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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    US, CT and MR imaging characteristics of nephroblastomatosis (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 28 (1998), S. 435-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives. To describe the imaging features of nephroblastomatosis with US, CT and MR, to point out characteristics of differentiation between nephrogenic rests (NR) and Wilms' tumour (WT) and to determine the most appropriate imaging modality. Materials and methods. We reviewed the US, CT and MR images of 29 cases of histopathologically confirmed nephroblastomatosis sent to our department for reference evaluation (German nephroblastoma study). The series included 17 kidneys with NR, 6 kidneys with WT and 32 kidneys with both NR and WT. Results. NR presented as multinodular, peripheral, cortical lesions, the diffuse form of distribution being less common. Foci were homogeneous and of low echogenicity, density or signal intensity. The lesions were most clearly depicted with contrast-enhanced CT and T1-weighted (T1-W) MR images. Lesions smaller than 1 cm were rarely identified by US. The most reliable criterion to differentiate NR from WT was their homogeneity. Conclusions. Contrast-enhanced CT and T1-W MR images are of similar potential and superior to US in the diagnosis of nephroblastomatosis. Due to the significant radiation dose of serial CT, MR imaging should be the method of choice wherever it is available. The cost-effectiveness and availability of US makes it ideal for serial follow-up of known lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002470050378
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyloric muscle in asymptomatic infants: sonographic evaluation and discrimination from idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 28 (1998), S. 429-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective. To compare the morphological and functional US appearance of the pylorus in healthy infants with those suffering from idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) in order to determine the pathological limits and to find out the most discriminating morphometric parameter. Materials and methods. The pylorus of 84 asymptomatic infants was prospectively evaluated with respect to morphology (pyloric length, pyloric diameter, muscle thickness and pyloric volume) and function (gastric peristalsis and emptying, pyloric opening and the fluid passage). Results were compared with 85 patients with proven IHPS. Results. In every normal infant we observed frequent pyloric opening with passage of gastric contents and quick gastric emptying. All infants with proven IHPS presented with a permanently closed pylorus and exaggerated, retrograde gastric peristalsis. For each of the four parameters, highly significant differences (P 〈 0.0001) were found between the control and IHPS groups. Pathological limits were 3 mm for muscle thickness (accuracy 100 %), 15 mm for pyloric length (accuracy 94 %), 11 mm for pyloric diameter (accuracy 92 %) and 12 ml for pyloric volume (accuracy 96 %). Conclusions. Evaluation of pyloric function plays an important role in the diagnosis of IHPS. The morphometric parameters are highly accurate in differentiating IHPS from a normal pylorus, muscle thickness being the most discriminating parameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002470050377
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combined static-dynamic MR urography for the simultaneous evaluation of morphology and function in urinary tract obstruction (2000)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 30 (2000), S. 523-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. To assess the diagnostic value of combined static-dynamic MR urography (MRU) for the functional-morphological evaluation of experimentally induced urinary tract obstruction in the piglet. Materials and methods. In 20 piglets unilateral ureteric stenosis was created operatively. Post-surgery repeated comparative examinations were obtained with MRU, diuretic renal scintigraphy (DRS), excretory urography (EU) and ultrasound (US). MRU was performed as a combination study with a static 3D-IR-TSE sequence and a dynamic 2D-FFE sequence after Gd-DTPA with frusemide administration. Results. MRU allowed complete depiction of the prestenotic urinary tract and of the stenosis in all cases. In 43 comparative studies MRU was superior to EU in 36, EU to MRU in 2. When single kidney function was calculated with both MRU and DRS, results were highly correlated (r = 0.92). When urinary excretion was compared, significant agreement was achieved with concordant findings in 86 % and slightly discordant results in 12 %. Conclusions. Static-dynamic MR urography permits excellent depiction of experimentally induced urinary tract obstruction in piglets and reliable assessment of individual renal function and urinary excretion. Two advantages of the method stand out – it does not require radiation and it permits functional-morphological correlation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002470000273
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrasound features of intussusception predicting outcome of air enema by Britton and Wilkinson (2000)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 30 (2000), S. 716-716 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002470000287
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eosinophilic gastroenteritis mimicking idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 28 (1998), S. 711-713 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report two infants with eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG). This rare disease can mimic the clinical symptoms and US appearance of idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS). US examination of the antropyloric region with a high-frequency linear transducer can assist in the differentiation of EG from IHPS, which is important because the therapeutic approaches are completely different. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of IHPS, especially when there has been an ineffective pyloromyotomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002470050448
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrostatic reduction of intussusception under US guidance (1995)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 25 (1995), S. 530-534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The current nonoperative management of ileocolic intussusception includes hydrostatic and pneumatic reduction, both performed under fluoroscopic monitoring. Recently, a new technique — ultrasoundguided reduction — replaced the conventional approach in our institution. Over a 20-month period, 46 intussusceptions were diagnosed sonographically in 40 patients. In all cases, reduction was attempted under ultrasound guidance by means of a normal saline enema. In 42 cases (91%) reduction was successful and only four patients had to be operated (two resections, two manual reductions). Complications did not occur. this technique permits distinct visualization of the entire process, providing a clear and detailed echogram of the fluid-filled large and small intestine. We established the following definite criteria of reduction: disappearance of the target, demonstration of the ileocecal valve, visualization of the fluid reflux, and fluid filling of small bowel loops. The presented technique for the reduction of intussusception without radiation exposure is reliable and safe, and appears to be one of the most promising methods for the nonoperative treatment of ileocolic intussusception.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02015786
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combined static-dynamic MR urography for the simultaneous evaluation of morphology and function in urinary tract obstruction (2000)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 30 (2000), S. 511-522 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective. A new approach, combined static-dynamic MR urography is evaluated to determine its potential utility for the functional-morphological diagnosis of paediatric urinary tract obstruction. In this initial investigation we sought to evaluate the procedure by imaging the urinary tract of piglets. Materials and methods. Twenty-nine healthy piglets were studied with MR urography (MRU), 99 mTc-MAG3 diuretic renal scintigraphy (DRS), ultrasound (US) and excretory urography (EU). The functional and morphological findings were compared. For MRU we combined a respiration-triggered 3D-IR-TSE sequence and a dynamic 2D-FFE sequence after Gd-DTPA injection. Results. MRU depicted the complete urinary tract with superior image quality compared to EU. Calculation of time-intensity curves from the dynamic sequence permitted determination of single kidney function from parenchymal ROIs and urinary excretion using the whole kidney ROI. MRU and DRS showed significant agreement in the assessment of both single kidney function and urinary excretion. Disturbances of urinary drainage were generally caused by an overfilled bladder. Conclusions. Combined static-dynamic MRU is well suited for the depiction of the complete urinary tract and for the determination of individual kidney function and urinary excretion in the piglet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002470000270
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