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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 410 (2001), S. 842-847 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] When exposed to ionizing radiation (IR), eukaryotic cells activate checkpoint pathways to delay the progression of the cell cycle. Defects in the IR-induced S-phase checkpoint cause ‘radioresistant DNA synthesis’, a phenomenon that has been identified in cancer-prone patients ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental monitoring and assessment 19 (1991), S. 539-547 
    ISSN: 1573-2959
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Pollution monitoring can provide an important aid in the choice of the strategy to control the level of some dangerous elements, whether in water or in the air. The difficulties of detecting polluting sources from experimental data are related not only to the adoption of systematic and suitable measuring procedure, but also to a correct management of the available information. From the theoretical point of view, the use of simplified models, coupled with classical regularization techniques, shows that, in general, the problem is badly posed and consequently, numerically ill-conditioned. Hence the possibility of using expert systems algorithms, introducing further qualitative information, improves the reliability of the solutions. In particular, this paper deals with the utilization of fuzzy optimization algorithms: fuzzy theory supplies a formal reasoning technique, which proposes solutions that are real consequences of the premises. An actual example of such a method is described, making reference to the computation of the distribution of polluting sources from ground concentration data. The inverse problem is first solved using traditional procedures, showing that the distributed sources are not recognized. Afterwards, different results obtained from various algorithms derived from the assumed a-priori knowledge are examined. In this case, it is possible to obtain a more realistic situation of the pollution sources, inside the boundaries of the controlled area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0178-515X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Carbon steels and stainless steels are largely employed in order to build up biological purification systems of urban and industrial waste. The former are applied in building up tanks, vessels and pipes; the latter are employed in building up operator machines and appliances. This paper presents a study of the corrosion behaviour of these materials in anaerobic and aerobic environments. Tests have been carried out by continuous immersion in a biologic liquid with mixed flora. The observation of samples taken at different times of exposure has given information of great interest of application, especially about the mechanisms of localized corrosion phenomena and about the behaviour of these materials in function. Besides the presented study shows original possibilities for the assessment of the corrosion phenomenon that can be adopted and developed further still.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 37 (1986), S. 463-470 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Nichtmetallische leitende Überzüge: Eigenschaften und Verhalten von Eisen- und Eisen-PhosphatüberzügenUmwandlungsschichten aus elektrisch-leitenden Eisenphosphaten auf Stahl schützen Bauelemente aus Stahlblech auch in Atmosphären hoher Feuchtigkeit und ermöglichen deren Verbindung durch WiderstandsschweißTen. Aufgrund von Bewitterungsversuchen mit alternierenden Feucht/Trocken-Zyklen in einem Bewitterungsgerät bei 40 °C führt jedoch das SchweißTen zu Korrosion. Diese kann weitgehend unterdrückt werden, wenn man Umwandlungsschichten aus gemischten Eisen-Kupfer-Phosphaten benutzt. Aus diesem Grunde wurden die Bedingungen festgelegt, unter denen man solche Umwandlungs-schichten mit möglichst hoher Korrosionsbeständigkeit erhält. Messungen der entsprechenden Korrosionspotentiale in Natriumhydroxidlösung (pH 12, 25 °C, sauerstoffgesättigt) zeigen, daß es Schwellen werte gibt, oberhalb welcher sich akzeptable Korrosionsbeständigkeit für die phosphatierten Proben ergibt. Dadurch ist es möglich, die Wirksamkeit des Phosphatierverfahrens im technischen Maßstab zu überwachen. Das Verhalten der Phosphatierungsschichten auf dem Stahl läßt sich zur Porosität der Schichten in Beziehung setzen.
    Notes: Surface conversion of steel by means of conducting iron phosphate coatings protects mechanical parts blanked from steel sheets, even in a very high-humidity environment, and also allows their assembly through electrical resistance welding. Corrosion tests carried out by exposing the materials to alternate humid/dry cycles, in a humidostatic chamber at 40°C, indicate that the welding process gives rise to corrosion phenomena. These can be strongly mitigated by using conversion coatings of mixed iron/copper phosphates. Conditions for obtaining optimum corrosion resistance for the final conversion coatings are therefore defined.Measurements of the related corrosion potentials made at 25 °C in a sodium hydroxide solution (pH 12, saturated in oxygen) indicate the existence of threshold values above which corrosion resistance of the phosphatized specimens is acceptable, and suggest a method for performing an industrial control of phosphating efficiency.The performance of converted steel surface has been related to the porosity of phosphate coatings.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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