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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A design of an ECR ion source for radioactive ion beams for ISAC on-line facility at TRIUMF : Papers from the Ninth International Conference on Ion Sources (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 73 (2002), S. 792-794 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A 2.45 GHz ECR ion source for the ISAC on-line operation is being tested at the TRIUMF ion source test stand prior to its installation in the radioactive ion beam production target module. Steps were taken at the design stage to ensure short transient time and high ionization efficiency for single charged ions. Further considerations were given to radiation hardness, reliability, and remote handling capabilities. Transient time was measured using an ultrafast piezoelectric valve. Efficiencies were measured using calibrated gas leaks of stable and radioactive isotopes such as 127Xe. This article describes the overall characteristics of the source. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1430870
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beam characteristics using stable isotopes from a multicusp source for the TRIUMF ISAC facility : Proceedings of the 7th international conference on ion sources (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 767-769 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A multicusp source for positive ion beams has been designed and constructed in collaboration with the Ion Beam Technology Department of LBNL for the TRIUMF ISAC project. This type of source has demonstrated a high yield of singly charged ions, a low energy spread, a good emittance, and is compact and simple. Several stages of tests and measurements using nonradioactive beams to characterize the source performance are being carried out both at LBNL and at TRIUMF prior to the final phase of radioactive target-source system tests. Results of these nonradioactive tests and certain problems encountered are reported and discussed in this article. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148538
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The TRIUMF optically pumped polarized H− ion source : Proceedings of the 6th international conference on ion sources (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 1291-1292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The TRIUMF dc optically pumped polarized H− ion source (OPPIS) produces a 200 μA dc H− current at 85% polarization within a normalized emittance (90%) of 0.8 π mm mrad, for operation at the TRIUMF cyclotron. As a result of development of the electron cyclotron resonance primary proton source, a 1.6 mA dc polarized H− current is produced within a normalized emittance of 2 π mm mrad, suitable for high energy accelerators. The OPPIS has also been developed for use in a parity nonconservation experiment which has very severe limits on permissible helicity- correlated changes in beam current and energy. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146699
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    dc H−/D− sources at TRIUMF : Proceedings of 5th international conference on ion sources (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1189-1191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Several H−/D− dc sources employing multicusp confinement and magnetic filtering to enhance H−/D− production have been designed, built, and tested. Source performance in terms of beam output, emittance merit as functions of arc current, confinement magnetic strength, plasma volume, beam exit diameter, and extraction lens configuration have been studied in detail. At present, up to 9 mA H− and 3 mA D− beams with a normalized emittance of 0.44 mm mrad for H− beam have been extracted. A number of sources are tailored to fit the requirements of individual projects. In this article, a general description of source structure, power and biasing algorithms, and extraction geometries of these cusp sources will be given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145053
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of a prototype Isotope Separator Accelerator surface ionization source : Proceedings of the 7th international conference on ion sources (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 1170-1172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A prototype surface ionization source coupled with a fixed-geometry extraction electrode system was commissioned on the Isotope Separator Accelerator (ISAC) ion source test stand at TRIUMF. The suitability of the ion source and extraction system for use in the ISAC facility was determined by a series of emittance measurements of the extracted beams. The test stand optics were successfully commissioned using the prototype ion source; emittance measurements of the mass-separated beams demonstrated that second- and third-order beam aberrations (introduced by the magnetic dipole mass separation) could be corrected by the use of multipole electrostatic optics elements. An upper limit of the root-mean-square-energy spread (2 eV) was deduced from the emittance measurements. Emittance measurements were performed at beam energies of 10–50 keV, as well as for ion masses ranging from Li+ to Rb+, to demonstrate the feasibility of the prototype for a variety of beam energies and masses. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148656
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microwave-driven multipurpose ion source : Proceedings of the 6th international conference on in sources (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 1061-1063 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A microwave-driven ion source being developed at TRIUMF is designed to produce stable, reliable, and gas-efficient negative and positive ion beams for cyclotrons and other accelerators. The source has been tested for H− and achieved 2.1 mA at 0.25 π mm mrad normalized emittance for 500 W of input power at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. The source was operated over one month without interruption for a H− beam stability test and demonstrated 2.5% stability over the period. For positive beam extraction H+, He+, N+, and Ar+ species have been studied. A 2 mA N+ beam was obtained at 0.3 π mm mrad normalized emittance for 1 kW of input power. A beam density as high as 7 mA/cm2 with 45% gas efficiency has been achieved for the Ar+ beam. In this paper the source parameters and characteristics are discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146758
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An emittance–mass scanner for small-mass, low-energy beams : Proceedings of the 6th international conference on ion sources (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 1275-1276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An on-line emittance–mass scanner (EMS), with a size of 10 cm×10 cm×8 cm, has been developed for use with low energy and light ion beams (A〈40) at TRIUMF. Computerized data acquisition and procession give the rms emittances, intensities, and contour plots of each beam component. The angular resolution of the scanner is ±1.0 mrad, the maximum divergence of each component that the scanner can take is 140 mrad. Some experimental results of the measurement are given. The comparison between the contour shapes and the values of the emittance measured by both the emittance scanner and EMS is in good agreement. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146696
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficiency and transient time studies of an electron cyclotron resonance ion source for radioactive ion beam production at ISAC/TRIUMF : The 8th international conference on ion sources (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 946-948 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A 2.45 GHz electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source with a single mode resonator is being developed to produce high efficient single charged ion beams from exiguous gaseous elements. The source is intended to produce short and long half-life radioactive ion beams as well as stable ion beams for low and high energy experiments at ISAC [J. M. Poutissou, Proceedings of the ISAC Workshop (1994)]. It is obvious that for the radioactive ion beam production, the gas and ion transient time and the overall ionization efficiency are the most important parameters. The transient time is measured using ultrafast peizoelectric gas valve which could operate up to a frequency of 2 kHz. A unique feature of the source is that the plasma chamber is considerably smaller (∼170 times) than its resonance cavity in order to minimize the transient time. Quartz tubes with various diameters (5–20 mm) and 80 mm long are tested as the plasma chamber and the results are discussed. The effect of the transfer tube length, which links the target and the ion source on the transient time is also described. An axially symmetric five electrode extraction system containing three multiaperture electrodes was used to extract the beam. The source, including ECR coils and extraction system is placed in the middle of a 60 cm×60 cm×90 cm vacuum box to simulate the ISAC target module conditions. The preliminary results of the molecular and ion transient time studies, beam efficiency studies are also presented in this article. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150353
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design of a parallel-plate energy spread analyzer : Proceedings of the 7th international conference on ion sources (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 1194-1196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A 45° parallel-plate energy spread analyzer has been designed and built for the ISAC project at TRIUMF. It features an energy resolution of ≤0.04% and a spectrometer constant of k=1.29. Nineteen 0.1 mm by 10 mm metal guard frames with 1 MΩ resistors are used to equalize the electric field in the analyzer to an order of ≤0.5%. Electric field simulation is done by a code POISSON. This article describes the design of the analyzer. Preliminary experimental results are also presented. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148663
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new surface science in situ transmission and reflection electron microscope (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 440-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We describe an ultrahigh vacuum instrument for transmission electron microscopy and reflection electron microscopy for the study of surfaces and thin film growth. The focus of previous experiments was on the high spatial resolution (〈3 Å) generally associated with microscopy, at the cost of controlled growth and characterization. We have taken a different approach. It has been shown that most experiments using diffraction and diffraction contrast imaging can be performed well at poorer resolution (∼20 Å), including the imaging of monatomic steps and monolayer coverages. The instrument is designed for best control of growth and vacuum, with sacrifices in optical resolution, which is theoretically ∼2 nm. The instrument is called SHEBA (surface high-energy electron beam apparatus). We can examine a ∼1 cm2 sample in both transmission electron microscopy and reflection electron microscopy, in situ with well-controlled molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth capabilities, well characterized vacuum, and surface characterization by Auger spectroscopy and low-energy electron diffraction. Preliminary experiments of cobalt on silicon have shown MBE growth rates ranging from 1.5 monolayers per hour to 18.3 monolayers per hour depending on the temperature of the evaporation source. Using SHEBA for a reactive MBE experiment has provided the first direct evidence of the formation of aluminum nitride by nitridation of basal plane sapphire. The most serious design problems were stray magnetic fields and mechanical vibrations. These have been overcome and allow a spatial resolution of 〈10 nm. The instrument is expected to be very valuable in studies of film growth. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148679
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