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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake of 15N by wetland rice in response to application of 15N-labelled Sesbania rostrata and urea (1999)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 29 (1999), S. 69-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Green manure ; Wetland rice ; Nitrogen-15-labelled Sesbania rostrata ; Nitrogen-15-labelled urea ; Residual effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  Pot experiments were carried out to evaluate the response of rice to Sesbania rostrata green manure N as compared to urea fertilizer N under flooded conditions. After growing S. rostrata for 21 days with a 15N-labelled N source, the labelled Sesbania was applied to wetland rice as a green manure and the uptake of 15N from this substrate was compared to that from labelled urea. Rice was cultivated twice in the same pots. The rice was grown for a period of 49 days in each case, separated by a period of 21 days when the soil was allowed to dry. The 15N content of the soil and shoots and roots of rice was determined and 15N balances established. The total N content of the shoots and roots of rice was determined by a non-tracer method. The percentage recovery of 15N from shoot material which was derived from urea N was more than twice that from S. rostrata. The recovery of 15N from the pots receiving both green manure and urea was low, and not significantly different from that recovered from the green manure treatment. As much as 64.5–73.5% and 40.1–41% of the 15N remained in the soil which had received green manure or urea, respectively. The overall recoveries of 15N varied between 86.5% and 94.4%. At the second harvest, the oven-dry weight of shoots was significantly (P〈0.05) higher in green-manure treated pots, but the total N content did not differ significantly. Labelled N remaining in the soil after amendment with the green manure was much more available to the rice crop than that remaining after the addition of urea-N. The total recovery of labelled N (shoots plus roots) amounted to 65.5% and 74%, respectively of the residual labelled N in the two S. rostrata treatments (i.e. 19.55 mg 15N pot–1 and 39.10 mg 15N pot–1) and 23.2% and 23.2% of the residual labelled N in the two urea treatments (i.e. 19.55 mg 15N pot and 39.10 mg 15N pot–1), respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050526
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of inoculation with Glomus mosseae, Azorhizobium caulinodans and rock phosphate on the growth of and nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation in Sesbania rostrata (1997)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 25 (1997), S. 47-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key wordsAzorhizobium caulinodans ; Dry matter ; production ; Glomus mosseae ; Sesbania rostrata ; Rock phosphate ; N accumulation ; Stem nodulation ; Acacia spp.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A study was carried out to evaluate the influence of single or dual inoculation with Glomus mosseae and Azorhizobium caulinodans with and without rock phosphate on the growth of and N, P and K accumulation in Sesbania rostrata grown in sterilized soil. Height of plants inoculated with G. mosseae in combination with A. caulinadans and/or rock phosphate was significantly higher than that of uninoculated plants or plants inoculated with A. caulinodans alone before but not after 28 days. However, the oven-dry weight of shoots and roots from all treatments did not vary significantly. Generally, concentration and uptake of N and P but not K in shoots and roots of plants were improved by dual inoculation with G. mosseae and A. caulinodans plus or minus P. Mycorrhizal infection of roots was enhanced significantly by A. caulinodans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003740050278
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mineralisation of urea and urea derivatives in anaerobic soils (1979)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 51 (1979), S. 319-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Ammonium ; Anaerobic ; Glycoluril ; Isobutylidene diurea ; Mineralisation ; Nitrate ; Nitrite ; Urea ; Ureaform ; Sulphur-coated
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The rates of mineralisation of urea and urea derivatives were studied in a laboratory anaerobic incubation experiment. Urea, urea phosphate and sulphur coated urea were hydrolysed rapidly and, even at the highest level of application, had disappeared in just over 8 days. The presence of the phosphate anion depressed pH in the early stages. Hydrolysis of the less soluble organic derivatives of urea, isobutylidine diurea, ureaform and glycoluril was very much slower and in the case of glycoluril a lag period of 8 to 16 days occurred before hydrolysis began. In the initial stages the system was anaerobic but between days 8 and 16 a change to partial aerobic conditions occurred. At this stage nitrification commenced and at day 16 nitrite was detected. Reduction of Fe(III) increased with time, reaching a maximum at day 32. More Fe(II) was produced in the presence of organic derivatives of urea than with the other fertilizers, possibly due to stabilisation by organic ligands. From day 16 nitrification, denitrification and reduction of Fe(III) proceeded together even through Eh values indicated that oxidation of Fe(II) would be expected. This did not occur until after day 32. Once nitrification began denitrification quickly followed so that for all six fertilisers, except at the highest level of application, virtually all the mineralised-N had been lost by denitrification at the end of the experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02197779
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of soil C/N ratios on nitrogen mineralization during anaerobic incubation (1970)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 32 (1970), S. 258-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary N-availability in 25 soils, spanning a wide range of C : N ratios, was estimated by maize growth in a pot experiment and ammonium-N production during anaerobic incubation. Discrepancies between the two indices were traced to soils with a high organic matter content and high C : N ratio. Whereas there existed a highly significant negative correlation between C : N ratio and incubation ammonium-N production, maize N-uptake was unrelated to C : N ratio. In particular, for soils of high C : N ratio, soil ammonium-N content after incubation gives a more reliable estimate of N-availability than does incubation ammonium-N production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01372866
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of soil C/N ratios on nitrogen mineralization during anaerobic incubation (1970)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 32 (1970), S. 258-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary N-availability in 25 soils, spanning a wide range of C : N ratios, was estimated by maize growth in a pot experiment and ammonium-N production during anaerobic incubation. Discrepancies between the two indices were traced to soils with a high organic matter content and high C : N ratio. Whereas there existed a highly significant negative correlation between C : N ratio and incubation ammonium-N production, maize N-uptake was unrelated to C : N ratio. In particular, for soils of high C : N ratio, soil ammonium-N content after incubation gives a more reliable estimate of N-availability than does incubation ammonium-N production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01372866
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of mineral amendments on the changes in the organic nitrogen components of composts (1980)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 54 (1980), S. 259-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Amino acid ; Amino sugar ; Ammonium ; Bentonite ; Clay ; Compost ; Decomposition ; Galactosamine ; Glucosamine ; Immobilization ; Kaolinite ; Muramic acid ; Nitrate ; Straw
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A series of straw composts, containing two levels of ammonium nitrate, were incubated with mineral amendments. Rate of decomposition was at a maximum over the first twenty days and was not influenced by the level of added nitrogne. The presence of bentonite and kaolinite reduced the loss of organic material slightly over the period of 150 days. In the low-N series, all the added inorganic nitrogen was immediately immobilized but in the high-N series inorganic N was slightly in excess of the microorganisms requirements. Little or no remineralization occurred. As a result of immobilization there was a rapid increase in amino acid and amino sugar nitrogen over the first 30 days and the values then remained fairly constant. The amino acid and amino sugar levels were slightly higher in the composts containing bentonite and kaolinite. In the early stages of the composting process, approximately half the organic nitrogen was soluble in phosphate buffer but the amount decreased with time of composting. Similarly, the amount of extracted nitrogen which could be hydrolysed by proteolytic enzymes, decreased with time. The composition of amino sugars liberated by acid hydrolysis suggested that chitin, probably of fungal origin, accounted for much of the amino sugar nitrogen and there is some evidence from oxidation studies for this. As composting proceeded, the amount of galactosamine increased and eventually muramic acid was identified indicating an increase in the bacterial flora.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181852
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A calibration procedure for a low-angle light-scattering apparatusSupported in part by grants from the National Science Foundation, the Petroleum Research Fund of the American Chemical Society, and the Materials Research Laboratory of the University of Massachusetts. (1978)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 16 (1978), S. 1879-1882 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1978.180161015
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