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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cortical blood-flow in the porcine kidney (1988)
    Springer
    Urological research 16 (1988), S. 385-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Renal blood flow ; Radiolabelled microspheres ; Porcine kidney
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Renal cortical blood-flow distribution was measured by means of radiolabeled microscopheres in eight kidneys from 4 pigs of mixed Yorkshire and Danisk landrace. We found a pronounced intracortical variation in the perfusion pattern of 28 sections of outer cortex. Three consequetive flow determinations with an interval of 45 minutes showd that the heterologous perfusion pattern was plastic, changing between the flow-determinations. In addition, we found a significantly reduced perfusion in the renal poles, compared to the rest of the outer cortex. It is speculated that the reduced polar perfusion is a contributing aetiological factor to the increased incidence of polar scar formation secondary to reflux nephropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00256048
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional cerebral blood flow after a localized cerebral contusion in pigs (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 105 (1990), S. 150-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cerebral contusion ; animal model ; pigs ; microspheres ; regional cerebral blood flow ; CO2 reactivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in anaesthetized pigs is investigated before and after an induced focal cerebral contusion. Mean intracranial pressure increased for a short period following the contusion and reduced perfusion pressure to 60% of control pressure. Forty five minutes later the mean intracranial pressure was still high and different from the control values. Global flow and cerebral production of CO2 increased concomitantly. In the cortical region where the contusion was visible macroscopically the rCBF diminished from 36.5 to 29.1 ml/min/100g. In the rest of the grey matter the rCBF raised after the contusion with an increase away from the centre of the lesion. CBF of cortical grey matter in the region symmetrically to the contusion increased significantly more than in the traumatized hemisphere. White matter rCBF changed least in the region underlying the contusion, while an increase was observed away from the contusion and on the opposite side of the brain. The correlation between tension of CO2 in arterial blood and regional cerebral blood flow disappeared in the region of the contusion. The correlation between global metabolism and regional cerebral blood flow disappeared after the contusion in all regions. Local flow modulating factors influencing flow in the region of macroscopically visible injury has influence abating with distance from the centre of the injury together with a possible neuronally transmitted drive on flow in the opposite hemisphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01670000
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fracture of the lumbar vertebral ring apophysis imitating disc herniation (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 113 (1991), S. 52-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Spine ; intervertebral discs ; fractures ; sciatica
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three cases of fracture of the lumbar ring apophysis representing type I, II, and III are described in detail and the natural history of these fractures is discussed. The symptoms of apophyseal fractures are usually low back pain, sciatica, tension signs, and neurological deficits, thus imitating the symptoms of lumbar disc herniation. Plain radiography and magnetic resonance are often inconclusive and computed tomography is essential for the true diagnosis. An explanation of the different types of fractures, based on the osteogenesis of the human vertebra, is proposed. Recognition of these fractures is essential for proper planing of surgery, and apophyseal ring fractures must be suspected when children and young adults show signs of lumbar disc herniation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01402115
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypoglosso-facial nerve anastomosis (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 133 (1995), S. 112-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Facial palsy ; acoustic neurinoma ; hypoglosso-facial anastomosis ; nerve transplant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The hypoglosso-facial nerve anastomosis (HFA) is a valuable surgical procedure for the treatment of certain types of facial paralysis. HFA was performed 1 to 22 months after resection of an acoustic neurinoma in 32 patients where the operation was complicated by unilateral facial palsy. 56% of these patients obtained excellent facial function, and a total of 66% were satisfied and would have repeated the operation even with their present knowledge about the disadvantages. The recovery of facial function after any nerve anastomosis or plastic procedure is never perfect but HFA usually results in symmetry of the face in response and animation of the face during conversation. HFA is most effective when used as soon as possible after facial palsy has developed, provided a sufficient time has passed for any possible spontaneous recovery. This waiting period should not exceed six months. If the operation is done promptly the results improve, probably because only slight atrophy has occurred in the facial muscles. The disadvantages of HFA are hemiatrophy of the tongue, mass movement of the face and, in some instances, hypertonia of the face. The advantages are improved facial tone with ameliorated cosmetic result, protection of the eye, intentional facial movements controlled by the tongue, and movements associated with physiological function of the tongue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01420060
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional cerebral blood flow in the pig after a localized cerebral contusion treated with barbiturates (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 106 (1990), S. 24-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cerebral contusion ; animal model ; pigs ; microsphere ; regional cerebral blood flow ; pentobarbital
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Regional cerebral blood flow determined with microsphere technique in anaesthetized pigs was measured before and after a localized cerebral contusion as well as after treatment with pentobarbital. No overall reduction in intracranial pressure or perfusion pressure was observed. Flow reduction due to pentobarbital was different in different regions with a high percentage change in the highly perfused basal structures and cortical grey matter except in the centre of the contusion where the reduction was half compared to the rest of cortical grey matter. Changes in white matter were less than in cortical grey matter but more pronounced than in the very high flow areas (choroid plexus and pineal gland). The accumulated change was greatest in the damaged region. Contralateral to the contusion, where a significant increase in flow was noticed after the contusion, there was a very low accumulated change in flow. In white subcortical matter underlying the contusion a similar low flow change was observed but this was not accompanied by as large an accumulated change as in grey cortical matter. At each fraction of injected pentobarbital a short-lasting increase in intracranial pressure and a reduction in mean arterial blood pressure was observed. The amplitude and the height of the intracranial pressure change was reduced during the pentobarbital injections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01809329
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple mechanical model using a piston to produce localized cerebral contusions in pigs (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 88 (1987), S. 65-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Experimental cerebral contusion ; biomechanics of cerebral contusion ; histopathology of cerebral contusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A simple mechanical model using a piston to produce localized cerebral contusions in pigs, is presented. The precision and reproducibility of the method are described by the biomechanical and pathological results. There are only pathological changes with haemorrhage and laceration close to the place of entry of the piston. The changes in the physiological parameters also indicate that the damage is focal. In this model, when kept intact, the dura mater offers considerable protection as no pathological changes in the brain are observed even when the energy at the time of the contusion is increased to twice the values which, when the dura is open, cause considerable damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01400517
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurogenic intermittent claudication (1983)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 69 (1983), S. 195-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Neurogenic intermittent claudication ; spinal stenosis ; laminectomy ; spinal surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-six patient treated for neurogenic intermittent claudication (NIC) have been examined on an average of 25.5 months after a decompression operation. Twenty-two of the patients were either considerably better (15 patients) or completely free of symptoms (7 patients). Pre-operatively two thirds of the patients were able to walk less than a 100 metres. Post-operatively 12 of the patients had an unlimited walking distance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01401806
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional cerebral blood flow in pigs estimated by microspheres (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 103 (1990), S. 139-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Microspheres ; regional cerebral blood flow ; pigs ; animal model ; variability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Regional cerebral blood flow in anaesthetized pigs is determined with the microsphere method. Five regions of cortical grey matter and three white subcortical areas in each hemisphere are examined together with anatomically classic structures. The validity of the biopsies was confirmed by freeze drying of the tissue. Three flow measurements in a group of six animals showed large interindividual variations whereas regions with the same structure in the particular animal showed a high degree of uniformity. Symmetrical regions in the two hemispheres were similar with a coefficient of variation between sides of less than 5%. The coefficient of variation of the particular flow measurements were 15%. The different brain structures have four discernible flow levels. White subcortical matter has three different flow values and forms together with medulla oblongata and hippocampus the low flow area. Flow in grey cortical matter is of the same magnitude as in unanaesthetized animals and constitutes together with thalamus, mesencephalon, pons and cerebellar hemispheres the intermediate flow level. The high flow areas are nucleus caudatus and lentiformis together with the cerebellar vermis. The choroid plexus, pituitary gland and pineal gland all have very high flow values and seem, in contrast to the rest of the brain, insensitive to the CO2-tension in arterial blood and global cerebral metabolism. Microsphere estimation of regional blood flow seems to be an appropriate technique for evaluating regional cerebral blood with a high degree of spatial resolution in repeated flow measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01407521
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Channges in regional cerebral blood flow after hyperventilation in the pig with an induced focal cerebral contusion (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 106 (1990), S. 164-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cerebral contusion ; animal model ; pigs ; microsphere ; regional cerebral blood flow ; hyperventilation ; CO2 reactivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Changes in regional cerebral blood flow in anaesthetized pigs with an induced focal cerebral contusion were studied before and after two grades of hyperventilation. A reduction in arterial tension of CO2 with 0.70mmHg and a further reduction of 0.55mmHg did not change the CO2 reactivity. Reactivity in both injured and macroscopically normal regions was the same, revealing an average of 39.3% flow change per kPa change in CO2 tension. Regions with low flow after the contusion had an equally big reduction apparently leading to hypoxia because global metabolic rate was unchanged.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01809461
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