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  • 1
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Bone morphogenetic protein-4 is a potent inducer of ectopic bone and cartilage formation in vivo. Expression of the bone morphogenetic protein-4 gene has been detected in bone cells during fracture repair but not in normal adult bone cells. To examine whether the gene is expressed by bone cells during embryonic development, in situ hybridization and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction methods were used to detect murine bone morphogenetic protein-4 specific complementary DNA in murine developmental bone tissues. Bone morphogenetic protein-4 messenger RNA was detected in the cells of various developing bone tissues, but it was not detected in these tissues after birth. Combined with previous reports, our findings indicate that the bone morphogenetic protein-4 gene is expressed during embryogenesis and bone repair and suggest that its product may be a potent bone-forming factor in bone development and fracture repair.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the pathology of femoral head collapse following transtrochanteric anterior rotational osteotomy. Six femoral heads were obtained during total hip arthroplasty some 2–12 years after osteotomy. In all cases, the preoperatively necrotic lesions exhibited mostly osteonecrosis with accumulation of bone marrow cell debris and trabecular bone with empty lacunae, although repair tissue such as granulation tissue and appositional bone formation were observed in limited areas in some cases. In the transposed intact articular surface of the femoral head, osteoarthritic changes such as fissure penetration to the subchondral bone and osteophyte formation were commonly observed. In newly created subchondral areas at weight-bearing sites, trabecular thickness and the number of trabecular bones had decreased, with few osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes being present, resulting in a coarse lamellar structure of the trabecular bone. These findings suggest that transposed areas in cases of failure consist mostly of low-turnover osteoporotic lesions which could cause collapse of the femoral head.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Osteonectin ; Osteopontin ; Osteocalcin ; Chondrogenesis ; Osteogenesis ; Bone morphogenetic protein-4 ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To determine whether a system of ectopic bone formation induced by osteosarcoma-derived bone-inducing substance (bone morphogenetic protein-4) can be used as a model of developing bone at the molecular level, we studied the expression of bone-related protein mRNAs in the process of ectopic bone formation using non-radioisotopic in situ hybridization. Osteonectin mRNA was detected in fibroblast-like cells, which are similar to periosteal cells from the early to middle stages of bone development. The proportion of osteonectin mRNA-expressing cells was greater than that of osteopontin mRNA-expressing cells in hypertrophic chondrocytes and osteoblast-like cells. In contrast, osteopontin mRNA was localized in a limited population of hypertrophic chondrocytes, a single layer of osteoblast-like cells adjacent to the bone trabeculae in the middle stage of bone formation, and in a limited subset of osteocytes in the late stage. A strong osteocalcin mRNA signal was detected in osteoblast-like cells from the middle to late stages and in a limited subset of osteocytes in the late stage of bone development. Since the sequential gene expression pattern of bone-related proteins in the present system is comparable to that in embryonic osteogenesis, this system may be useful as a model for studying gene expression in osteogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Osteonectin – Osteopontin – Osteocalcin – Chondrogenesis – Osteogenesis – Bone morphogenetic protein-4 – Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. To determine whether a system of ectopic bone formation induced by osteosarcoma-derived bone-inducing substance (bone morphogenetic protein-4) can be used as a model of developing bone at the molecular level, we studied the expression of bone-related protein mRNAs in the process of ectopic bone formation using non-radioisotopic in situ hybridization. Osteonectin mRNA was detected in fibroblast-like cells, which are similar to periosteal cells from the early to middle stages of bone development. The proportion of osteonectin mRNA-expressing cells was greater than that of osteopontin mRNA-expressing cells in hypertrophic chondrocytes and osteoblast-like cells. In contrast, osteopontin mRNA was localized in a limited population of hypertrophic chondrocytes, a single layer of osteoblast-like cells adjacent to the bone trabeculae in the middle stage of bone formation, and in a limited subset of osteocytes in the late stage. A strong osteocalcin mRNA signal was detected in osteoblast-like cells from the middle to late stages and in a limited subset of osteocytes in the late stage of bone development. Since the sequential gene expression pattern of bone-related proteins in the present system is comparable to that in embryonic osteogenesis, this system may be useful as a model for studying gene expression in osteogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1436-2023
    Keywords: Key words: limb lengthening, distraction osteogenesis, multidrilling osteotomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: We have recently developed a technique of per-cutaneous multidrilling osteotomy for limb lengthening and deformity correction. The bone is drilled percutaneously, using a special drill guide, and osteotomy is accomplished by connecting the multiple drill holes with a small chisel. The bone segments are subjected to slow progressive distraction with an external fixation device. We have lengthened 33 limbs in 22 patients with congenital or post-traumatic limb shortening and/or bone deformities. All the patients underwent the proposed lengthening and/or correction of the bone deformities through a single-treatment procedure. None of the lengthened segments resulted in nonunion. This technique can prevent undesirable bone cracks and preserve soft tissue around the osteotomy site, and is also applicable to other fields of orthopedic surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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