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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stocking density effects on larval growth and survival of two catarina scallop, Argopecten ventricosus (= circularis) (Sowerby II, 1842), populations (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 28 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Two populations of catarina scallop, Argopecten ventricosus (= circularis) (Sowerby II, 1842), were evaluated for their larval growth and survival responses to different stocking densities. Larvae from the Magdalena population had a significantly higher growth but equal survival at a density of 10 larvae ml−1 compared with 20 larvae ml−1. Larvae from the Concepcion population grew better at densities of 15 and 20 larvae ml−1 than at densities of 5 and 10 larvae ml−1, although survival was lower at higher densities.The differing response of these two populations to increased stocking densities is explained as a possible consequence of different population adaptations related to behavioural and physiological mechanisms. The importance of establishing optimum stocking densities for molluscan larvae is stressed in two contexts: maximizing growth and survival for different populations when artificially reared, and understanding the effects of stocking densities on phenotypic variance, especially during the course of genetic studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.1997.00879.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maternal and cage effects on genetic parameter estimation for Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei Boone (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 30 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Three sets of full-sib families of Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei Boone, produced from females in different reproductive condition (15, 45 and 75 days after ablation and start of production), were used to estimate heritabilities and genetic correlations of growth traits for several larval and grow-out stages of development. Heritabilities for early larval length (nauplii) were larger when estimated from families produced 45 and 75 days after ablation than when estimated from families produced 15 days after ablation, indicating a maternal effect caused by lower reproductive quality of the females used to produce the second and third sets. However, the better reproductive quality of females used to produce the first set resulted in significant density effects on larval length, presumably caused by different mortalities occurring among families during larval culture, which also resulted in an increase in the heritability values estimated for late post-larvae stages. After transfer to grow-out cages in a pond, all estimated heritabilities decreased initially, then increased again. The increase in heritabilities was associated with a negative correlation between growth and density in the cages at 58 days. Lowering densities at this age resulted in a decrease in heritability values at 97 days, but an increase again thereafter. The largest genetic correlation with abdominal weight, the trait of most interest for improvement in shrimp, was total weight. That was followed by cephalothorax weight, width of first abdominal segment, abdominal length and total length. Among these, the trait with a consistently large heritability at 58 and 97 days, and with a large genetic correlation with abdominal weight, was width of first abdominal segment. This trait might provide a secondary or indirect trait to improve abdominal weight when combined with total weight for a selection programme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.1999.00377.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical composition of eggs and nauplii in White Pacific Shrimp, Penaeus vannamei (Boone), in relation to the physiological condition of spawners in a commercial hatchery (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 29 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In this study, triacylglycerol, cholesterol and glucose were measured in nauplii of Penaeus vannamei (Boone) to explain high and low survival rates from nauplii to zoea in a commercial hatchery. Triacylglycerol and glucose levels were significantly higher in nauplii that had increased survival rates to zoea. No significant differences were found in nauplii size or cholesterol levels. The influence of the long-term effect of ablation of broodstock on the biochemical composition of egg and nauplii was also determined. As the days after ablation increased, the glucose and triacylgyceride level in eggs, and the glucose levels in nauplii decreased. The broodstock had higher fecundity and body length 96 days after ablation, but the more recently ablated broodstock (18 days) produced the largest nauplii, which could indicate a higher development rate. A nauplii condition index was calculated from nauplii triacylglycerol levels, percentage of viable nauplii and nauplii length. A decline in this condition index was observed with increased days after ablation. The biochemical composition of egg and nauplii can be associated with the physiological status of the broodstock. In turn, the hatching success and survival to zoea are affected by the fuel levels. The differences in egg and nauplii fuels from broodstock with different time after ablation suggest that reproductive exhaustion of the broodstock is also related to insufficient metabolic fuel which, in turn, has an effect on larval viability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.1998.00953.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of human papillomavirus-related oral verruca vulgaris among Venezuelans (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 22 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A sensitive in situ hybridization test under low stringency conditions (LCS) with a set of digoxigenin-labeled human papillomavirus mixed probes (D-L HPV MP) revelaed a positive reaction in 8 of 10 cases of oral verruca vulgaris (OVV), Ages ranged from 5 to 37 years with a mean of 14.5 years. 50% of all cases were located intraorally on the hard palate, followed in frequency by the commissures. These preliminary findings provide evidence of the role of HPV in OVV from a sample of the Venezuelan population. We show that in situ hybridization conducted under LSC is useful in HPV detection (regardless of the type) and the digoxigenin-labeling system is a rapid, relatively easy and specific method. In addition, this technique permits the retrospective evaluation of routinely processed material, thus widening the investigative spectrum for HPV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1993.tb01040.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High risk human papillomavirus in oral squamous carcinoma: evidence of risk factors in a Venezuelan rural population. Preliminary report (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 30 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: In a search for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and some etiologic cofactors in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), 50 women diagnosed as OSCC were analyzed by a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay specific for HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18. This study revealed that 60% (30/50) of the OSCC patients were positive for HPV-DNA sequences. This group was analyzed according to smoking, alcohol consumption, number of pregnancies, poor oral health and low social economic status. The current results indicate an increased incidence of HPV malignant types in the oral cavity in women with OSCC. Also, they support a multifactorial model of oral cancer causation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0714.2001.300605.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential response of amphibian PRL and TSH pituitary cells to in vitro TRH treatment
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    General and Comparative Endocrinology 88 (1992), S. 178-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0016-6480
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-6480(92)90249-J
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proposal for limitation and control of fines in calcareous sands based upon their influence in some concrete properties (1990)
    Springer
    Materials and structures 23 (1990), S. 277-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1359-5997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé On expose ici le déroulement et les conclusions finales d’un programme de recherche sur quatre ans. Les carrières du pays basque ont été prospectées: on a étudié l’influence des fines calcaires et argileuses sur les mortiers aussi bien que sur les granulats calcaires de broyage, cette dernière étude faisant l’objet de cet article. On a confectionné 42 mélanges différents de béton en double, de même ouvrabilité, en prenant comme variables les teneurs en fines et en argile dans les sables et les teneurs en ciment. Cette façon de procéder a entraîné la manipulation de 14 tonnes de granulats et la confection de plus de 900 cyclindres normalisés. En conclusion, on a admis la limite de 15% de fines dans le sable calcaire broyé à condition que le taux de fines argileuses soit contrôlé à l’aide d’un équivalent de sable ‘à vue’ et mieux encore, par l’essai au bleu de méthylène. Cette recherche a servi de base à la nouvelle rédaction des paragraphes correspondants dans la récente Norme Espagnole pour le Béton EH-88; elle pourrait servir de référence pour des types similaires de granulats.
    Notes: Abstract The development and final conclusions of a research programme which has gone on for four years are explained here. The products of Basque Country quarries have been analysed, studying also the influence of calcareous and clay fines in mortars, as well as in crushed calcareous aggregate concretes, this being the objective of the present article. 42 different concrete mixes in duplicate, with the same workability, have been made, taking the contents of fines and clay in sand and the cement content as variables. This process has involved handling a total of 14 tonnes of aggregate and the manufacturing of more than 900 standardized cylinders. It is concluded that up to 15% of fines in calcareous and ground sand are admissible, provided that the proportion of clay fines is controlled by means of a sand equivalent sight test and, even better, by the methylene blue test method. This research work has been the basis for the new text of the corresponding paragraphs in the recent Spanish Concrete Standard EH-88, but could be, a reference for others with a similar type of aggregate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02472201
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Defaecography in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and healthy volunteers (1997)
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 12 (1997), S. 91-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. La défécographie chez des patients porteurs d'un syndrome du côlon irritable et chez des volontaires sains. Chez des patients atteints d'un syndrome du côlon irritable, de nombreux symptômes trouvent leur origine dans le segment recto-anal avec des modifications de la motilité du rectum et du sphincter interne ainsi que des altérations dans la sensibilité rectale. On ne sait toutefois pas jusqu'à présent si ces modifications cliniques et physiologiques sont corrélées avec des changements morphologiques dans le segment recto-anal. Methode: Seize patients consécutifs atteints d'un syndrome du côlon irritable (âge de 18 à 33 ans; M = 22 ans; 13 femmes) et 10 volontaires sains (âge de 19 à 50 ans; M = 34,5 ans; 6 hommes) ont étéévalués prospectivement avec une défécographie. Resultats: 1. L'angle ano-rectal: aucune différence significative n'a été observée quant à la valeur de l'angle ano-rectal au repos (91,6 ± 3,5° versus 92,6 ± 2,5°) et l'angle de défécation (92 ± 5,5° versus 98,7 ± 2,6° entre les patients atteints d'un syndrome du côlon irritable et les volontaires sains. Les patients porteurs d'un syndrome du côlon irritable étaient toutefois incapables d'ouvrir leur angle durant la défécation, la valeur restant la même au repos (91,6 ± 3,5°) et durant la défécation (92 ± 5,5°). Les patients porteurs d'un syndrome du côlon irritable avec constipation (n = 2) en comparaison à ceux dont la fréquence de défécation était normale (n = 13) ne démontraient aucune différence significative au repos (95 ± 6 versus 89,8 ± 4,1°) et durant la défécation (100 ± 8 versus 88,9 ± 6,4°). Les voluntaires sans ouvraient leur angle ano-rectal de plus de 5° durant la défécation; 2. bien que non significative, la périnéométrie montrait que les patient porteurs d'un syndrome du côlon irritable avaient une descente périnéale moins importante durant une défécation simulée (1,98 ± 0,37 cm) que les sujets sains (2,1 ± 0,3 cm). Néanmoins, durant les efforts d'exonération, il y avait une mobilité nettement moindre ou une descente périnéale de moindre importance chez des patients avec d'un syndrome du côlon irritable que des sujets de contrôle (0,21 ± 0,17 versus 0,95 ± 0,21 cm; P = 0,01). Conclusion: Les constatations de cette étude suggèrent que les patients porteurs d'un syndrome du côlon irritable montrent dans leur ensemble des modifications de la mobilité du plancher pelvien que la constipation soit prédominante ou pas.
    Notes: Abstract. Background: In patients with IBS, many symptoms have their origin in the recto-anal segment, with motility changes in the rectum and in the internal anal sphincter, and alterations in rectal sensitivity. However, up to now, it is not known if these clinical and physiological changes are equated with morphological changes in the recto-anal segment. Methods: Sixteen consecutive patients with IBS (mean age 22, range 18–33 years; 13 females) and 10 healthy volunteers (mean age 34.5, range 19–50 yr.; 6 males) were evaluated prospectively with defaecography. Results: 1) Anorectal angle: No significant differences were observed in the anorectal angle during rest (91.6 ± 3.5° vs 92.6 ± 2.5°) and during defaecation (92 ± 5.5° vs 98.7 ± 2.6°) between patients with IBS and healthy volunteers. However, patients wih IBS were unable to widen the angle during defaecation, remaining the same at rest (91.6 ± 3.5°) as during defaecation (92 ± 5.5°). IBS patients with constipation (n = 2) compared to those with normal frequency defaecation (n = 13) showed no significant differences at rest (95 ± 6 vs 89.8 ± 4.1°) and during defaecation (100 ± 8 vs 88.9 ± 6.4°). Healthy volunteers widened the angle by more than 5° during defaecation. 2) Perineometry: although not significant, patients with IBS had less perineal descent during the simulated defaecation (1.98 ± 0.37 cm) than healthy subjects (2.1 ± 0.3 cm). Nevertheless, during squeeze there was significantly less mobility or perineal descent in patients with IBS than in control subjects (0.21 ± 0.17 vs 0.95 ± 0.21 cm; P = 0.01). Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that patients with IBS as a whole, whether constipation predominant or not, showed changes in pelvic-floor mobility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003840050088
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sables calcaires à fines calcaires et argileuses: influence et nocivité dans les mortiers de ciment (1987)
    Springer
    Materials and structures 20 (1987), S. 202-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1359-5997
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary To obtain data for the next revision of the Spanish Concrete Standard, with regard to the content of sand fines, presently set at 5%, an exhaustive research project was undertaken. The results show the influence of different contents of calcareous and clay fines in the mechanical properties of mortars made with crushed limestone sand, prior to studying the corresponding influence on concrete prepared with this type of aggregate, which is presently being examined. Prior to this research work, a general survey was carried out of all the quarries with crushed limestone in the northwest of the peninsula corresponding to the Basque Country. From these analyses carried out in 44 quarries, an average value of 13%, taken from a range between 7 and 23%, was deduced for its contents in fines, the most frequent value being between 11 and 12%. In this study, we have seen that for clay contents in sand below 2%, 20% of total fines can be achieved with a tendency to increase resistance in cement mortars of equal plasticity. For any set contents of total fines, the increase in proportion of clay in the sand is what really makes the resistance to mortar compression drop noticeably and linearly. It has been verified for example, that a jump of 2% in the contents of clay in sand influences the resistance just as much as a modification in the contents of fines from 3 to 20%. In short, it is important to limit the contents of clay in sand, either by the sand equivalent or methylene blue (analogous to NF P 18-301, Dec. 1983). In this way, calcareous crushed sands with fines much higher than the present 5% specified could be allowed. We think that this amount could be set between 12 and 15% after carrying out the present tests on concrete.
    Notes: Abstract On a réalisé un programme de recherches assez exhaustif dans le but de rassembler des données pour une prochaine révision de la Norme Espagnole du Béton sur la teneur en fines des sables, actuellement fixée, sans exception, à 5%. On présente les résultats de l'influence des différentes teneurs en fines calcaires et argileuses sur les propriétés mécaniques des mortiers, prélablement à l'étude de cette influence sur des bétons confectionnés avec des granulats calcaires de broyage. Cette phase est en cours d'exécution à l'heure actuelle. Avant de se livrer à ces travaux expérimentaux, on a réalisé une prospection générale de toutes les carrières de broyage de calcaire dans la zone nord-est de la péninsule correspondant au Pays Basque. D'après les résultats obtenus, il semble que la limite pourra s'élever jusqu'à 12 à 15%, à condition d'assurer la présence d'argile à un taux défini par des essais.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02472737
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transrectal ultrasonography: relationship with anorectal manometry, electromyography and sensitivity tests in irritable bowel syndrome (1998)
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 13 (1998), S. 82-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Keywords: Key words Ultrasound ; Manometry ; Electromyography ; Rectum ; Anus ; Internal anal sphincter ; Irritable bowel syndrome ; Rectal sensitivity ; Rectoanal physiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le syndrome du côlon irritable constitue le trouble fonctionnel le plus fréquemment diagnostiqué en gastroentérologie. Des études spécialisées de la motilité intestinale ont démontré que ces patients, comparativement à des sujets sains, présentent des modifications dans l'activitéélectrique et mécanique recto-anale et dans la sensibilité anorectale. Jusqu'à présent, aucune publication ne fait mention d'altérations morphologiques du rectum ou du sphincter interne. Méthode: Vingt-cinq patients consécutifs souffrant de côlon irritable (âge moyen 32 ans, 14 à 47 ans; 24 femmes) ont étéévalués prospectivement avec une échographie transrectale des études de la sensibilité rectale et des enregistrements à la fois de l'activitéélectrique et mécanique du rectum distal et du sphincter interne au cours d'une période inter-digestif de deux heures. Dix volon-taires sains (âge moyen 34,5 ans; 19 à 50 ans) ont servi de groupes-contrôles (moyenne±déviation standard; test T de Student bilatéral apparié ou non apparié et une analyse de régression linéaire). Résultats: (1) Il a pu être démontré que l'épaisseur de la musculature rectale au repos (4,7±0,1 mm) n'est pas corrélée avec l'amplitude (0,73±0,1 mV) et la fréquence (17,06±3,6 pics/2 heures) et que le diamètre du sphincter interne (1,2±0,1 mm) n'est pas corrélé avec la pression de repos, avec la fréquence (17,1±3,2/2 heures), la durée (14,9±1,5 sec.) et l'amplitude (14,1±1,9 mmHg) d'inhibition du réflexe recto-anal inhibiteur spontané. (2) Aucune corrélation n'a été trouvée entre les paramètres ultra-sonographiques et la distension rectale (r=0,03). Conclusion: Les résultats de cette étude démontrent pour la première fois les modifications dans la morphologie ano-rectale survenant chez des patients porteurs d'un côlon irritable en comparaison aux observations faites chez des sujets sains en dehors du fait que ces modifications morphologiques sont indépendantes des données physiologiques. On en conclut que à la fois l'échographie transrectale permettant d'étudier la morphologie anorectale et l'électromanométrie visant à déterminer la fonction ano-rectale sont des techniques importantes dans l'évaluation des patients porteurs d'un côlon irritable.
    Notes: Abstract Irritable bowel syndrome is the most frequently diagnosed disorder in gastroenterology. It has been demonstrated with specialized motility studies that these patients compared to healthy subjects show changes in rectoanal electrical and mechanical activity and in rectoanal sensitivity. However, until now no report has been published on morphological alterations in the rectum or the internal anal sphincter. Twenty-five consecutive patients with irritable bowel syndrome (mean age 32, range 17–47 years; 24 females) were evaluated prospectively by transrectal ultrasonography, rectal sensitivity studies, and recordings of both electrical and mechanical activity of the distal rectum and internal anal sphincter during a 2-h interdigestive period. Ten healthy volunteers (mean age 34.5, range 19–50 years) served as a control group. Paired and non-paired Student's two-tailed t test and linear regression analysis were used. It was shown that muscle thickness of the rectum during rest (4.7±0.1 mm) was correlated neither with its rectal spike amplitude (0.73±0.1 mV) nor with rectal spike frequency (17.06±3.6 spike/2 h). In addition, the diameter of the internal anal sphincter (1.2±0.1 mm) was correlated neither with its resting pressure, nor with frequency (17.1±3.2/2 h), duration (14.9±1.5 s), or amplitude (14.1 ±1.9 mmHg), of inhibition of the spontaneous rectoanal inhibitory reflex. No correlation was found between ultrasonographic parameters and rectal distension variables (r=0.03). This study demonstrates for the first time morphological anorectal changes in patients with irritable bowel syndrome compared to healthy subjects, in addition to showing that morphological changes are independent of physiological ones. Therefore both transrectal ultrasonography to determine anorectal morphology and electromanometry to assess anorectal function are important measures in the evaluation of patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003840050140
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