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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodeterioration dynamics of marine wreck-sites determine the need for their in situ protection (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @international journal of nautical archaeology 30 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-9270
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Archaeology
    Notes: The condition of a wooden shipwreck varies considerably according to the nature of the site environment. Each marine site exhibits a unique biodeteriogenic potential influenced by prevailing hydrographic factors. The potential rate of degradation of organic archaeological material can be determined by monitoring the diversity and activity of marine organisms and is important in determining if in situ protection is required. To illustrate the deteriogenic potential of marine archaeological sites a cold water site (Langstone Harbour, UK) was compared with a warm water site (Zakynthos, Greece). The warm water site supported a greater diversity and activity of wood-boring crustaceans and molluscs than the cold water site. However, although the mycodiversity at the two sites was different the deteriogenic potential was similar. These results indicated that warm water sites are more hazardous and in situ protection is required during and after excavation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-9270.2001.tb01377.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning electron microscopy of polyhydroxyalkanoate degradation by bacteria (1996)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 46 (1996), S. 570-579 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Bacterial degradation of sheets of selected polyhydroxyalkanoates by Comamonas sp., Pseudomonas lemoignei and Pseudomonas fluorescens GK13 is reported. Five natural polyhydroxyalkanoates were used, namely poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), poly(3-hydroxyvalerate), a copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyvalerate, a copolymer of mainly 3-hydroxyoctanoate and minor amounts of 3-hydroxyhexanoate, and two rubber-like copolymers of saturated and unsaturated hydroxyalkanoic acids that had been modified by electron-beam-induced cross-linking. Each of these polymers was degraded by at least one bacterial strain, the rate of hydrolysis being dependent on the surface area of the polymer exposed to attack. Scanning electron microscopy of partially degraded samples showed that hydrolysis started at the surface and at physical lesions in the polymer and proceeded to the inner part of the material. No evidence for areas of non-degradable polymer was found for any of the polymers analysed, even if the polymer contained chemical cross-links.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050863
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ascospore appendages of marine ascomycetes: An evaluation of appendages as taxonomic criteria (1978)
    Springer
    Marine biology 49 (1978), S. 11-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Ascospore appendages of 18 marine Ascomycetes, belonging to the genera Amylocarpus, Carbosphaerella, Corollospora, Eiona, Emericellopsis, Haligena, Halosphaeria, Lulworthia, Remispora and Torpedospora, were examined with the scanning electron microscope. A number of basic types of spore appendage development are recognised. The significance of these observations to the taxonomy of marine Ascomycetes, and especially the Halosphaeriaceae, is discussed. Remispora is considered a valid genus and not a synonym of Halosphaeria. Both Corollospora and Halosphaeria are considered to be an assemblage of disparate species. The establishment of new genera is considered premature until material of other species has been re-examined. The ontogeny and structure of spore appendages are considered useful taxonomic criteria at the specific and generic level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390726
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymatic studies of the extracellular mucilage of two aquatic hyphomycetes,Lemonniera aquatica andMycocentrospora filiformis (1997)
    Springer
    Mycoscience 38 (1997), S. 105-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Keywords: appressorium ; aquatic hyphomycetes ; mucilage composition ; strength of attachment ; ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of three carbohydrate-digesting enzymes, β-glucuronidase, lyticase and α-mannosidase and three proteolytic enzymes, α-chymotrypsin, papain and pronase E, on the strength of conidial attachment ofLemonniera aquatica andMycoentrospora filiformis was determined using the LH_Fowler cell Adhesion Measurement Module. Carbohydrate-digesting enzyme treatments showed significant differences in number of attached and detached, conidia versus control samples; little or no effect was observed for the proteolytic enzymes. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed different degrees of mucilage digestion by the carbohydrate-digesting enzymes on the germ hyphae, hyphae subtending appressoria, and appressoria of the two species. The loss of mucilage integrity and decrease in mucilage thickness were more pronounced on the hyphal sheaths than on the appressorial sheaths. Lyticase caused the most severe damage to the mucilage and cytoplasm of both fungi, particularlyL. aquatica. β-Glucuronidase and α-mannosidase exhibited more effective mucilage digestion onM. filiformis than onL. aquatica. Results indicate that the mucilage of the two species is mainly polysaccharide, containing more β-1,3-glucans than β-glucuronide and α-mannosyl residues. Variability of mucilage composition exists between these species and also between different structures of the same fungus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02460844
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural observations of asci, ascospores and appendages ofMassarina armatispora (Ascomycota) (1997)
    Springer
    Mycoscience 38 (1997), S. 141-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Keywords: bitunicate ascus ; Loculoascomycetes ; mangrove fungus ; ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Massarina armatispora (Ascomycota, Dothideales, Lophiostomataceae) is described for the first time at the ultrastructural level. Two new structures were observed for this species. Firstly, the ascospores were shown to possess polar chambers formed from the episporium and which contained a fibrillar material and secondly, a lateral fibrillar appendage-like structure. The similarities between marine ascomycetesMassarina armatispora, Massarina thalassiae andParaliomyces lentiferus are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02460849
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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