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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Submandibular gland ; Fetal development ; Lectin ; Hamster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Lectin binding was studied in the developing submandibular glands of fetal Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) from gestational day 12 to 16 (the day of birth). The fetuses were fixed, embedded in paraffin, sectioned and stained with nine lectin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates: concanavalin A (Con A), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA), Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA), Maclura pomifera agglutinin (MPA), Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin I-B4 (GSA I-B4), peanut agglutinin (PNA), Ulex europens agglutinin I (UEA I) and Limulus polyphemus agglutinin (LPA). The developing glands showed dramatic morphological alterations on a daily basis, accompanied by progressive changes in lectin staining. On day 12 the primitive gland showed only trace lectin staining with WGA, HPA, MPA, PNA and UEA I, but by day 13, strong staining with these lectins, as well as with DBA, was seen at the ductal lumenal surface, after the formation of the ductal lumens. Secretory granules first appeared in cells of the primitive acini on day 14; the secretion products were stained strongly with WGA, DBA, HPA, MPA, PNA and UEA I. On day 15, the secretion products were also stained moderately with GSA I-B4. Secretory differentiation was further developed on day 16, but the staining intensity of the mucins with the different lectins varied among the secretory cells. LPA failed to stain any part of the gland throughout the observation period, and Con A stained only glycogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We report here that human bronchial epithelial cells in organ culture have the capability to bind and presumably to activate PNH [7.12-dimethyl benz(a)anthracene (DMBA); 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA); benzo(a)pyrene (BP) and dibenz(a;h)anthracene (DBA)]. Binding to DNA was measured by biochemical ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using 0.5 μ thick (i.e., semi-thin) and conventional thin sections, observations have been made on the localization of acid phosphatase in the Golgi apparatus and related structures in the pars recta of rat kidney. In thin sections one or two Golgi cisternae located at the concave (basilar) aspect of the stack had enzymic activity. The periphery of these cisternae may be fenestrated. Coated vesicles were seen apparently free in the cytoplasm and in continuity with both reactive Golgi cisternae and smooth tubular elements. Smooth vesicular profiles with electron-lucent matrices and low enzymic activity were seen, apparently free, in the central Golgi zone. Semi-thin sections demonstrated more fully the extent of the reactive Golgi elements, their architecture and their relationships with other organelles. Within a stack the reactive Golgi cisternae were continuous with one another. A network of anastomosing tubular elements formed the periphery of the cisternae and linked some adjacent cisternae. Tubules extended considerable distances from this network in apical and lateral directions. Vesicular protuberances formed ends to the tubular extensions but free vesicles were not obvious. Apparent continuity was seen between reactive tubules and dense bodies (secondary lysosomes). Vesicular profiles with electron-lucent matrices andlow enzymic activity appeared to be continuous with the periphery of reactive Golgi cisternae and may represent the formation of primary lysosomes. This study demonstrates that semi-thin sections could be used to great advantage in the study of organelle interactions in both normal and pathological states.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 39 (1974), S. 335-344 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using semi-thin (0.5 μm thick) and conventional thin sections, observations have been made on the pattern of unbuffered OsO4 staining in the pars recta of the proximal tubule (thick descending limb of Henle) from rat kidney. The cisternae limiting autophagic vacuoles and Golgi cisternae located at the apical aspect of the stack were heavily stained in most cells. Sometimes a progressive diminution of stain was seen across the Golgi stack from apical to basal aspects. In many cells the endoplasmic reticulum stained although the degree of staining varied. Plasma membranes were unreactive. Transformation of membranes from endoplasmic reticulum-like to plasma membrane-like (i.e., endoplasmic to exoplasmic transformation) is thought to occur across the Golgi stack (deDuve, 1969; Morré et al., 1971) and presumably also occurs at the membranes limiting autophagic vacuoles, when these membranes are derived from endoplasmic reticulum. It is interesting that both sites of membrane transformation were heavily stained with unbuffered OsO4 in pars recta cells and a similar staining distribution has been reported by others in several different cell types. These observations suggest that OsO4 staining is associated with the membrane transformation phenomenon. In semi-thin sections the osmium-stained apical pole of the Golgi apparatus consists of small cisternal elements joined into a lattice by fine connecting threads, making a polygonal array, whereas stained cisternae further down the stack were not fenestrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 275 (1994), S. 143-156 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Larynx – Trachea – Endocrine cells – Neuroepithelial bodies –Immunohistochemistry – Regulatory peptides – Serotonin (5–HT) – Golden hamster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The ontogeny of protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), serotonin (5–HT), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and calcitonin (CT) immunoreactivity was evaluated in small-granule endocrine cells of hamster laryngotracheal epithelium from fetal day 11 to adulthood. Two centrifugal (proximal-to-distal) patterns of differentiation occur. The first pattern begins during fetal life. Endocrine cells, single and clustered in groups (presumptive- or protoneuroepithelial bodies, pNEBs), initially co-localize immunostaining for PGP 9.5, 5–HT, and CGRP in the larynx and proximal 2/3 of the trachea on day 12 and spread to the caudal trachea on day 13. 5–HT disappears fleetingly during the 24 h preceding birth; otherwise immunoreactivity for all three substances persists into adulthood. The clusters of endocrine cells survive beyond birth but are so diluted by expansion of the nonendocrine epithelium as to become inconspicuous. Since innervation was not actually observed, these clusters may persist as pNEBs, without developing connections to afferent or efferent nerve fibers. The second pattern concerns single small-granule cells stainable for CGRP but not for 5–HT. These cells first appear in the larynx and cartilaginous part of the cranial trachea on postnatal day 3, and in the middle and caudal trachea, on day 5. The cells increase in number on day 7. In adults, they predominate among endocrine cells of the cartilaginous region. A subset of these cells begins to co-express CT proximally on postnatal day 10, reaching the caudal end of the trachea by 3 weeks. A few elements of the older 5–HT-positive population may also become immunoreactive for CT in juvenile hamsters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 275 (1994), S. 157-167 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Airways – Alveoli, lung – Endocrine cells – Neuroepithelial bodies – Peptides – Serotonin – Golden hamster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Results of this and the preceding study reveal 3 patterns of endocrine cell development in hamster airway. The first, a prenatal wave, begins in the larynx and sweeps down the extra- and intrapulmonary conducting airway to the bronchioloalveolar portals. Cells differentiate singly and in groups (presumptive neuroepithelial bodies, pNEBs), colocalize immunoreactivity for serotonin (5–HT) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and persist throughout adulthood. Postnatally a few cells also express calcitonin (CT). Appearance of 5–HT and CGRP staining correlates with the onset of local, NEB-associated mitogenesis in fetal hamster airway epithelium. The second pattern begins after birth and is unique to the larynx and cartilaginous trachea. It involves differentiation of single cells which stain for CGRP but not 5–HT. Later, a proportion also stain for CT. This pattern seemingly accounts for the predominance of single cells in laryngotracheal epithelium of adult animals. In the third pattern, cells immunoreactive for peptide YY (PYY) differentiate, singly at first and later among cells of tiny pNEBs. This begins postnatally in alveoli, spreading centripetally with retrograde differentiation of alveolar epithelium back into the bronchiolar terminations. Restricted distribution and lack of immunoreactivity for 5–HT, CGRP, or CT suggest that the PYY-positive endocrine cells form a regional subset performing special roles in pulmonary homeostasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 275 (1994), S. 157-167 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Airways ; Alveoli, lung ; Endocrine cells ; Neuroepithelial bodies ; Peptides ; Serotonin ; Golden hamster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Results of this and the preceding study reveal 3 patterns of endocrine cell development in hamster airway. The first, a prenatal wave, begins in the larynx and sweeps down the extra- and intrapulmonary conducting airway to the bronchioloalveolar portals. Cells differentiate singly and in groups (presumptive neuroepithelial bodies, pNEBs), colocalize immunoreactivity for serotonin (5-HT) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and persist throughout adulthood. Postnatally a few cells also express calcitonin (CT). Appearance of 5-HT and CGRP staining correlates with the onset of local, NEB-associated mitogenesis in fetal hamster airway epithelium. The second pattern begins after birth and is unique to the larynx and cartilaginous trachea. It involves differentiation of single cells which stain for CGRP but not 5-HT. Later, a proportion also stain for CT. This pattern seemingly accounts for the predominance of single cells in laryngotracheal epithelium of adult animals. In the third pattern, cells immunoreactive for peptide YY (PYY) differentiate, singly at first and later among cells of tiny pNEBs. This begins postnatally in alveoli, spreading centripetally with retrograde differentiation of alveolar epithelium back into the bronchiolar terminations. Restricted distribution and lack of immunoreactivity for 5-HT, CGRP, or CT suggest that the PYY-positive endocrine cells form a regional subset performing special roles in pulmonary homeostasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 275 (1994), S. 143-156 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Larynx ; Trachea ; Endocrine cells ; Neuroepithelial bodies ; Immunohistochemistry ; Regulatory peptides ; Serotonin (5-HT) ; Golden hamster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The ontogeny of protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), serotonin (5-HT), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and calcitonin (CT) immunoreactivity was evaluated in small-granule endocrine cells of hamster laryngotracheal epithelium from fetal day 11 to adulthood. Two centrifugal (proximal-to-distal) patterns of differentiation occur. The first pattern begins during fetal life. Endocrine cells, single and clustered in groups (presumptive-or protoneuroepithelial bodies, pNEBs), initially colocalize immunostaining for PGP 9.5, 5-HT, and CGRP in the larynx and proximal 2/3 of the trachea on day 12 and spread to the caudal trachea on day 13.5-HT disappears fleetingly during the 24 h preceding birth; other-wise immunoreactivity for all three substances persists into adulthood. The clusters of endocrine cells survive beyond birth but are so diluted by expansion of the nonendocrine epithelium as to become inconspicuous. Since innervation was not actually observed, these clusters may persist as pNEBs, without developing connections to afferent or efferent nerve fibers. The second pattern concerns single small-granule cells stainable for CGRP but not for 5-HT. These cells first appear in the larynx and cartilaginous part of the cranial trachea on postnatal day 3, and in the middle and caudal trachea, on day 5. The cells increase in number on day 7. In adults, they predominate among endocrine cells of the cartilaginous region. A subset of these cells begins to co-express CT proximally on postnatal day 10, reaching the caudal end of the trachea by 3 weeks. A few elements of the older 5-HT-positive population may also become immunoreactive for CT in juvenile hamsters.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 213 (1985), S. 429-447 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The development of the tracheal epithelium was studied in hamsters, beginning on fetal day 10 and ending on fetal day 16, shortly after birth. The epithelial morphology was characterized and as soon as the cells could be recognized by type (day 14) their proportions were quantified along dorsal and ventral surfaces from larynx to carina. At all times, columnar cells of the dorsal surface were taller than those of the ventral surface. On days 10 and 11 the simple epithelium was composed of poorly differentiated columnar cells, but on day 12 organoid clusters, consistent with the morphology of neuroepithelial bodies, were observed; four clusters were seen along the dorsal epithelium in one section. The epithelium was pseudostratified on day 13, composed of short and columnar cells. Most columnar cells were poorly differentiated but a few preciliated and ciliated cells were recognizable dorsally, especially at the tracheal poles. Hemidesmosomes were seen at the base of some short cells on day 14, and rough endoplasmic reticulum was moderately developed in some columnar cells, suggesting that these cells were prebasal and presecretory cells, respectively. Preciliated and ciliated cells, which were most prevalent caudally, accounted for about 14% of all dorsal epithelial cells on day 14, but they were rare in the ventral surface, about 0.1%. The epithelial cells were sufficiently specialized by days 15 and 16 to allow quantification by type. Proportions of basal, presecretory, and preciliated-ciliated cells were similar on both days but the cellular makeup of dorsal and ventral surfaces was significantly different. There were more basal cells ventrally (36-40%) than dorsally (22-23%), and more preciliated-ciliated cells dorsally (18-21%) than ventrally (about 1%). On days 15 and 16 differences also existed along both surfaces between cranial and caudal parts of the trachea. Basal cells were more prevalent cranially and preciliated-ciliated cells were more prevalent caudally.
    Additional Material: 39 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 214 (1986), S. 183-192 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The development of the tracheal epithelium was studied in neonatal hamsters beginning on the day of birth (day 1) and ending on day 8. Morphological changes were characterized and the proportions of cells (basal, secretory, ciliated) and mitotic indices were quantified along dorsal and ventral epithelial surfaces. Cellular proportions were stable throughout the week but the makeup of the dorsal and ventral epithelia was different. The ventral epithelium was composed of about 59% secretory cells, 39% basal cells, and 2% ciliated cells, whereas the dorsal epithelium was composed of about 52% secretory cells, 32% basal cells, and 16% ciliated cells. Mitotic indices were generally less than 1% and mitotic activity in secretory cells predominated proportionate to the ratios of secretory cells and basal cells in dorsal and ventral epithelia. During the first postnatal week changes occurred that were related to the maturation of basal cells and secretory cells. Glycogen was rapidly lost from both cell types during the first part of the week and the lateral cell membranes became increasingly complex. Apical microvilli had formed in the secretory cells by day 2 and hemidesmosomes were well developed in the basal cells. Rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum membranes developed rapidly in the secretory cells, and mucous granules were abundant in some cells on days 4 - 8, especially in the ventral epithelium between the cartilage rings.The study shows that shifts in the proportions of basal, secretory, and ciliated cells do not occur in dorsal or ventral tracheal epithelium during the first postnatal week but the basal cells and secretory cells undergo rapid cytodifferentiation and functional maturation at this time.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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