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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 145 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 17 (1973), S. 539-548 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: 6-Hydroxydopamine ; Neuronal uptake ; Central nervous system ; Autoradiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tritiated 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was injected into the lateral ventricle of rats and rabbits and visualized by means of autoradiography. In unfixed frozen sections, radioactive material was found penetrating about 2 mm into the periventricular tissue within 4–48 hours after injection. Radioactivity was localized preferably in particular nuclei, leaving the fiber bundles nearly free of label. In formalin-fixed paraplast-embedded sections the appearance of silver grain clusters was the very characteristic finding representing most probably uptake into presynaptic terminals. Labelling pattern suggests highly selective uptake of 6-OHDA by terminals of noradrenaline and dopamine-containing neurones; also a few single neurones of particular mesencephalic nuclei showed uptake by their nerve cell soma. A specific uptake mechanism for 6-OHDA which is most likely identical with the monoamine pump may explain the well-known selectivity of the pharmacological action of 6-OHDA. Mapping of silver grain clusters and an analysis of the frequency by which they occur in different areas of the brain were performed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Antinociceptive Morphine Effect ; 6-Hydroxydopamine ; 5,6-Dihydroxytryptamine ; Midbrain Raphe Lesion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The antinociceptive effect of morphine was studied in rats in which degeneration of catecholamine- or serotonin-containing nerve terminals had been induced. Vocalisation during electric stimulation of the tail was used as a test for nociception. Brain catecholamines were estimated fluorimetrically. Intraventricular injection of 6-hydroxydopamine markedly reduced brain catecholamines without affecting 5-HT levels; this change was accompanied by a significant reduction of the stimulation threshold both before and after application of morphine. Intraventricular injection of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine significantly depleted central 5-HT content; the stimulation threshold before and after morphine injection was not affected. Lesions of the midbrain raphe system induced a great reduction of forebrain 5-HT; the morphine effect was not significantly changed. The role of catecholamines and 5-HT in the antinociceptive effect of morphine is discussed in respect to these and other results recently published by this laboratory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Development of Morphine Dependence ; Precipitated Withdrawal ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In rats implanted subcutaneously with morphine containing pellets different degrees of dependence were induced by varying the dosage, frequency of implantation and duration of exposure to morphine. Withdrawal was precipitated by intraperitoneal injection of morphine antagonists, mostly levallorphan. The absorption of morphine from the subcutaneous depots was estimated chemically. When withdrawal was precipitated with a constant dose of antagonist the frequency of occurrence of various counted signs and the presence of some checked signs were studied in respect to varying degrees of dependence. The results were compared to those obtained after administration of increasing doses of antagonist in groups of animals that had developed a constant degree of dependence. In both types of experiments the results were rather similar. Some signs became progressively more pronounced when dependence got stronger or the dose of the antagonist was increased. In contrast, other signs showed a maximal frequency at the lower degrees of dependence or after administration of the lower doses of antagonist and decreased or even disappeared when the degree of dependence was higher or the dose of antagonist further increased. Obviously, in withdrawal the intensity of “recessive” signs like writhing and wet dog shaking declines when “dominant” signs like jumping, flying (a vigorous kind of jumping) and teeth chattering increase. An inverse relationship between the occurrence of various signs could also be shown within the 30 min observation period. Changes in the integrative mechanisms controlling behaviour during withdrawal are supposed to be the reason for this shift of signs. In other experiments in which the interval between each morphine implantation was prolonged the frequency of some signs like jumping and teeth chattering tented to plateau. This finding seems to be correlated to some kind of steady state on resorption of morphine from the subcutaneous depots, as was found in chemical analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 278 (1973), S. 69-80 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Brain Concentration ; Biogenic Amines ; Antinociceptive Effect ; Morphine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The antinociceptive activity of morphine was determined in rats using the vocalisation test, whereby vocalisation was elicited by electrical stimulation of the tail. The effects of various drugs were compared with the corresponding changes in brain amine concentration. 1. Manipulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels with parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) or 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) did not modify the effect of morphine. 2. Catecholamine (CA)-depleting agents antagonized the effect of morphine. α-methyl-p-tyrosine (α-MT) treatment attenuated the morphine effect and decreased the CA levels, whereas the stimulation threshold before morphine administration was not changed. Inhibition of noradrenaline (NA) synthesis by FLA-63 also reduced the morphine effect. 3. Intraventricular injections of 5-HT, NA and dopamine (DA) (without morphine) did not alter the nociceptive threshold. The effect of morphine was not altered by 5-HT or DA. NA attenuated the action of morphine when injected intraventricularly after morphine, but not when injected before morphine. The reduced activity of morphine in rats treated with α-MT could not be restored by intraventricular injection of NA or DA. 4. The concentration of morphine in brain was not altered by the α-MT treatment. It is suggested that the antinociceptive activity of morphine as tested by this method depends on the concentration of CA in brain, NA being more important than DA. 5-HT does not seem to be involved. Apparently the antinociceptive effect of morphine does not follow a single mechanism since the putative transmitter substances play a different role depending on the animal species and test methods used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 39 (1996), S. 189-194 
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Key words Sex ratio ; Evolution ; Heterogeneity ; Orthoptera ; Motility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Offspring sex ratio at hatching was examined in the bushcricket Poecilimon veluchianus. Offspring sex ratios varied significantly between females (Fig. 1). Low mortality prior to sex determination established that this heterogeneity was already present in the primary offspring sex ratio. Sperm age and female age had no influence on offspring sex ratio (Fig. 2). Male age at copulation, however, correlated significantly with offspring sex ratio (Fig. 3). There were two types of males: one type produced predominantly daughters when young and an increasing proportion of sons with age. The other type produced, independent of age, 1:1 offspring sex ratios (Fig. 4). The two types of males seem to occur in approximately equal numbers. Sex ratio variation (1) may adaptively compensate for local sex ratio biases caused by sex-specific motility, or (2) it may be adaptive if there is a sex-differential effect of laying date on offspring fitness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 29 (1978), S. 202-205 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactivity of Al2O3 and NiAl2O4 in chlorine and chlorine-oxygen mixtures at elevated temperaturesTo test the reaction inhibiting efficiency of Al2O3 or NiAl2O4 as a protective layer formed on Ni-Cr-Al alloys in chlorine at higher temperatures, for the present the rate of chlorination of Al2O3 and NiAl2O4 pellets has been investigated in Cl2 and Cl2-O2-mixtures between 700 and 1000°C. The rate of chlorination of Al2O3 with 5,8 × 10-2 mg/cm2h at 1000°C is significantly smaller than the corresponding rate of NiAl2O4 with 2,6 mg/cm2h at 800 °C. The rate of chlorination of Al2O3 is increased with increasing Cl2 pressure and decreased with increasing O2 pressure. As expected, for NiAl2O4 no oxygen pressure dependence of the chlorination rate was detected.
    Notes: Um die Aussicht auf eine reaktionshemmende Wirkung einer auf einer Ni-Cr-Al-Legierung auftretenden Al2O3 bzw. NiAl2O4-Deckschicht gegen den Angriff von Chlor bei höheren Temperaturen zu prüfen, wurde zunächst die Chlorierung von Al2O3- bzw. NiAl2O4-Presslingen in Chlor und Cl2-O2-Gemischen zwischen 700 und 1000°C untersucht. Die Geschwindigkeit der Chlorierung von Al2O3 ist mit 5,8 × 10-2 mg/cm2h bei 1000°C erheblich geringer als die von NiAl2O4, die bereits bei 800°C 2,6 mg/cm2h beträgt. Die Chlorierung von Al2O3 nimmt mit steigendem Chlor-Partialdruck zu und mit steigendem Sauerstoff-Partialdruck ab. Im Falle des Spinells war keine Sauerstoffdruck-Abhängigkeit beobachtbar.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 79 (1967), S. 1073-1073 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 6 (1967), S. 1083-1083 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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