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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A multilayer ceramic actuator composed of piezoelectrically active Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)0.2–Pb(Zr0.5Ti0.5)O0.8 (PZN–PZT) layers and electrically conducting PZN–PZT/Ag layers was fabricated by the co-extrusion process. For the piezoelectric layers, PZN–PZT, which is sinterable at a low temperature (900°C), was used. For the conducting layers, a PZN–PZT/Ag composite, made by mixing silver particles with the PZN–PZT matrix, was employed. For the co-extrusion process, piezoelectric and conducting feedrods were made by mixing the PZN–PZT and PZN–PZT/Ag, respectively, with a thermoplastic polymer. The initial feedrods, which were composed of five 3 mm-thick PZN–PZT layers, two 1.5 mm-thick PZN–PZT layers, and six 1 mm-thick PZN–PZT/Ag layers, were co-extruded through a 24 mm × 2 mm reduction die at 105°C to produce continuous multilayered green sheets. The sheets were stacked, warm pressed, and sintered at 900°C for 4 h after binder burnout. The sintered multilayer actuator showed distinct layers without any reaction products or cracks at the interface. The thicknesses of the piezoelectric and conducting layers were about 200 and 70 μm, respectively. The displacement of the multilayer actuator, composed of 40 piezoelectric layers (with a total height of 10.8 mm), was about 10 μm at an applied voltage of 500 V.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 1658-1660 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Annealing atmosphere effects on domain structures and electrical properties of Pb[(Zn1/3Nb2/3)0.5(Zr0.47Ti0.53)0.5]O3 (PZN–PZT) ferroelectric materials were investigated. The PZN–PZT specimens were annealed in argon, air, oxygen, and PbZrO3 atmospheres after being sintered at 1100 °C in air. The as-sintered specimens were composed of large plate-like domains. When the specimen was annealed in flowing oxygen atmosphere for 8 h at 960 °C, the domains were refined into fine twin-like domains; whereas when the specimen was annealed in argon atmosphere, the domains were modified into needle-like structures. These modifications to the domain structures have a strong effect on the electromechanical properties of this material. The formation and redistribution of lead and oxygen vacancies during thermal annealing were responsible for those variations in domain structures and electrical properties. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The sintering behavior and piezoelectric properties of the lead zirconate titanate (Pb(ZrTi)O3, PZT)–lead zinc niobate (Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3, PZN) system were investigated. The sintering temperature required for full densification of the PZT-PZN system was significantly lowered when the proportion of PZN was increased. The density of the specimen composed of 60% PZT and 40% PZN (0.6PZT-0.4PZN, Pb((Zr0.47Ti0.53)0.6–(Zn1/3Nb2/3)0.4)O3) sintered at 880°C for 4 h was 8.15 g/cm3, which was 〉97% of the theoretical value. This improved densification behavior was attributed to the combined effects of the high sinterability of PZN and the stability of the PZT pcrovskite structure. The piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the 0.6PZT-0.4PZN specimen sintered at 880°C were comparable with those of a specimen with the same composition sintered at 1200°C for 2 h. The piezoelectric coefficient (d33) and the electromechanical coupling factor (kp) of the 0.6PZT-0.4PZN specimen sintered at 880°C were 460 pC/N and 0.6, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A ceramic–ceramic actuator composed of two piezoelectric ceramic layers with opposite poling directions was developed. One layer of the actuator had a high coercive electric field (PZT (Pb(Zr,Ti)O3)-I; Ec=1.1 kV/mm), while the other had a relatively low coercive electric field (PZT-II; Ec=0.6 kV/mm). The actuator was fabricated by cofiring a green compact composed of the PZT-I powder on top of the PZT-II powder. When an electric field 〉1.1 kV/mm was applied to the sintered body, the whole specimen was poled in one direction. Subsequently, by applying a field between 0.6 and 1.1 kV/mm, only the PZT-II layer was switched to the other direction. When an electric field was applied to this oppositely poled two-layer specimen, one layer of the specimen expanded while the other layer shrank. As a result of these reverse dilations, the actuator was bent into a dome shape, yielding a large axial displacement at the center. The displacement of this actuator with dimensions of 20 mm (diameter) × 1 mm (thickness) was 16 μm at 0.9 kV/mm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Dense and crack-free lead zinc niobate–lead zirconate titanate (PZN–PZT) films were deposited on silicon and glass substrates by spin coating using a sol containing propanediol and polyvinylpyrrolidone. Single-layer PZN–PZT films as thick as 0.80 μm were deposited by a single spin coating with successive heat treatments at 250° and 700°C. After heat treatment, the films were dense, crack free, and optically transparent. In addition, the crystallographic orientation of the thick film was controllable by adjusting the heat-treatment conditions. The ferroelectric properties of the (111)-oriented film were superior to those of the (100)-oriented film. On the other hand, the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the (100)-oriented film were better than those of the (111)-oriented film. The piezoelectric coefficients (d33) of the PZN–PZT films of 4.0-μm-thickness were 192 and 110 pC/N for the (100)-and (111)-oriented films, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) thick films were deposited on a glass substrate using a methoxyethanol-based sol–gel multicoating method. Two types of electrodes, a coplanar surface electrode and an embedded electrode, were deposited on the films to measure the phase retardation of the PLZT films by the Senarmont method. The quadratic electrooptic properties were measured as a function of the film thickness, for thicknesses ranging from 1 to 4 μm. The PLZT film with the embedded electrode structure showed a higher phase retardation value and enhanced electric breakdown resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A sol–gel-derived Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.7Ti0.3O3 (PMNT) thin film was prepared using spin coating and a PbO cover coat technique. The amount of lead excess in the precursor solution had significant effects on the phase development and microstructure of the PMNT film. The PbO cover coat proved to be effective on suppressing the formation of pyrochlore phases. PMNT thin films with a pure perovskite structure were obtained by adding 30 mol% excess lead in the precursor solution and coating the PbO layer on the top of the film. The remnant polarization (Pr), the dielectric constant (ɛr), and the dissipation factor (tan δ) of these thin films, which had a thickness of 150 nm, were determined to be 9 μC/cm2, 1370, and 0.031, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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