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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dental traumatology 3 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A study into the sensitivity and accuracy of a standardized radiographic technique for the disclosure of root resorption cavities was performed in a cadaver material. Film contrast and horizontal angulation were varied in order to identify factors in radiographic exposure which resulted in the greatest diagnostic reliability. In an autopsy material of 5 jaw blocks containing both mandibular premolars, “small, medium and large” cavities simulating root resorptions of 0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 mm in diameter and 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 mm in depth, respectively, were drilled at the cervical, middle and apical thirds of the proximal and oral root surfaces of the premolars. Cavity locations were distributed to ensure an equal number of locations with and without cavities and an equal number of cavities of each size. Results of the investigation indicated that the small cavities were never visualized, nor were 6 out of 13 medium cavities nor 1 out of 13 large cavities; that cavities located proximally were more readily seen than those located orally and that there was no clif Terence in cavity visualization between cavities on the apical, middle or cervical thirds of the roots; high density (contrast) films allowed the best cavity visualization. Finally, radiographs from the time of injury (i.e. preresorption radiographs) as well as radiographs taken at various horizontal angulations were found to be of importance in order to increase the possibility of cavity visualization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 20 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cell surface carbohydrates serve as differentiation and developmental markers characteristic of different cell and tissue types. The expression of these carbohydrate antigens is often significantly altered in tumors, particularly in those arising from epithelial tissues. Analysis of cell surface carbohydrates in oral epithelium have shown that in normal epithelium they are expressed in a way that shorter carbohydrates are found on basal cells and that these carbohydrate structures are elongated parallel to terminal differention. The carbohydrate expression is altered in oral carcinomas and in some oral premalignant lesions. The change in carbohydrate expression can at present be explained by the lack of synthesis of specific glycosyltransferases. We have found mosaism in the expression of carbohydrate antigens in all tumors and have found that the expression of a specific carbohydrate in the deep invasive parts of the tumor correlates with tumor prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cell surface carbohydrates are excellent markers for cellular differentiation and maturation due to great structural and antigenic diversity and to known precursor/product relations. Several blood group related carbohydrate antigens were analyzed in human labial stratified non-keratinized epithelium from 16 healthy individuals by immunohistology using monoclonal antibodies. The expression of these antigens was correlated with erythrocyte phenotype and saliva secretor status. Three distinct compartments of the epithelium were found and defined by the sequential expression of derivatives of Type 2 chain structures: lower, confined to basal cell layers (N-acetyllactosamine), middle, to parabasal cell layers(H)and upper, to spinous cell layers (Ley/Lex). Although the antigens are related to blood group antigens they are largely expressed independently of the ABO, Lewis and secretor types, and may therefore serve as “universal” markers in differentiation studies of normal and pathological epithelium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 24 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A panel of monoclonal antibodies was used to examine differentiation-related carbohydrate structures on the surfaces of gingival epithelial cells. The patterns of binding observed indicate distinct differences in the expression of the epitopes examined for three regions of the gingival epithelia corresponding approximately to the regions defined anatomically as the junctional, oral sulcular and oral epithelia. However, epithelium with the staining pattern of oral sulcular epithelium consistently extended beyond the sulcular region to cover the gingival crest and often the uppermost part of the oral aspect of the gingiva. Differential staining of basal and suprabasal cells indicated an unusual pattern of differentiation of the junctional epithelium. The phenotype of this epithelium appears to differ from patterns reported for any other oral epithelium and the possible functional significance of this difference is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Thirty-two cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands were studied in order to characterize the expression of simple mucin-type carbohydrate antigens T, Tn and sialosyl-Tn and to evaluate its implication for tumour histogenesis. Monoclonal antibodies of known specificity were used on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue, and the expression of these antigens was studied in each of the three cell types (mucous, intermediate and squamous) as well as in the secretory content of neoplastic lumina. Aberrant glycosylation of simple-mucin type antigens was found in all cell types, as compared with that of normal excretory duct cells of the salivary glands. The more ‘primitive’ antigens Tn and sialosyl-Tn were present in a high percentage of epidermoid and intermediate cells. Mucous cells and the intraluminal secretory content also expressed Tn in 57.7% of the cases. This contrasts with the absence of secretion of these simple mucin type carbohydrates by normal salivary gland cells. Mucin-producing cells did not express T antigen but only sialosyl-T, in contrast to 57.1% and 56.3% respectively of the epidermoid and intermediate cell types. T and sialosyl-T were also found in the secretory products of the neoplastic lumina in 11.5% and 53.6% of the cases, respectively. The distinctive glycosylation pattern between mucin-producing cells on the one hand and intermediate and squamous cells on the other does not contradict the common origin of the three cell types from the reserve cell of the salivary excretory duct, but favours the proposition that intermediate cells constitute a step in the differentiation pathway of epidermoid, but not of mucin-producing. cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: ABO and Lewis blood group antigens ; Carbohydrates ; Human endometrium ; Endometrial carcinomas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Changes in expression of histo-blood group ABH and Lewis antigens are common alterations in carcinomas. Using immunohistochemistry, we have evaluated the expression of type-2 histo-blood group antigens in normal and malignant endometrial tissues in relation to genetic and hormonal factors. The Lex, sialosyl-Lex, and Ley antigens were inconstantly expressed in the normal endometrium. The expression was uninfluenced by the secretor status but was related to the ABO blood group status in Oestradiol (E2) stimulated endometria. Ley was expressed most frequently in proliferating endometria from blood group 0 individuals. Lex and Ley were maximally expressed in atrophic endometria, and Lex and Ley staining scores correlated inversely with serum levels of E2 in normal, non-secretory endometria. No correlation was found in adenomatous hyperplasias and endometrial carcinomas, which when compared with atrophic endometria, showed a loss of Lex and Ley and an increased H-carbohydrate expression at apical membranes. Carcinomas from non-secretors showed lower expression of Ley and H-antigens than carcinomas from secretors. Our findings suggest that the genetic and hormonal influence on glycosylation based on type-2 chain carbohydrates differ between normal and malignant endometrium. This difference is probably related to specific tumour-associated qualitative and quantitative changes in the fucosyltransferases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: ABO blood-group antigen ; Lewis blood-group antigen ; Type-1 chain carbohydrates ; Human endometrium ; Endometrial carcinomas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Type-1 chain histo-blood group antigens such as the Lewis (Le)a, monosialosyl-Lea, Leb and H antigens show an increased expression in endometrial carcinomas. However, the possibility that these antigens are expressed under genetic or hormonal influence in endometrial carcinomas has not been considered. In the present study, the expression of type-1 chain carbohydrate antigens in normal and malignant endometrium was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and related to both genetic and hormonal factors. The glands of normal, non-secretory endometria expressed, in contrast with surface epithelial cells, Lea, Leb, disialosyl-Lea, and H determinants infrequently. Adenomatous hyperplasias and endometrial carcinomas showed an increased expression of type-1 chain carbohydrates that was qualitatively influenced by the erythrocyte Lewis phenotype and the secretor status. Whereas Lea+b− non-secretors mainly accumulated Lea antigen, and only limited amounts of Leb antigen, Lea−b+ secretors expressed H, Leb and Lea antigens. The expression of type-1 chain antigens showed no association with the serum-oestrogen level or to the hormone-receptor status. Thus the Lewis secretor status has a qualitative influence on the increased expression of type-1 chain antigens, which, however, seem to be unrelated to hormonal factors. Our findings suggest an increased activity of the Se-gene-defined or a closely related fucosyl-transferase in neoplastic endometrial epithelial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nodular palmar fibromatosis is a self-limited proliferation of fibro-/myofibroblasts associated with growth factor synthesis and abundant fibronectin extracellular matrix deposition. bFGF and TGFβ are potent modulators of fibro-/myofibroblast proliferation and differentiation. Moreover,in vitro investigations evidenced a TGFβ1-dependent regulation of alternative splicing of fibronectin mRNA. To investigate a possible implication of these growth factors in the tissue formation process of palmar fibromatosis, TGFβ1/2 and bFGF synthesis, as well as TGFβ1/3 and bFGF tissue distribution, is demonstrated by RNAin situ hybridization and/or immunohistochemistry in relation to myofibroblast phenotype development (α-smooth muscle actin, desmin immunohistochemistry), expression of different fibronectin isoforms (ED-A+, ED-B+ and oncofetal glycosylated fibronectin immunohistochemistry, fibronectin RNAin situ hybridization) and cellular activity (cyclin RNAin situ hybridization, Ki-67 immunolabelling). The myofibroblast phenotype (α-smooth muscle actin, desmin), the growth factor synthesis (TGFβ1 and 2, bFGF), fibronectin matrix synthesis (RNAin situ hybridization with cDNA) and ED-A+, ED-B+ and oncofetal glycosylated fibronectin immunostaining are exclusively localized in the active proliferative nodules (Ki-67 immunolabelling and cyclin mRNA demonstration). Whereas the growth factor synthesis is restricted to the proliferative areas of the fibromatosis only, TGFβ1, TGFβ3 and bFGF proteins can also be detected immunohistochemically with a lower intensity in the surrounding aponeurotic tissue. The spatial correlation of myofibroblast phenotype, TGFβ and bFGF synthesis and the occurrence of the oncofetal molecular fibronectin variants (ED-B+ and oncofetal glycosylated fibronectin) in the active proliferative fibromatosis nodules suggests a pathogentic role of these growth factors and matrix components in the tumorous tissue formation process. The presence of the bFGF and TGFβ1/3 proteins in fibroblasts neighbouring the proliferative nodules may point to a recruitment of quiescent aponeurotic fibroblasts in the fibromatous tissue formation process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nodular palmar fibromatosis is a self-limited proliferation of fibro-/myofibroblasts associated with growth factor synthesis and abundant fibronectin extracellular matrix deposition. bFGF and TGFβ are potent modulators of fibro-/myofibroblast proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, in vitro investigations evidenced a TGFβ1-dependent regulation of alternative splicing of fibronectin mRNA. To investigate a possible implication of these growth factors in the tissue formation process of palmar fibromatosis, TGFβ1/2 and bFGF synthesis, as well as TGFβ1/3 and bFGF tissue distribution, is demonstrated by RNA in situ hybridization and/or immunohistochemistry in relation to myofibroblast phenotype development (α-smooth muscle actin, desmin immunohistochemistry), expression of different fibronectin isoforms (ED-A+, ED-B+ and oncofetal glycosylated fibronectin immunohistochemistry, fibronectin RNA in situ hybridization) and cellular activity (cyclin RNA in situ hybridization, Ki-67 immunolabelling). The myofibroblast phenotype (α-smooth muscle actin, desmin), the growth factor synthesis (TGFβ1 and 2, bFGF), fibronectin matrix synthesis (RNA in situ hybridization with cDNA) and ED-A+, ED-B+ and oncofetal glycosylated fibronectin immunostaining are exclusively localized in the active proliferative nodules (Ki-67 immunolabelling and cyclin mRNA demonstration). Whereas the growth factor synthesis is restricted to the proliferative areas of the fibromatosis only, TGFβ1, TGFβ3 and bFGF proteins can also be detected immunohistochemically with a lower intensity in the surrounding aponeurotic tissue. The spatial correlation of myofibroblast phenotype, TGFβ and bFGF synthesis and the occurrence of the oncofetal molecular fibronectin variants (ED-B+ and oncofetal glycosylated fibronectin) in the active proliferative fibromatosis nodules suggests a pathogentic role of these growth factors and matrix components in the tumorous tissue formation process. The presence of the bFGF and TGFβ1/3 proteins in fibroblasts neighbouring the proliferative nodules may point to a recruitment of quiescent aponeurotic fibroblasts in the fibromatous tissue formation process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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