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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Neotyphodium endophytes on growth, reproduction and drought-stress tolerance of three Lolium perenne L. genotypes (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Grass and forage science 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Three Lolium perenne L. genotypes collected from different natural habitats were tested for the effects of their fungal endophyte Neotyphodium spp. on plant growth and seed yield. Half the clones of the originally infected plants were subjected to fungicide treatment to eradicate the endophytes. In an experiment, the clones were planted separately into pots and were either watered adequately or subjected to drought stress. In the genotype collected from a dry site, the endophyte infection reduced plant growth at an adequate water supply, but increased regrowth under drought. In the genotype from a periodically either flooded or dry site, endophyte infection significantly promoted the development of reproductive tillers and seed production (effects which are associated with adaptation to drought). In contrast, the genotype that originated from a wet site showed higher sensitivity to drought stress when endophyte infection was present. The results suggest that environmental conditions in the original habitat of the plants may influence the symbiotic interaction between plant and fungus, probably through natural selection. However, endophyte-induced increases in root dry weight and root/shoot ratio were recorded for all three genotypes. These features could be beneficial for plant persistence, especially on sites where water is the growth-limiting factor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2003.00393.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors influencing nitrous oxide and methane emissions from minerotrophic fens in northeast Germany (1998)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 28 (1998), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Nitrous oxide ; Methane ; Minerotrophic fens ; Nitrogen fertilization ; Groundwater table
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  At two field sites representing northeastern German minerotrophic fens (Rhin-Havelluch, a shallow peat site; Gumnitz, a partially drained peat site) the influence of different factors (N fertilization, groundwater table, temperature) on N2O and CH4 emissions was investigated. The degraded fens were sources or sinks of the radiatively active trace gases investigated. The gas fluxes measured were much higher than those found in other terrestrical ecosystems such as forests. Lowering the groundwater table increased the release of N2O and the oxidation of CH4. High CH4 emission rates occurred when the groundwater tables and soil temperatures were high (〉12  °C). N fertilization stimulated the release of N2O only when application rates were very high (480 kg N ha–1). A moderate N supply (60 or 120 kg N ha–1) hardly increased the release of N2O in spite of high soluble soil NO3 – contents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050455
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colonization behaviour of two enterobacterial strains on cereals (2000)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 30 (2000), S. 550-557 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Bacteria-plant interaction ; Pantoea agglomerans ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ; Population densities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  Two diazotrophic enterobacterial strains, Pantoea agglomerans D5/23 and Klebsiella pneumoniae CC12/12, were observed in sterile and non-sterile hydroponic and soil experiments in order to determine, by means of an immunological detection method (double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), their colonization sites, their migration within individuals of different plant species, and their ability to compete with indigenous organisms. To investigate the interaction between bacteria and plants, root and shoot samples were analysed using electron microscopy. Field experiments were performed to determine the growth-promoting abilities of the bacterial strains. In field experiments, inoculation with P. agglomerans led to an increase in the grain yield of different wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars. The same strain was also able to colonize the rhizosphere and the phyllosphere of different cereals due to its ability to migrate within the plant. Roots and media were colonized 10–100 times more intensively than shoots, with about 106 cells g–1 root and 104 cells g–1 shoot. We found that P. agglomerans colonized the root and plant-growth medium of wheat to a greater extent than those of rye (Secale cereale) and barley (Hordeum vulgare), whereas the colonization of shoots was higher in rye and barley compared to wheat. Furthermore, while cell numbers of K. pneumoniae in media and roots were 10 times higher than cell numbers of P. agglomerans, only the latter markedly increased root growth. We were able to detect significant differences in colonization numbers between treatments even if the data were not normally or log-normally distributed or the variances were not homogenous.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050035
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of assimilated carbon in the system Phragmites australis-waterlogged peat soil after carbon-14 pulse labelling (2000)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 32 (2000), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Phragmites australis ; Anaerobic fen¶soil ; Carbon turnover ; Rhizodeposition ; Root respiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  Short-term (3–6 days) and long-term (27 days) laboratory experiments were carried out to determine the distribution of assimilated C in the system Phragmites australis (common reed)-waterlogged fen soil after 14C pulse labelling. The investigated system of fen plants and anaerobic organic soil showed different patterns of assimilated 14C distribution when compared to systems with cultivated plants and aerobic mineral soil. Between 90% and 95% of the 14C in the system was found in the reed plants. A maximum of 2% of the assimilated plant 14C was released from the fen soil as CO2 and about 5–9% remained in the soil. The 14C remaining in the waterlogged fen soil of the reed plant had the same amount as that of a cultivated plant in mineral soil, despite lower 14C-release (i.e. rhizodeposition and root respiration) from reed roots. Assuming that root respiration of fen plants is low, this indicates that microbial C turnover in waterlogged fen soil is much slower than in mineral soil. The estimated quantity of the assimilated C remaining in the soil was of an ecologically relevant order of magnitude.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740000204
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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