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  • 1
    ISSN: 1534-4681
    Schlagwort(e): Gastric cancer ; Adjuvant chemotherapy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Purpose: To evaluate FAM [5-FU (5-fluorouracil), doxorubicin, mitomycin C] chemotherapy as adjuvant therapy for patients with resected TNM stage I, II, or III gastric carcinoma. Patients and Methods: One hundred ninety-three eligible patients were accrued from 1978 to 1991 in a phase III trial comparing six cycles (1 year) of postoperative FAM chemotherapy with observation only. Results: The median follow-up on this study was 9.5 years. For all patients, no differences (log-rank analysis) in disease-free survival (p=0.45) and overall survival (p=0.57) between FAM therapy (93 cases) and surgery (100 cases) were observed. Quality of surgical resection affected survival irrespective of FAM use. Cases with curative resection, defined in a retrospective review of pathology and surgical reports as cases having no evidence of residual disease in the abdomen and tumor-free margins 〉1 cm, had superior survival compared to cases not meeting these requirements (p〈0.001). FAM was well tolerated with 6% (five of 90) of cases demonstrating grade IV hematologic toxicity. There were two drug-related fatalities (one cardiomyopathy, one hematolytic uremic syndrome). Conclusion: FAM is not effective adjuvant therapy for TNM stage I, II, and III patients with resected gastric cancer. Future adjuvant studies must emphasize prospective surgical quality control to assure enrollment of appropriately staged and resected cases and wide participation to assure adequate case accrual over a reasonable period.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 19 (1995), S. 221-225 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé L'adénocarcinome de l'estomac est un problème important connu dans le monde entier. La seule chance de guérison de ce cancer reste la résection chirurgicale complète emportant aussi les tissus lymphatiques avoisinants. Cinquante à 90% des patients ayant cu une résection de tumeur gastrique maligne, récidivent, cependant, et décèdent de leur cancer. La chimiothérapie seule, par des produits tels la thiotépa et la FUDR, n'a pas été obtenu les succès attendus. De même, la suvie n'est pas améliorée après les associations de 5 FU et de méthyle CCNU, de 5 FU, de l'adriamycine et la mitomycine-C (FAM) ainsi que de la mitomycine-C, du 5 FU et de la cytosine arabinoide. L'association de la radiothérapie à l'administration de la pyrimidine fluorée améliore la survie à distance des patients ayant un cancer résiduel. L'essai actuellement en cours aux Etats-Unis utilise le 5-FU associé à la vincrystine et à la radiothérapie chez les patients ayant eu une résection gastrique pour cancer des stade 1B à IV. Cette étude chirurgicale marche bien et l'on prévoit qu'elle soit terminée en 1.5 à 2 ans.
    Kurzfassung: Resumen El adenocarcinoma del estómago representa un problema significativo en todo el mundo. La única forma de tratamiento curativo del cáncer gástrico es la resección del tumor del estómago con las áreas de drenaje linfático. Sin embargo, hasta 50 a 90% de los pacientes sometidos a resección de un tumor gástrico desarrollan recurrencia y mueren por causa de su cáncer. La quimioterapia adyuvante ha sido utilizada para prevenir la recurrencia del cáncer gástrico luego de la resección quirúrgica. Los agentes únicos, incluyendo Thiotepa y FUDR, no han resultado de beneficio como terapia adyuvante. Tampoco la quimioterapia combinada incluyendo 5-FU + Metil-CCNU, 5-FU + Adriamicina + Mitomicina-C (FAM) y Mitomicina-C + 5-FU + Arabinósido de Citosina. Sin embargo, la modalidad combinada de radiación + pirimidina fluorinada ha resultado en sobrevida a largo plazo de pacientes con cáncer gástrico residual reconocido. El ensayo más nuevo en el cáncer gástrico postoperatorio que se realiza en los Estados Unidos somete a prueba el 5-FU + Leucovorín + irradiación en un estudio prospectivo y randomizado en pacientes con cáncer del estómago en los Estados IB a IV. El estudio, diseñado con un excelente control prospectivo de ealidad, actualmente recluta pacientes y estará completo en 1 1/2 a 2 años.
    Notizen: Abstract Adenocarcinoma of the stomach represents a significant problem worldwide. The only known curative treatment of gastric cancer is complete surgical resection of the stomach tumor with surrounding lymph node-bearing areas. However, as many as 50% to 90% of patients undergoing gastric tumor resection relapse and die of cancer. Adjuvant chemotherapy has been used to prevent recurrence of gastric cancer after surgical resection. Single agents including thiotepa and fluorodeoxyuridine have no benefit as adjuvant therapy. Likewise, combination chemotherapy including 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) plus methyl-CCNU, 5-FU plus Adriamycin plus mitomycin C (FAM), and mitomycin C plus 5-FU plus cytosine arabinoside do not result in overall improved survival. Combined modality irradiation plus fluorinated pyrimidine, however, has resulted in long-term survival of patients with known residual gastric cancer. The newest clinical trial in postoperative gastric cancer being performed in the United States will test 5-FU plus leucovorin plus irradiation in a prospectively randomized study in patients with resected stage IB through stage IV stomach cancer. This surgical study, designed with excellent prospective quality control, is actively accruing patients and will be completed in 1.5 to 2.0 years.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 25 (1990), S. 373-376 
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A total of 38 patients with metastatic melanoma received monthly chemotherapy with cisplatin at a dose of 200 mg/m2, per cycle; 14 received 20 mg/m2 cisplatin i.v. on days 1–5 and 24 were given 100 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1 and 8. Objective responses were seen in 2/14 treated on days 1–5 and in 5 of 22 evaluable subjects receiving cisplatin on days 1 and 8, for an overall response rate of 22%. The median survival of all patients was 6 months, with no significant difference observed between the two schedules. Severe neurotoxicity and myelosuppression were more common in patients treated on days 1–5. Two patients treated in this manner were bedridden due to neurotoxicity and four developed grade 4 leukopenia after the first cycle of chemotherapy. Only one patient treated with the divided-dose schedule became leukopenic during the first cycle, and none of the patients were debilitated by neurotoxicity. Thrombocytopenia was statistically more severe. Nausea and vomiting, fatigue, ototoxicity, and paresthesia were seen with equal frequency. Very high doses of cisplatin can be delivered with acceptable toxicity using a divided-dose schedule. As the response rate on this schedule appeared to be comparable with that achieved on the more toxic consecutive 5-day schedule, the former deserves to be tested in diseases known to show a dose response to cisplatin. However, in melanoma, administration of 200 mg/m2 per course did not appear to be associated with a markedly improved response rate, compared with cisplatin alone at “standard” doses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Suggestions of a dose-response effect for cisplatin in non-small-cell lung cancer have contributed to the development of very high-dose cisplatin regimens (200 mg/m2 per cycle). We treated 53 eligible patients with metastatic or recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer with a combination of 100 mg/m2 cisplatin and 4 mg/m2 vinblastine, each given on days 1 and 8 of a 28-day cycle. We observed no complete response and 4 partial responses (8%). Median survival was 6 months. Toxicities of grade III or greater included leukopenia (11 cases), nausea/vomiting (6 cases), thrombocytopenia (2 cases), anemia (2 cases), and elevation of transaminase (1 case). Neurotoxicity has been reported to be a major problem in several other very high-dose cisplatin regimens. The low level of neurotoxicity observed in this study may be attributable to the median cumulative cisplatin dose of 〈600 mg/m2. This vinblastine/very high-dose cisplatin regimen showed minor activity against non-small-cell lung cancer. The level of activity did not surpass that of standard-dose (100 mg/m2 per cycle) cisplatin-containing regimens.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 1 (1978), S. 73-75 
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
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    Unbekannt
    Camden, N. J. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Social Research. 29:4 (1962:Winter) 433 
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  • 7
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    Unbekannt
    Berkeley, Calif. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of Social History. 3:3 (1970:Spring) 249 
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  • 8
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    Unbekannt
    Kingston, Jamaica : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Social and economic studies. 17:4 (1968:Dec.) 417 
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Levamisole ; Natural killer cells ; Lymphocyte phenotype ; Tumor immunology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Levamisole (LMS), utilized in the adjuvant treatment of patients with stage III colon cancer, is immunomodulatory. To determine whether alterations in immune parameters before, during and after 12 months of 5FU/LMS therapy correlate with disease-free survival, 38 patients enrolled on Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) protocol 8899 received extensive lymphocyte phenotypic analysis prior to therapy and 3, 6, 12 and 15 months after treatment initiation. The median follow-up of patients is 41 months. Significant increases in the proportion and total number of CD56+ natural killer cells were seen, starting at 3 months and continuing until 15 months (P 〈 0.001). Increases in the total numbers of cells expressing CD25 (interleukin-2 receptor), VLA4 and the combinations of CD4: CD45RA and CD4:CDw29 were not evident during therapy but were seen at 15 months (P 〈 0.05: CD25, CD4:CDw29, CD4:CD45RA; P 〈 0.001: VLA4). Low levels of CD8+ cells prior to treatment initiation and after 3 months of therapy correlated with early relapse within the first year of 5FU/LMS treatment. Patients who have remained disease-free (n = 22, median follow-up 45 months) demonstrated increases in the total numbers of CD8+, CD25+, CD56+, VLA4+, CD4: CDw29 and CD4:CD45RA cells, primarily at 15 months. In contrast, patients who relapsed had decreased numbers of CD8+, CD4:CDw29, CD4: CD45RA and VLA4+ cells and minimal increases in CD56+ and CD25+ cells. Statistically significant differences between the late-relapse group and the group remaining disease-free were seen for CD25+, CD4: CD45RA and CD4:CDw29 cells at the 15-month assay time (P = 0.0276, P = 0.0349, P = 0.0178 respectively). In conclusion, multiple alterations in lymphocyte phenotype, with increases in the proportion and total number of cells involved in cell-mediated immune responses, were seen during and especially following completion of therapy with 5FU/LMS. Many of these changes are significantly associated with clinical outcome and may be useful for risk stratification of stage III colon cancer patients following completion of adjuvant therapy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Investigational new drugs 11 (1993), S. 219-221 
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Schlagwort(e): amonafide ; pancreas cancer ; phase II ; SWOG
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Amonafide is a new synthetic anticancer agent whose mechanism of action is through inhibition of macromolecular synthesis as well as DNA intercalation. The Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) has investigated this drug in a phase II study of pancreas cancer. Thirty-six patients were registered on this study: of these 29 were eligible for response evaluation, and 20 received the two cycles required for making a response assessment. Patients met the standard phase II criteria of no prior chemotherapy, measurable disease and a SWOG performance status of 2 or less. Toxicity, predominantly hematologic with significant neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, was quite severe. Four treatment related deaths were encountered. No responses were seen in thirty-six patients studied. We conclude that this drug is not active against adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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