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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromium diffusion in lithium niobate for active optical waveguides (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 2193-2197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A method to fabricate chromium-doped lithium niobate substrates in which the active ions are introduced by thermal diffusion from a film is reported. Chromium concentration depth profiles have been obtained by secondary-ion-mass spectrometry and the relevant diffusion parameters have been derived. Fluorescence spectrum and upper laser level lifetime of chromium diffused proton-exchanged and chromium/titanium-diffused lithium niobate waveguides have been measured. A simple model has been used to estimate the performance of such structures as waveguide optical amplifiers and lasers. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360134
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization and optimization of Ti-diffused LiNbO3 optical waveguides by second diffusion of magnesium (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 187-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Mg diffusion in Ti-diffused LiNbO3 (Ti/Mg:LiNbO3) optical waveguides has been studied. Secondary ion mass spectrometry has been used to obtain Ti/Mg dopant concentration profiles. Comparison of the diffusion behavior of Mg in pure LiNbO3 and titanium-diffused LiNbO3 (Ti:LiNbO3) has been made. A numerical study, based on semivectorial finite difference method to determine the coupling loss between single-mode fibers and Ti/Mg:LiNbO3 optical waveguides has been performed. It has been demonstrated that the use of Mg can reduce the asymmetry-induced coupling loss to almost zero. A method that predicts the best relative position of the fiber axis with respect to the surface of Ti/Mg:LiNbO3 waveguides has been presented. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360650
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A secondary-ion-mass spectrometry study of magnesium diffusion in lithium niobate (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 7552-7558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A detailed study of magnesium indiffusion in lithium niobate (LiNbO3) crystal is presented. The aim of the work was to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the diffusion process as a function of film thickness, temperature, diffusion time, crystal cut-direction. The secondary-ion-mass spectrometry technique was employed to obtain magnesium concentration depth profiles. Our results show that the strongest factor that controls the diffusion process is the temperature. A noticeable increase of the diffusion coefficient is observed with increasing temperature. The diffusion time has a small effect on the diffusion coefficient, but if the former is less than a certain value, the deposited MgO film does not diffuse completely. On the other hand, if it is quite long it will enter into the annealing regime. Diffusion parameters to realize buried waveguides (which reduce the coupling loss between single-mode fibers and diffused waveguides) have also been derived. The present studies could be important in consideration of the synthesis of LiNbO3 optical devices with improved optical qualities. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357988
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Secondary-ion-mass spectrometry and near-field studies of Ti:LiNbO3 optical waveguides (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 5345-5350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Secondary-ion-mass spectrometry (SIMS) and near-field (NF) methods have been applied to study Ti:LiNbO3 optical waveguides. Ti concentration as a function of diffusion process parameters has been studied by the SIMS method. The main determining factors that were found to affect the depth-diffusion behavior of titanium in LiNbO3 slab waveguides are the initial thickness of the dopant film and the diffusion temperature. Anisotropy in the diffusion rate for Xand has been applied to the refractive index profile reconstruction for single-mode optical channel waveguides. A sharp change in the index at the air–guide interface has been observed, as expected. The dependence of refractive index change on Ti concentration has been found to be nonlinear, such as quadratic, approximately. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359713
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of CD11b (Leu15) Antigen on CD3+, CD8+, CD16+ Peripheral Lymphocytes, Estimation of CD3+8+11b+ and CD3+4-8-11b- T-Cell Subsets using a Single Laser Flow Cytometer (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 36 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: CD11b (Leu15) epitope is expressed on 20-30% of peripheral blood lymphocytes, including CD16+ large granular lytnphocytes and CD8+ cells. This study confirms that 30% of CD8+ lymphocytes and virtually all CD16+ NK cells from healthy subjects express this determinant. In parallel, our data show that various proportions of CD3+ 4-8-, TCR-δ cytotoxic T lymphoeytes and occasionally CD4+ lymphocytes subsets could also express this epitope.The CD8+ 11b+ phenotype is associated with suppression of T-cell proliferative response and has been extensively used to characterize suppressor T lymphocytes. Since about 25% of CD8 lymphocytes are non-T (CD3) and express the CD16 NK antigen (CD8+ 16+ 3 -), the expression of CD11b was also studied on CD8+ 3+ T-cell and CD8+ 16+ NK-cell subsets. To this end, we developed three methods using a flow cytometer equipped with a single laser and two fluorescence detectors. Results showed that T CD8+ 3+ 11b+ and NK CD8+ 16+ 11b+ lymphocytes account for 3O% and 70% of CD8+ 11b+ cells respectively. Consequently, the CD8+ 3+ 11b+ phenotype would be more specific for suppressor T lymphocytes than the total CD8+ 11b+ phenotype which includes high proportions of CD16+ NK cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb02953.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectroscopic and conductometric studies on someSchiff bases (1995)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 126 (1995), S. 385-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Spectroscopy ; Conductometric studies ; Schiff bases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die UV/Vis-Spektren einiger von 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazol abgeleiteterSchiffscher Basen wurden in Lösungsmitteln unterschiedlicher Polarität bezüglich Zuordnung der Banden, Lösungsmitteleffekten und Spektrum-Struktur — Korrelationen untersucht. Die wesentlichen IR- und1H-NMR — Signale wurden zugeordnet und werden mit Substituenteneffekten in Beziehung gesetzt. Im Festzustand zeigen die Proben eine Änderung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit mit steigender Temperatur.
    Notes: Summary The electronic absorption spectra of someSchiff bases derived from 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole have been investigated in organic solvents of different polarities. Assignment of the absorption bands, solvent effects, and spectral structure correlations are considered. The fundamental IR bands and the main signals in the1H NMR spectra are assigned and discussed with respect to the effect of substituents on the phenyl ring. A change of the electrical conductance of the compounds with increasing temperature is observed for the solid samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00813200
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of mass transfer in the kinetics of anodic dissolution of gas-evolving metallic surfaces (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 10 (1980), S. 543-547 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The rate of anodic dissolution of copper in phosphoric acid above the potential where oxygen evolution takes place was studied. Variables investigated were oxygen discharge rate, phosphoric acid concentration and electrode position. The mass transfer coefficient of the anodic dissolution of copper in phosphoric acid was related to the oxygen discharge rate and the physical properties of the solution by the equations for a vertical electrode:k=aV 0.2(ρ/u)0.93 for a horizontal electrode:k=aV 0.21(ρ/u)0.93
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614088
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural convection mass transfer at spheres (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 14 (1984), S. 91-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Mass transfer by natural convection at spheres has been studied by an electrochemical technique involving limiting current measurement for the anodic dissolution of copper spheres in phosphoric acid. Acid concentration and sphere diameter were changed to provide values ofSc. Gr ranging from 2.85×1010to 2.15×1011; under these conditions the mass transfer data was correlated by the equation:Sh=0.15 (Sc. Gr)0.33
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00611263
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, thermal and electrical studies on solvated oxovanadium(IV) complexes with schiff bases derived from aromatic diamines and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde (1993)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 124 (1993), S. 995-1003 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Solvated oxovanadium complexes ; Conductivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die im Titel genannten Komplexe wurden in ethanolischem Medium hergestellt. Sie sind inDMF Nichtelektrolyte und haben laut Elementaranalyse die Zusammensetzung Ligand:Metall=1:1, 2:2 und 1:2. Basierend auf IR-, UV- und EPR-Spektren wird die Koordinationszahl 6 (oktahedrale Geometrie) vorgeschlagen. Es wurden TGA- und DTA-Studien durchgeführt und das elektrochemische Verhalten der Metallkomplexe untersucht.
    Notes: Summary Solvated oxovanadium(IV) complexes of Schiff bases derived from aromatic diamines and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde have been prepared from ethanolic medium. The elemental analyses reveal that the complexes have the ratio 1:1, 2:2 and 1:2 (ligand:metal) composition which are nonelectrolyte inDMF. The coordination number six (octahedral geometry) is proposed for the complexes prepared. This is based on the results of IR, electronic and EPR spectra. TGA as well as DTA studies and the electrical properties and (I–V) characteristics for the metal complexes were investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00814145
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of drag-reducing polymer on the rate of mass transfer in fixed-bed reactors (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 17 (1987), S. 583-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Rates of mass transfer were measured for the cementation of copper from dilute copper sulphate solutions containing polyethylene oxide drag-reducing polymer on a fixed bed of zinc pellets. Starting from a Reynolds number (Re) of 550, the rate of mass transfer was found to decrease by an amount ranging from 7.5 to 51% depending onRe and polymer concentration. The percentage decrease in the rate of mass transfer increased with increasingRe, passed through a maximum atRe=1400 and then decreased rapidly with further increase inRe. The possibility of using drag-reducing polymers to reduce power consumption in fixed-bed operation was discussed in the light of the present and previous results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01084133
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