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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design of ion energy distributions by a broad beam ion source (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 611-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We characterize the performance of a built-in hot filament broad beam ion source by mass spectrometry, energy analysis, and beam profile measurements. In the ion energy distribution we detect various peak structures which can be explained by the potential across the ion source and different charge transfer processes. Depending on the typical cross sections for these processes, differences between the energy distributions of the ion species are observed. The total ion current obtained with the source is determined by the ionization rate in the discharge and the current share directed toward the extraction grid system. The performance of the source is strongly dependent on the process gas used. We observe much broader energy distributions in oxygen and nitrogen than in argon. This broadening is explained by spatial inhomogeneities in the discharge region and can be reduced by a suitable setting of the source parameters. The main contribution to the ion flux is caused by species generated directly from the process gas, with important impurities from source materials appearing only with additional chemical reactions in oxygen. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362869
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sputter process diagnostics by negative ions (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 5083-5086 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We measured the energy distributions of negative ions during reactive sputtering of silicon in oxygen. Various oxygen containing negative ions are formed in the cathode sheath or directly at the sputter target, respectively. These negative ions are accelerated away from the cathode by the electrical field, and can be detected using a mass spectrometer facing the sputter magnetron. The origin of each ion can be determined from peak structures in the energy distribution. Additionally the flux of different negative ions provides information on poisoning of the target by oxide films. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367325
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase and microstructure investigations of boron nitride thin films by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the visible and infrared spectral range (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 2906-2911 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Spectroscopic ellipsometry over the spectral range from 700 to 3000 cm−1 and from 1.5 to 3.5 eV is used to simultaneously determine phase and microstructure of polycrystalline hexagonal and cubic boron nitride thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering on (100) silicon. The results are obtained from a single microstructure-dependent model for both infrared and visible-light thin-film anisotropic dielectric functions. The optical behavior of high c-BN content thin films is described by an effective medium approximation. We obtain the amount of h-BN within high c-BN content thin films. A thin oriented nucleation layer between the silicon substrate and the high c-BN content layer is demonstrated. The preferential arrangement of the grain c axes within the h-BN thin films are found to be dependent on the growth parameters. The results from the infrared and visible spectral range ellipsometry model are compared to each other and found to be highly consistent. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366123
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    (.eta.6-Naphthalene)(.eta.4-1,5-cyclooctadiene)ruthenium(0): efficient synthesis, chemistry, and catalytic properties (1991)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Organometallics 10 (1991), S. 3237-3245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6041
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om00055a047
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion energy distributions in a dc biased rf discharge (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 2985-2994 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We measured quasisimultaneously the energy distributions of positive ions at the powered rf and grounded electrode of a parallel plate 13.56 MHz discharge using an energy selective mass spectrometer. The resulting ion energy distributions reflect the discharge potential conditions expected from a capacitive plasma sheath model. By means of an externally supplied dc bias of the powered electrode we are able to influence the potential structure and to control ion energy and ion flux independently. The ratio between mean ion energy and mean sheath thickness reflects the effect of collisions on the ion energy distributions and enables estimates of sheath thickness and bulk plasma parameters to be made which are compared with values obtained by Langmuir probe measurements. We are able to demonstrate that changes in sheath potential also affect, via secondary electrons, the ionization regime in the discharge and this can be utilized to control the species composition in the discharge.© 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364331
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sella Turcica und Hypophyse (1947)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 24-25 (1947), S. 299-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01734530
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zum Problem der Diagnosensicherung des hirnorganischen Psychosyndroms (1981)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 229 (1981), S. 239-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Psycho-organic syndrome ; Clinical decision making ; Psychometric testing ; Hirnorganisches Psychosyndrom ; Klinische Urteilsbildung ; Psychometrische Test-Diagnostik
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Anhand von Arzturteilen über mnestische und affektive Störungen, die für das hirnorganische Psychosyndrom als typisch gelten, und von Befunden testpsychologischer Leistungsuntersuchungen konnten Beziehungen zwischen beiden Informationsquellen nachgewiesen werden, besonders für den Bereich der Merkfähigkeit. Eine Klassifikation der einzelnen Patienten führte aber zu einem erheblichen Anteil von unterschiedlichen Zuordnungen nach dem Arzturteil und den Testergebnissen, wobei die nach ärztlichen Diagnosen Gestörten und nach den Testbefunden Unauffälligen besonders häufig waren. Der prinzipielle Anspruch nach einer testpsychologischen Hirnorganikerdiagnostik, die sich darum bemüht, die medizinische Diagnose zu replizieren, wird kritisch diskutiert und als nicht erfüllbar angesehen. Die Bedeutung einer differenzierten Leistungsanalyse als Grundlage für gezielte Trainingsprogramme wird demgegenüber als Aufgabe hervorgehoben.
    Notes: Summary A comparison was made between diagnostic decisions made by psychiatrists about memory and affective disturbances which are assumed to be typical of Psycho-Organic Syndrome and the results of psychometric evaluations of mental functioning. Some correlations could be demonstrated, especially for memory. However, the classification of individual patients showed a high percentage of different assignments between inferences of psychiatrists and test results; very often the patient was categorized as disturbed by the psychiatrist but not by tests. The claim to replicate the medical diagnosis by means of special testing of mental disorders has been critically discussed and rejected. The main goal of psychometric testing in this field seems to be a differential analysis of the performance of patients which is the basis for goal-oriented training programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343809
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organization of the genes for ribosomal RNA in archaebacteria (1983)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 192 (1983), S. 66-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have determined the arrangement of the ribosomal RNA genes of eight archaebacteria, representative of the two main divisions of this urkingdom, by Southern hybridization of purified 32P-labeled 5S, 16S and 23S rRNA to chromosomal DNA fragmented with six restriction endonucleases recognizing different hexanucleotide sequences. In all cases the rRNA genes were arranged in the order 16S-23S-5S. Close linkage of the rRNA genes, reminiscent of that in eubacteria, was found in Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, Halobacterium halobium, and Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. In contrast the distances between the rRNA genes within the order Thermoproteales, represented by Thermoproteus tenax, Thermococcus celer, Thermofilum pendens, Desulfurococcus mobilis, and Desulfurococcus mucosus are more variable, indicating a greater phylogenetic depth. In Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum two complete sets of rRNA genes are present per genome, while the other strains analyzed contain only one copy. Sulfolobus and Thermococcus carry an extra 5S rRNA gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327648
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural variability in the genome of theThermoproteus tenax virus TTV1 (1990)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 222 (1990), S. 435-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Thermoproteus ; Virus ; Variability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Six variants of the TTV1 genome, including the primary isolate, have been characterized. DNA sequence comparison of ‘wild-type’ virus (WT) and one of the variants (VT3) showed that differences are due to insertions and deletions that were confined to contiguous portions of two distinctClaI fragments. Seven similar short DNA sequences (30–102 bp) were involved in the variation. The deletions and insertions of these short DNA sequences occurred in every case adjacent to the 8 by consensus sequence 5′-ACXCCTAC-3′ which formed the 5′ flank of the segments involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00633851
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and characterization of the genes encoding three structural proteins of the Thermoproteus tenax virus TTV1 (1989)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 217 (1989), S. 105-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Archaebacteria ; Thermoproteus ; Virus ; Structural proteins ; Gene organization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Three structural proteins, TP1, TP2 and TP3, of the virus TTV1 of the thermophilic archaebacterium Thermoproteus tenax strain Kra1 were mapped within the viral genome by locating the amino-terminal amino acid sequences of these proteins in the TTV1 DNA sequence. The derived amino acid sequences comprise 113, 139 and 160 amino acid residues, respectively. All three proteins are hydrophobic. The three genes are not linked, but transcribed in the same direction. No Shine-Dalgarno sequences are found in the vicinity of the initiation codons of these three genes. By Northern analysis, four mRNAs of 0.5 kb, 0.8 kb, 1.1 kb and 1.8 kb in size were found to be encoded in the region and in the vicinity of the genes, the shortest one (t1) ecoding TP3 and the longest one (t4) encoding TP2. No transcript from the region encoding TP1 has been found so far. A transcriptional start site was mapped for the transcript t1. Its upstream sequence was similar to the putative consensus sequence for archaebacteial promoters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00330948
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