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  • 1
    ISSN: 0008-6215
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 186 (1994), S. 99-111 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Binding of added strontium by milk proteins under native conditions was investigated using pectin of various degrees of esterification. The partition of strontium, as well as cesium and europium, in aqueous two-phase milk-pectin system, is discussed in terms of “membraneless dialysis” and described by Donnan equilibria, and compared with the distribution between cation exchanger and milk, artificial milk serum, or pectin solutions. When going from pectin with a degree of esterification D.E.=93.2 to 61.4, the distribution of strontium decreases for about 40% in favor of pectin phase and this was explained by a relatively lower degree of dissociation of free carboxyle groups of pectin. The low-molecular fraction of added strontium in milk was assessed from Dowex 50×8 sorption data to be 31%, and that of cesium and europium 58% and 40%, respectively. However, distribution ratio of strontium and europium in milk/pectin system is much higher than it would correspond to the ion exchanger adsorption data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 208 (1996), S. 163-182 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Partition of native sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and radioisotopes of cesium, strontium and curopium was investigated in the aqueous liquid-liquid systems formed after agitation of fresh pasteurized skim bovine milk with 4% w/w water solution of pectin of various degree of esterification (60–93%). The partition of the ions in the “membraneless dialysis” was described by Donnan equilibria and ion-exchange in the macro- and microheterogenous systems and, within uncertainty of results, does not depend on the degree of esterification. Strong negative non-ideality of Sr and Eu in milk phase is attributed to binding with proteins, casein particles in particular, and complexation with low molecular ligands. Separation factor α=D(Sr)/D(Ca) is 0.70±0.06, in favor of strontium concentration in pectin phase. While 〉96% of cesium is diffusible to pectin phase, only 43–56% (depending on physico-chemical model of dialysis) of strontium behaves in that way, and in original milk phase the percent of strontium cationic form may be as low as 13%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 64 (1977), S. 133-146 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: On vibration grinding of air-dried pectin preparations with a hydrolytic cleavage of the α(1←4) glycosidic linkage the degree of esterification remains constant. The random distribution of free and of esterified carboxyl groups remains unchanged. The affinity of the carboxyl groups to Ca2+ ions is changing only when oligomers are formed. The limit of a significant weakening of the ionic linkage being dependent on the chain lenght, will be shifted to higher viscosity numbers and to higher degrees of polymerization, respectively, with an increasing degree of esterification. Moreover, at a proceeding mechanolysis there is a characteristic decrease of the width of the distribution of molecular weights. This could be proved by gel chromatography. An enrichment of the neutral saccharides still present in the pectin preparations together with the D-galacturonic acid in spite of an intense purification, takes place independently of the grinding time and of the degree of degradation, respectively, as well in the low-molecular as in the high-molecular fractions of the gel chromatograms.
    Notes: Beim Schwingmahlabbau von lufttrockenen Pektinpräparaten bleibt unter der Bedingung einer hydrolytischen Spaltung der α(1←4)-glykosidischen Bindungen der Verseterungsgrad konstant. Die zu Beginn vorliegende statistische Verteilung der freien und der veresterten Carboxylgruppen wird unverändert beibehalten. Die Affinität der Carboxygruppen zu Ca2+-Ionen ändert sich erst im Bereich der vermehrten Buildung von oligomeren Abbauprodukten. Die von der Kettenlänge abhängige Grenze einer deutlichen Abschwächung der Ionenbindung verschiebt sich mit zunehmendem Veresterungsgrad zu höheren Viskositätszahlen bzw. Polymerisationsgraden. Mit fortschreitender Mechanolyse wird außerdem eine charakteristische Vereinheitlichung in der Molmassenverteilung gelchromatographisch nachgewiesen. Eine Anreicherung der die D-Galakturonsäure trotz intensiver Reingingung der Pektinpräparate noch begleitenden neutralen Saccharide tritt unabhängig von der Mahldauer bzw. dem Abbaugrad jeweils in den niedermolekularen und in den hochmolekularen Fraktionen der Gelchromatogramme auf.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 34 (1983), S. 205-209 
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Vibration grinding of metal pectates increases the destruction effect depending on the bound metallic cation in the sequence K+ 〈 Mg2+ 〈 Ca2+ ≪ Cu2+. Therefore, the mechanolysis of Cu-pectate can be used for preparing highly destructed galacturonans. Cu2+-ions destabilize the pectate molecule also during storage, consequently a conversion of the degradation products into the stable K+-form is necessary.
    Notes: Beim Schwingmahlabbau von Metallpektaten erhöht sich die Abbauwirkung mit dem gebundenen Metallkation in der Reihenfolge K+ 〈 Mg2+ 〈 Ca2+ ≪ Cu2+. Die Mechanolyse von Cu-Pektat kann daher zur Präparierung von stark abgebauten Galakturonanen eingesetzt werden. Cu2+-Ionen destabilisieren das Pektatmolekül auch bei der Lagerung, so daß eine Überführung der Abbauprodukte in die lagerstabile K+-Form erforderlich ist.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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