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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methyl acrylate/N-phenylmaleimide copolymers, 1. Synthesis of copolymers and effect of copolymer composition on huggins constant KH (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 102 (1982), S. 103-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: In dieser Arbeit wird die Herstellung von Methylacrylat/N-Phenylmaleimid-Co-polymeren verschiedener Zusammensetzung durch radikalische Polymerisation in Cyclohexanon mit Azoisobutyronitril als Initiator untersucht. Die Molenbrüche für N-Phenylmaleimid der vier Copolymeren MP-1, MP-2, MP-3 und MP-4 sind 0,0664,0,2344, 0,3905 und 0,5445. Die Zusammensetzung der Copolymeren wurde durch Elementaranalyse bestimmt. Weiter wird die änderung der Huggins-Konstante KH mit der Zusammensetzung für die Copolymeren in den Lösungsmitteln Dimethyl-formamid, Methylethylketon und Cyclohexanon beschrieben. KH hängt vom Lösungsmittel und von der Zusammensetzung der Copolymeren ab.
    Notes: This paper deals with the synthesis of methyl acrylate/N-phenylmaleimide copolymers having different compositions, (mole fractions of N-phenylmaleimide for the four copolymers MP-1, MP-2, MP-3, and MP-4 are 0.0664, 0.3905 and 0.5445, respectively) by free radical solution polymerization in cyclohexanone using azoisobutyronitrile as an initiator. The compositions of the copolymers have been determined by elemental analysis. The variation of the Huggins constant KH with composition for the copolymers in three solvents, methyl ethyl ketone, dimethylformamide and cyclohexanone is described. KH is found to be dependent both on solvent and composition of the copolymers.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1982.051020111
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of potentially degradable materials for marine applications. III. Polyethylene-polyethylene oxide blendsPresented at ACS, Washington, D.C., August 1990. (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 45 (1992), S. 217-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of a simulated marine environment on unstabilized polyethylene-polyethylene oxide blends, having varying polyethylene oxide content (up to 40% by weight), with or without a metal catalyst (e.g., cobalt (III) acetylacetonate) and a metal containing plasticizer (e.g., aluminum stearate), has been studied for 10 weeks exposure time. In the absence of metal catalyst and plasticizer, phase separation of polyethylene oxide was quite evident visually after melt mixing and subsequent regular compression molding of polyethylene-polyethylene oxide blends. However, these blends rendered better and uniform mixing in the presence of metal catalyst and plasticizer. Since polyethylene oxide is a water soluble component of the system, % weight loss increased significantly with increase in its content after exposure to brine. These blends have been further characterized by tensile properties, optical and scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis in order to monitor mechanical as well as morphological changes.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070450202
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of potentially degradable materials for marine applications. II. Polypropylene-starch blends (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 43 (1991), S. 405-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of exposure of unstabilized polypropylene-starch blends, with or without a metal catalyst (e.g., cobalt (III) acetylacetonate), autooxidant (e.g., fatty acid), and a metal containing plasticizer (e.g., aluminum stearate) to the marine environment was studied for about six weeks at two different locations in New Jersey. Starch tends to absorb water. Unstabilized polypropylene degrades significantly during processin in air, as indicated by melt index values. Thus, for blends of unstabilized polypropylene-starch (no additives), prepared under controlled conditions and exposed to plain seawater, there seems to be no microbial activity or chemical degradation, as indicated by no surface erosion and practically no change in molecular weight and tensile properties. However, for unstabilized polypropylene starch blends containing metal catalyst, auto-oxidant, or plasticizer exposed under soft mud, surface erosion due to microbial activity is evident. In addition, chemical degradation due to the presence of degradative additives has been confirmed, as observed by a decrease in molecular weight and tensile properties. Changes in thermal characteristics of these blends after exposure to the marine environment have been studied.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070430220
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms and performance of hydrotalcite acid neutralizers in thermoplastics (1995)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 1 (1995), S. 201-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 0193-7197
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The mechanism of color development during processing of polyolefin formulations containing phenolic antioxidant/hydrotalcite acid neutralizers was investigated in the absence and presence of polymer with residual acidity. IR spectroscopy was used to follow antioxidant/hydrotalcite interactions and thermal analysis to evaluate differences between commercial hydrotalcites from two different sources. Performance characteristics in terms of yellowness index and melt flow were evaluated by multiple extrusion of fully formulated PP and HDPE resins.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.730010318
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermoplastic composites from maleic anhydride modified post-consumer plastics (1995)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 16 (1995), S. 204-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In attempts to identify potential applications for refined commingled postconsumer plastics, a feedstock containing about 80% polyethylene (PE) and lesser amounts of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was modified through functionalization with maleic anhydride in a co-rotating intermeshing twin-screw extruder. The modified and unmodified blends were compounded with various fillers and reinforcements such as glass fibers, mica flakes, talc, and calcium carbonate. Injection molded composites based on the modified matrix had, in general, superior mechanical and thermal properties. These findings are discussed in view of the improved adhesion resulting from reactions and/or enhanced polar interactions at phase boundaries. Several compounds prepared in this work had overall property data comparable to, or approaching those, of equivalent commercial HDPE molding compounds that are commonly used in “durable” applications.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.750160304
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Volatile emissions during thermoplastics processing - a review (1995)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advances in Polymer Technology 14 (1995), S. 67-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-6679
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Types and amounts of volatiles emitted during thermoplastics processing depend upon the chemical structure of the material and the choice of processing conditions. The identification of volatiles and the development of analytical techniques for measuring their concentration in the workplace are of paramount importance to establish or revise threshold limit values that would minimize exposure to hazardous chemical substances and lead to corrective action. In this review, information related to the types of volatiles emanating from injection molding machines and extruders as well as analytical methods for their measurement was collected, analyzed, and tabulated. Emphasis was placed on the four major commodity plastics, viz., polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polystyrene (PS). Although the main emphasis is on emissions during processing, related literature under simulated conditions is also mentioned. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adv.1995.060140107
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extrusion process for polyethylene pipe: Dependence of morphology on the process parameters (1987)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advances in Polymer Technology 7 (1987), S. 201-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-6679
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adv.1987.060070209
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erratum (1993)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advances in Polymer Technology 12 (1993), S. 215-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-6679
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adv.1993.060120210
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternative procedures for the recycling of sheet molding compounds (1993)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advances in Polymer Technology 12 (1993), S. 35-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-6679
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: To establish the parameters for converting sheet molding compounds (SMCs) to useful products, various technical approaches, viz., solvent extraction, hydrolysis, and pyrolysis, have been explored. Thermogravimetric analysis of an SMC sample indicated that it contains about 25% by weight organics and 75% inorganics, mainly glass fibers and CaCO3 as filler. Solvent extraction of ground SMC with acetone, methylene chloride, chloroform, or chloroform : benzene (1 : 1 vol) yielded low quantities of a gummy, viscous extract. Hydrolysis of the extracted SMC sample under strong alkaline conditions was also studied. A unit structure was postulated for the hydrolysate based upon elemental and molecular weight analysis. Pyrolysis of both extracted and unextracted SMCs in nitrogen at 500°C and in air at 400°C yielded organic oils. These oils were characterized for their calorific values. The products of pyrolysis consisted of mainly aromatics along with some oligomers. The extract and the oil from pyrolysis appear to be compatible with epoxy systems. Their use as an extender for epoxy systems, while that of the inorganic residue (glass fibers and CaCO3) as a filler for epoxy system, have been explored. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adv.1993.060120104
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recent developments in in-line spectroscopy/microscopy for monitoring extrusion processes (1995)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advances in Polymer Technology 14 (1995), S. 151-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-6679
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: On-line/in-line measurement technologies are increasingly finding uses for controlling the quality of polymeric materials during all phases of production and for minimizing waste in the form of off-spec materials. In addition to commercial/developmental sensors for rheological or spectroscopic monitoring of extrusion processes, prototype instruments have been recently developed for in-line optical monitoring of multiphase polymer melts. In this article, examples of developments in in-line/on-line Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Near Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and optical microscopy and their applications to extrusion processes will be presented. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adv.1995.060140206
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