium and phosphorus, and a decreased level of serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Exogenous parenteral 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 corrected steroid-induced changes in serum calcium and phosphorus, but could not completely correct the low intestinal calcium transport; nor did it prevent the development of osteopenia. The prednisolone-induced osteopenia seems at least in part to be caused by impaired intestinal calcium transport. The impaired calcium transport may be the result of low levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and a direct effect of presnisolone on the intestine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02411246
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone density in medieval skeletons (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 56 (1995), S. 355-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Anthropometry ; Archeology ; Bone density ; Densitometry ; Osteoporosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We studied the most complete skeletons found in an excavation from the 14th and 15th century in central Stockholm. One hundred eighty-seven were from men and 156 from women: 241 individuals were estimated to be between 20 and 39 and 102 between 40 and 59 years old at death. We examined the bones radiographically and by dual photon absorptiometry. The bone mineral density (BMD) was similar to the finding in North America and Northern Europe today as was the relationship between men and women. However, there appeared to be a higher diaphyseal bone density in the lower extremities, especially in men. The femur score was higher and the BMD of the femoral and tibial shafts was higher than today. In the upper extremities the diaphyseal bone density was lower. Meema's index, as well as the metacarpal score, was smaller than in individuals in this century and the BMD of the humeral shaft was also lower than seen today. Overall, the metaphyseal bone density was similar to what we now consider normal; i.e., the mean BMD of the femoral neck was 0.96 g/cm2 in men and 0.90 g/cm2 in women and of the distal radius 0.43 and 0.32 g/cm2, respectively. The low diaphyseal density and in the upper extremities may be related to the nutritional status, whereas the greater need for walking and standing in the 14th and 15th century might have led to the high diaphyseal density in the lower extremities. There was no evidence of bone loss after 40 years of age in either sex in our study. The average expected lifespan for an adult individual was less than 50 years and we suggest that the relatively high bone density in the older age group may be due to selection of the most physically fit. The activity pattern, therefore, may be considered the most important determinant for the differences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301601
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on bone tissue in the rabbit: Studies on fracture healing, disuse osteoporosis, and prednisone osteoporosis (1984)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 36 (1984), S. 591-595 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Fracture ; (Glucocorticoid ; 1,25(OH)2D3 ; Osteoporosis ; Rabbit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary A closed tibial fracture, which was controlled by an intramedullary stainless steel pin, was created in 16 rabbits. Eight rabbits were treated with 75 ng of 1,25(OH)2D3 daily as subcutaneous (s.c.) injections. After three weeks, the fractured tibia resisted a force of 101,7±21.0 Newtons in the control group and 57.3±8.0 Newtons in animals given 1,25(OH)2D3 (m±SE,P〈0.05). In another group of eight rabbits, the left hindleg was immobilized in a plastic splint. Four rabbits were given 75 ng of 1,25(OH)2D3/day s.c. and the effect of immobilization was studied on the calcaneus. Bone ash/cm3 of the calcaneus on the immobilized side was decreased by 11±2% in control rabbits and by 20±2% in the group treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 indicating a more advanced immobilization osteoporosis (m±SE,P〈0.05), which was also demonstrated by studies of bone density. Eighteen rabbits were used in a study of the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on the development of prednisolone osteoporosis. The dose of prednisolone was 2.5 mg per day, given by the oral route. After four months, the density of the femur was 1.53±0.02 g/cm2 in control rabbits and 1.42±0.01 in prednisolonetreated animals (P〈0.01). In rabbits additionally given 1,25(OH)2D3, the mean value for bone density was further lowered (n.s.). It appears that 1,25(OH)2D3 exaggerates disuse osteoporosis and prednisolone osteoporosis and impairs fracture healing in rabbits. These results differ from what has been shown earlier with 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment in the rat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405372
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Remodelling and pain after uncemented total hip replacement (1996)
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 20 (1996), S. 7-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. Nous avons étudié 70 patients après remplacement de la hanche par la prothèse de Lord non-cimenté qui a un corps macrostructuré relativement long. La durée de temps de contrôle était de 9,5 ans. Nous avons comparé les radiographies à une année post-opératoire avec celles obtenue après cinq ans ainsi que les radiographies prises aux derniers contrôles. Vingt-cinq patients (36%) avait une douleur de la cuisse, décrite comme profonde ou superficielle, en relation avec l’activité. Quarante-quatre patients avait un niveau d’activitéélevé (classe de fonction 5 et 6 selon Merle d’Aubigné et Postel). Parmi ces derniers, les patients souffrant de douleurs de la cuisse ont perdu moins d’os cortical proximal en comparaison des patients sans douleur de la cuisse (p 〈0.05). Le premier groupe montrait aussi plus de formation osseuse corticale distale (p 〈0.05). Les patients qui souffraient de douleurs de la cuisse montraient plus souvent des liserés radiographiques incomplets au niveau du milieu du corps de prothèse après cinq années (p 〈0.05), ce qui indiquait probablement un mouvement élastique de l’os plus prononcé par rapport à la prothèse. D’autre part la présence de liserés était en relation directe avec l’augmentation de la taille de l’os cortical après cinq années (p 〈0.01). L’évolution de l’épaisseur corticale a continué après cinq années à tous les niveaux, le sommet de la prothèse excepté (p 〈0.01). Ces faits suggèrent que le mouvement élastique relatif de l’interface pouvait causer la douleur et contribuer au remodelage du femur après remplacement non-cimenté de la hanche.
    Notes: Summary. We studied 70 patients after uncemented hip replacement with the Lord prosthesis which has a relatively long, completely macrotextured stem. The mean follow up was for 9.5 years. We compared radiographs at one year after operation, at 5 years and at the last follow up. Twenty-five patients (36%) had deep or circumferential pain in the thigh. Of the 44 who were most active at 5 years those with thigh pain had less proximal cortical loss than those without (p 〈0.05), most cortical bone formation distally and most often had incomplete radiolucent lines at the mid-stem level, perhaps indicating more elastic displacement of the bone relative to the prosthesis. The presence of radiolucent lines correlated with the increase in cortical width at 5 years (p 〈0.01). Cortical remodelling continued after 5 years at all levels except at the tip (p 〈0.01). The relative elastic displacement at the interface could cause pain and may contribute to the pattern of bone remodelling in the femur after uncemented hip replacement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002640050018
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of 1-alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 on osteoporosis in rats induced by oophorectomy (1979)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 27 (1979), S. 161-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteoporosis ; Ovary ; Rat ; Vitamin D
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Fifty adult female rats were used to study the effect of 1-alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 (1α-OH-D3)on bone after oophorectomy. The experimental period was 6 months. At the end of the experiment the femurs and the tibias were investigated for bone mass and composition. Significant signs of osteopenia occurred as a result of oophorectomy. The treatment with 1α-OH-D3 induced only minor changes in blood chemistry but increased bone mass significantly. The findings support the view that 1α-OH-D3 may be a valuable tool in the treatment of osteoporosis resulting from ovarian insufficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02441179
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tissue reactions to wear products from polyacetal (Delrin®) and UHMW polyethylene in total hip replacement (1987)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 21 (1987), S. 459-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The tissue reaction to implanted materials and their wear products is important for the long-term fixation of a total hip replacement (THR). Recent reports indicate a relatively high incidence of aseptic loosening with Christiansen total hip prostheses. We examined tissue reactions to wear products in two groups of prostheses: (1) 16 Christiansen prostheses with polyacetal (Delrin) sockets, and (2) 18 Charnley-Müller total hip prostheses with ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWP) sockets. Specimens from these 34 patients were compared in a combined qualitative and semiquantitative morphological study. We saw similar histological changes in specimens of both groups, but specimens from the bone-cement interfaces of the acetabulum and femur shaft in the polyacetal group showed more inflammation and necrosis.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820210406
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apparent absence of local response to bone screws in guinea pigs with contact sensitivity (1987)
    Hoboken, NJ [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Orthopaedic Research 5 (1987), S. 604-608 
    Details
    ISSN: 0736-0266
    Keywords: Contact allergy ; Guinea pig ; Metal implants ; Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Guinea pigs sensitized to nickel, cobalt, or chromium were used to study if impaired fixation occurred as a result of allergy against metal implants in bone. Screws made from stainless-steel (ASTM F55, F138-139) or cobalt chromium (ASTM F75-76) were inserted in the right and left proximal tibiae, and the mechanical strength of the fixation to the bone was evaluated after 4 months. In addition, we studied the histology on decalcified sections of the implant bone interface from the distal femur where the same type of screws had been inserted. To see if changes in bone density occurred in the proximal tibia as a result of allergy, the amount of ash was determined. Although the animals maintained their contact sensitivity throughout the experimental period, there were no differences between allergic and control animals for any of the parameters studied. All screws were well fixed in the tibia at the end of the experiment, and histologically we did not find any significant differences between allergic and control animals by qualitative examination. The experiment supports our earlier results from a 6-week experiment and indicates that contact allergy may be unimportant for the fate of orthopedic implants.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jor.1100050417
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