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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 5971-5973 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Very recently, new techniques in the magneto-optical recording were proposed which promise the readout of domains smaller than the optical diffraction limit. For this purpose Gd–(Fe,Co) alloy films are used, which change their magnetization direction with temperature. In this experimental study for the first time spin reorientation effects in multilayers of Gd/(FeCo) and Gd/Fe were investigated with varying composition and periodicity. Both Gd/(FeCo) and Gd/Fe films show a compositional dependence of the anisotropy similar to a phase transition. An in-plane to perpendicular spin reorientation near the compensation temperature Tcomp can be obtained in rare earth rich films for small periodicities λ∼1.1 nm, but for increasing λ the anisotropy change occurs at temperatures different from Tcomp. The opposite effect, i.e., spin reorientation from perpendicular to in-plane, can be observed in transition metal rich Gd/(FeCo) multilayers but not in Gd/Fe multilayers. The anisotropy behavior and the reorientation effects are explained qualitatively within a new model. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 287-288 (Aug. 1998), p. 505-508 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 373-376 (Aug. 2001), p. 497-500 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 353 (1995), S. 536-540 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In-situ X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis has been used to control the deposition process of Ti-N films on steel substrates during reactive sputtering. The analysis system consisted of a tungsten X-ray tube, secondary targets of Cu, Fe and Cr and a Si (Li) detector. The sputtering off the Ti target has been determined indirectly by plasma monitoring using optical emissions spetroscopy (OES) of the Ti atoms, and the film growth has been measured directly by XRF analysis of the surface mass of Ti atoms deposited on the substrate. For zero bias voltage and varying N2 flow the increment of surface mass per deposition time has been found to incrase linearly with the intensity of the OES signal of Ti. A negative bias voltage UB≥100 V changes strongly the growth rate by resputtering effects, especially in the range where stoichiometric TiN is formed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 92 (1994), S. 1339-1345 
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The Ar-ion-beam-mixing of the Fe/Zr multilayers is studied by conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy. The dependence of the amorphization process on ion dose is studied in detail for two sample thicknesses with an Fe to Zr ratio of 1 and modulation wavelength of 20 and 60 nm. Experimental results are compared with the predictions of the ballistic cascade and thermal spike models of mixing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 4 (1985), S. 359-362 
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 476-483 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Stress anisotropy and structure of TiN thin filmsIn many sputtering processes the substrate is rotated or periodically moved with respect to the target in order to obtain a homogeneous film deposition. In that case anisotropic conditions of film growth exist which lead to anisotropic mechanical stresses. The stress anisotropy depends on the carrier velocity and can be attributed to the film structure. The stress measurements, therefore, will be related to measurements of composition by SNMS, to determination of stoichiometry by ellipsometry and to investigations of structure by X-ray diffraction.
    Notes: Bei Sputterprozessen wird häufig das Substrat unter dem Sputtertarget rotiert oder hin- und herbewegt, um eine gleichmäßige Beschichtung zu erzielen. In dieser Arbeit wird gezeigt, daß dabei anisotrope Wachstumsbedingungen bestehen, die zu anisotropen mechanischen Spannungen führen. Die Größe der Spannungsanisotropie hängt von der Transportgeschwindigkeit ab und läßt sich durch die dabei erzeugte Schichtstruktur interpretieren. Die Messungen der Schichtspannungen werden deshalb korreliert mit der Bestimmung der Zusammensetzung mit SNMS, mit Untersuchungen der Stöchiometrie mit Hilfe von ellipsometrischen Messungen sowie mit Untersuchungen der Schichtstruktur mit Hilfe von Röntgenbeugung.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 24 (1993), S. 102-108 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigation of hard coatings prepared by RF sputteringAn analysis system has been developed to control the composition of thin films in situ during growth. The analysis is based on the characteristic X-ray emission excited either by an electron beam or by X-ray radiation. As an example, the system has been tested on Ti1-xNx films prepared by reactive sputtering.The structure of hard layers is examined by X-ray diffraction after the preparation. Grazing incidence is employed which means enhanced sensitivity for radiation from the surface. The size of microcrystallites and the microstrain as well as intrinsic macrostrains are examined. For several layer systems the influence of preparation parameters such as nitrogen flow and biasvoltage is demonstrated.
    Notes: Bei der Herstellung von Hartstoffschichten durch reaktives Zerstäuben ist es sinnvoll, die Zusammensetzung der Schicht bereits in-situ während des Aufwachsens zu kontrollieren. Dieses Ziel wurde durch einen experimentellen Aufbau erreicht, bei dem die Analyse mit Hilfe der charakteristischen Röntgenstrahlung erfolgt, die wahlweise durch Elektronen- oder Röntgenanregung der Schicht ausgelöst werden kann. Das System wurde am Beispiel von Ti1-xNx-Schichten erprobt, bei deren Herstellung die Zerstäubungsparameter systematisch verändert wurden.Die Struktur von Hartstoffschichten wird durch Röntgenbeugung nach der Herstellung untersucht; die Besonderheit des hier angewandten Verfahrens ist, daß durch streifenden Einfall die Oberfläche empfindlich vermessen werden kann. Es können Aussagen über die Mikrokristallitgröße und die Mikrodehnung der Schicht, aber auch über den Eigenspannungszustand gemacht werden. An diversen Hartstoffschichten wird der Einfluß der Herstellungsparameter Stickstoffdurchfluß und Vorspannung auf die Schichtstruktur gezeigt.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 329 (1987), S. 289-291 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Besides functional behaviour of coatings their resistivity against corroding attack is a crucial criterion for quality. The application of special corroding and abrading tests yields after short times predictions about stability of the product in practical use. A number of tests have been applied to thin magnetic storage media. Besides tests of function and visual observations with light- and scanning electron microscopes, AES- and XPS-investigations were applied to discuss corrosion resistivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 346 (1993), S. 192-195 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was applied in-situ for measurements of composition, surface mass and deposition rate of Ti atoms during reactive sputtering. Electron beam excitation was used for the determination of composition and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) for the surface mass determination. Intensity measurements of the optical emission of Ti atoms agree well with the deposition rate of Ti atoms measured by XRF. The influences of nitrogen mass flow and negative bias substrate voltage on concentration and sputtering rate were investigated in homogeneous TiNx films and TiNx/TiNy multilayers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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