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Long-term responses of Melilotus segetalis to salinity. II. Nutrient absorption and utilization (1994)

ROMERO, J. M. ; MARAÑÓN, T. ; MURILLO, J. M.

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Plant, cell & environment 17 (1994), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-3040

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology

Notes: Specific absorption rates (SAR) and specific utilization rates (SUR) of sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, magnesium and phosphate ions were determined for Melilotus segetalis (Brot.) Ser. (annual sweetclover) grown under both control and salinized conditions (NaCl treatment of CE=15 dS m−1) for a complete life cycle with sequential harvests.The behaviour over time of the SARs and SURs of the mineral elements was in general correlated with relative growth rate (RGR) kinetics, with a parabolic trend during the vegetative phase and a progressive linear decrease during the reproductive stage.Salinity significantly reduced the SARs of K and Mg but did not affect the SARs of Ca and P during the vegetative phase. During the reproductive stage, however, the SARs of K, Ca and P of salt-stressed plants were higher than in control plants. The similar SARs of total cations (TC) found in control and salt-stressed plants may indicate compensatory mechanisms to maintain a constant total cation content.Salt-stressed plants showed lower SURs of K, Ca and P during the vegetative phase, and lower SURs of K and P but a higher SUR of Mg during the reproductive stage.A nutrient imbalance, caused by a lower root efficiency in absorbing K and Mg and a lower leaf efficiency in producing biomass per unit of K, Ca and P, apparently contributed to the salt-induced reduction in growth during the vegetative phase of M. segetalis. The switch to non-reduced, compensated growth during the reproductive phase may have been caused by a higher nutrient demand which increased the root efficiency in absorbing K, Ca and P and the leaf efficiency in utilizing Mg.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1994.tb02023.x

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Olive tree response to irrigation with wastewater from the table olive industry (2000)

Murillo, J. M. ; López, R. ; Fernández, J. E. ; [et al.]

Springer

Irrigation science 19 (2000), S. 175-180

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ISSN: 1432-1319

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract A field experiment was conducted to examine the effect of drip irrigation using wastewater from a table olive industry on physiological, nutritional and yield parameters of olive trees (Olea europaea L.). Very limited information, if any, exists, on the potential of recycling this kind of wastewater in agriculture. Two types of wastewater were used in the experiment, the first with SAR and EC values of 12–56 and 3.5–4.2 dS m−1, respectively, and the second 73–90 and 4.3–6.0 dS m−1. In general, this kind of wastewater has a highly variable composition and SAR values that are too high for agricultural purposes. Olive trees rapidly responded to wastewater application. Compared to the control (fresh water), the more saline wastewater caused important decreases in leaf water potential, stomatal conductance to H2O and the photosynthesis rate after only 15 days of irrigation, the reduction being more pronounced after 2 months of irrigation. This treatment also caused a rapid, significant reduction in leaf N concentration, as compared with the N level in the trees before irrigation. Both types of wastewater significantly reduced olive yield, compared to that obtained in the control. These results indicate that this kind of wastewater is unsuitable for application to olive orchards under irrigation.