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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 99 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Anti-CD44 MoAb IM7 induced the loss of CD44 from mouse leucocytes thereby inhibiting leucocyte migration and joint inflammation in murine arthritis. Thus, targeting CD44 with MoAb may have potential for the treatment of patients with inflammatory joint diseases. Expression of CD44 by peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF) leucocytes from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients was compared and the ability of IM7 to modulate this expression determined. RASF lymphocytes showed increased CD44 expression compared with those in PB indicative of an activated phenotype. As inflammatory SF did not up-regulate CD44 expression on PB lymphocytes, the increased CD44 expression by SF lymphocytes was a result of the selective homing of CD44high cells to the synovium rather than an effect of the synovial environment. RASF granulocytes showed reduced CD44 expression compared with those in PB, again indicative of an activated phenotype. However, this reduction could be induced on PB granulocytes following culture with inflammatory SF and was inhibited by anti-TNF-α MoAb, implying that soluble factors in inflammatory SF such as TNF-α induced granulocyte activation and CD44 loss. IM7 induced the loss of CD44 from lymphocytes (both from PB and SF) and granulocytes in vitro, but was subsequently re-expressed after 24 h culture in the absence of the MoAb. This loss of CD44 was blocked by serine- and metalloprotease inhibitors implying that IM7 induced the proteolytic cleavage of CD44 by a mechanism similar to that reported for the loss of CD44 from PMA-activated granulocytes. Furthermore, IM7-treated CD44low lymphocytes showed reduced adherence to both an endothelial cell line and RA synovial fibroblasts in vitro. The unique ability of IM7 to reduce CD44 expression by lymphocytes suggests that it could prevent lymphocyte extravasation and synovial infiltration in RA as previously reported in murine arthritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Clinica Chimica Acta 121 (1982), S. 159-165 
    ISSN: 0009-8981
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 98 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 121 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Clinica Chimica Acta 148 (1985), S. 267-272 
    ISSN: 0009-8981
    Keywords: High performance liquid chromatography ; Pentosyl transferases
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Analytical Biochemistry 160 (1987), S. 337-341 
    ISSN: 0003-2697
    Keywords: Gout ; HGPRT deficiency ; HPLC ; PP-ribose-P ; erythrocyte
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 23 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Dendritic cells (DC) from the synovial inflammatory tissue and peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and from the peripheral blood of normal blood donors were compared with the autologous monocytes for their capacity to produce and release interleukin I (IL-1). Synovial DC often spontaneously released higher amounts of IL-1 activity than unstimulated and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated peripheral blood DC and monocytes. The IL-1 production by both DC and monocytes increased alter stimulation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide- In contrast with synovial DC the peripheral blood DC from both patients with rheumatoid arthritis and normal controls released less IL-1 activity than peripheral blood monocytes did. Inhibition with an antiserum to IL-1 revealed that IL-1 production is important for the accessory activity of the peripheral blood DC. Thus human DC from inflammatory sites and peripheral blood produce IL-1 activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es ist gut bekannt, daß Synovialflüssigkeit von rheumatisch-veränderten Gelenken eine geringere Viskosität hat, weniger Nicht-Newtonsches Verhalten zeigt und weniger elastisch ist als Synovialflüssigkeit von normalen Gelenken. Thixotropie, die normale Synovialflüssigkeit charakterisiert, ist in Synovialflüssigkeit von kranken Gelenken verringert oder nicht vorhanden. In dieser Veröffentlichung werden rheologische Experimente beschrieben, die mit normaler und rheumatisch veränderter Synovialflüssigkeit durchgeführt worden sind, um diese Veränderungen in Theologischen Besonderheiten zu erklären. Das Fließverhalten wurde mit einemWeissenberg-Rheogoniometer (Typ R 16) unter kontinuierlicher Schubbelastung untersucht. Andere Forscher haben gezeigt, daß in rheumatischer Synovialflüssigkeit die Hyaluronsäure abgebaut und daß die Konzentration an Hyaluronsäure-Eiweißkomplex reduziert wird. In-vitro-Experimente haben in unserem Labor auch gezeigt, daß Zugabe von wasserstoffbrückenzerstörenden Reagenzien zu normaler Synovialflüssigkeit das Fließverhalten von dieser der rheumatischen Synovialflüssigkeit sehr ähnlich machen. Rheologische Daten, die in Detail gegeben werden, zeigen, daß in normaler Synovialflüssigkeit ein makromolekularer Komplex vorhanden ist, der in rheumatischer Flüssigkeit dissoziiert. Die Art und Bedeutung dieses makromolekularen Komplexes sind weiter untersucht worden, besonders durch Bestimmung der Aktivierungsenergien für laminares Fließen von mehreren Synovialflüssigkeiten. Diese Daten wurden gestützt durch Ergebnisse von analytischen Ultrazentrifugen-Experimenten und durch weitere rheologische Experimente mit Extrakten von proteolytischen Enzymen.
    Notes: Summary The rheological characteristics of synovial fluid have been examined with aWeissenberg Rheogoniometer. Rheological evidence for the existence of a macromolecular complex in normal but not in inflammatory joint fluids has been deduced from experiments with hydrogen bond breaking agents. Further flow experiments with measurements of relaxation time and activation energy for viscous flow appear to support the contention that macromolecular complexes do exist in normal fluid and that dilution alone does not account for their dissolution in inflammatory joint diseases. Proteolytic enzyme extracts from inflammatory synovial fluid appear to have no effect on the flow characteristics of normal synovial fluid. Attempts to identify the nature of the macromolecular complex by analytical ultracentrifugation were not successful. It is concluded that rheological techniques offer a way of investigating macromolecular interactions when classical chemical methods may not be appropriate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie 58 (1999), S. 142-147 
    ISSN: 0340-1855
    Keywords: Key words Osteoarthritis ; articular cartilage ; biomechanics ; repair ; genetics ; epidemiology ; Schlüsselwörter Arthrose ; Gelenkknorpel ; Biomechanik ; Reparation ; Genetik ; Epidemiologie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Arthrose kann als klinisches und pathologisches Resultat einer Reihe von Störungen betrachtet werden, die zu einem strukturellen und funktionellen Versagen synovialer Gelenke führen. Die Arthrose entwickelt sich, wenn das Gleichgewicht zwischen Abbau und Aufbau der Gelenkstrukturen gestört ist. Ein strukturelles Versagen des Gelenkknorpels kann die Folge abnormer mechanischer Belastungen eines gesunden Gelenkknorpels wie auch physiologischer Belastungen eines patholgoisch gestörten Gelenkknorpels sein. Primäre und sekundäre Untergruppen der Arthrose werden definiert, in der Mehrzahl der Fälle ist die Pathogenese aber multifaktoriell und umfaßt Umwelt- wie auch genetische Faktoren. Die Einflüsse von Berufsarbeit, Körpergewicht, Trauma und Freizeitaktivitäten werden kurz dargestellt wie auch die Rolle von Entwicklungsstörungen, genetischen Mutationen, Denervation der Gelenke sowie vererbten und erworbenen Stoffwechselstörungen.
    Notes: Summary Osteoarthritis can be viewed as the clinical and pathological outcome of a range of disorders that results in structural and functional failure of synovial joints. Osteoarthritis occurs when the dynamic equilibrium between the breakdown and repair of joint tissues is overwhelmed. Structural failure of articular cartilage can result from abnormal mechanical strains injuring healthy cartilage as well as from failure of pathologically impaired cartilage degenerating under the influence of physiological mechanical strains. Primary and secondary subsets of OA are defined but in the majority of cases the pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving environmental as well as genetic factors. The influence of occupational factors, body weight, trauma and recreational activities are briefly reviewed, as are the role of developmental abnormalities, collagen gene mutations, denervation of joints and inherited and acquired erros of metabolism
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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