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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 26 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Viral respiratory tract infections have been previously considered to be associated with induction of allergic sensitization.Objective and Methods In order to investigate this relationship in an animal model, guinea-pigs were inoculated intranasally with Parainfluenza-3-(PI-3) virus (n= 16) or virus-free culture medium (controls, n= 12), sensitized at day 4 with inhaled ovalbumin (OA) and challenged 3 weeks later with inhaled OA using specific bronchial provocation testing with body piethysmographic measurement of compressed air (CA). Furthermore, specific anti-OA-IgGl-antibodies in serum before challenge were determined by enzyme hnked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For investigation of airway epithelium permeability horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was inhaled at day 4 after inoculation by six animals, and HRP serum concentrations were determined by a direct ELISA 30 min after inhalation.Results PI-3 infected animals were found to be significantly more sensitized to OA compared with controls, with higher CA values (P 〈 0.001) on specific bronchial provocation and with increased specific anti-OA-IgGl titers. Serum-HRP concentrations were about 20 times higher in the infected animals compared with controls. PI-3 infected and sham-infected animals had comparable bronchial reactions on specific provocation with OA when sensitized systemically.Conclusions We conclude that viral respiratory tract infection with PI-3 virus enhances inhaiative allergic sensitization in the guinea-pig. Increased mucosal permeability to antigens may be an important pathophysiological mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter FSME-Endemiegebiet ; Mittelhessen ; Doppelinfektionen ; Lyme-Borreliose ; Zecken ; Liquorbefund ; Key words Tick-borne encephalitis ; Lyme disease ; Double infection ; Endemic area ; CSF-findings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is the most severe arbovirus disease transmitted by ticks. The mortality of the central European form is 0.7–2%. Active immunisation is recommended for endemic regions. We report on 4 patients with TBE aquired in Middle-Hessen between 1994 and 1997 (2 in 1997). After repeated CSF and serum testing the TBE-specific antibodies were found in all 4 cases. In one case there was also evidence for a prior infection with borrelia burgdorferi. The results of the initial CSF-analysis were atypical in 2 cases (high cell count of 136 cells/mm3, total protein up to 1.5 g/l). The endemic region for TBE has expanded in northern direction into Middle-Hessen, a region in which Lyme borreliosis is also endemic. Thus, true double infections are possible. This and the initially frequently atypical CSF-findings make the differential diagnosis difficult. Therefore, repetitive CSF and blood examinations are recommended.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die FSME ist die häufigste, schwere durch Zecken übertragene Arbovirose Mitteleuropas. Die Letalität der in Teilen Deutschlands vorkommenden westlichen Variante beträgt 0,7–2%. Eine aktive Immunisierung ist möglich und für exponierte Gruppen in Endemiegebieten empfohlen. In Mittelhessen waren bisher keine Endemiegebiete bekannt. Wir berichten über 4 Patienten mit in Mittelhessen erworbenen FSME-Infektionen und typischem Krankheitsverlauf im Zeitraum von 1994–1997 (davon zwei 1997). Bei allen Patienten ließ sich die Infektion serologisch sichern, bei einem der 4 Patienten bestand zusätzlich der Hinweis auf eine abgelaufene oder möglicherweise gleichzeitige Borrelia-burgdorferi-Infektion. Der initiale Liquorbefund war in 2 Fällen atypisch, der Nachweis von spezifischen Antikörpern war im Verlauf in allen Fällen möglich. Mittelhessen ist seit 1997 als FSME-Endemiegebiet anzusehen, welches sich weiter nach Nordwesten auszubreiten scheint. Das gleichzeitige Vorkommen von Borrelia burgdorferi erschwert die Diagnostik und muß an Doppelinfektionen denken lassen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 353 (1971), S. 169-184 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Durch eine Infektion mit dem „Marburg-Virus“ entwickelt sich beim Meerschweinchen nach einer Inkubationszeit von 2–8 Tagen mit einem Mittelwert um den 5. Tag innerhalb kurzer Zeit eine Hepatitis. Sie ist im wesentlichen durch disseminiert angeordnete Einzelzellnekrosen, seltener vorkommende Gruppennekrosen, ballonierte Leberzellen und lytische Nekrosen, eine im Ausmaß wechselnde Verfettung der Leberzellen, eine nur geringe Infiltration der portalen Felder mit lymphoiden bzw. monocytoiden Elementen sowie eine Aktivierung und erhebliche Proliferationstendenz der Sternzellen gekennzeichnet. Zusätzlich finden sich vornehmlich extracellulär gelegene basophile Körperchen sowie selten basophile oder eosinophile Cytoplasmaeinschlüsse in Leberzellen. Die Regenerationsfähigkeit der Leber ist nicht beeinträchtigt. Bereits 3 Wochen nach Beginn der Erkrankung kann eine restitutio ad integrum vorliegen; unter Umständen sind aber auch noch nach mehreren Monaten lockere portale Infiltrate und Sternzellknötchen als Restzustände der Hepatitis vorhanden. Übergänge in eine chronische Hepatitis oder eine Cirrhose kommen nicht vor. Die Befunde zeigen eine bis in Einzelheiten reichende Übereinstimmung mit Veränderungen in der menschlichen Leber. Bei höheren Passagen verkürzt sich die Inkubationszeit; eine voll entwickelte Hepatitis kann bereits am 5. Erkrankungstag vorliegen. Das Ausmaß der Lebernekrosen nimmt zu; die mesenchymale Reaktion ist dagegen eher geringer. Außerdem treten häufig in Leberzellen, seltener auch in Sternzellen eigentümliche basophile Strukturen mit einer positiven PAS- und von Kossa-Reaktion auf, die möglicherweise mit intracellulären Ansammlungen des infektiösen Agens übereinstimmen.
    Notes: Summary After inoculation with the “Marburg-Virus” guinea pigs developed a hepatitis after an incubation period of 2 to 8 days. The most striking histological changes were necroses of single hepatic cells or focal necroses, balloon-cells, cellular lysis, fatty degeneration, infiltrates of mononuclear cells in portal spaces and distinct proliferation of von Kupffer cells. The necroses revealed no special pattern of distribution. In addition, extracellular basophilic bodies were seen in portal spaces and sinusoids. Very occasionally basophilic or eosinophilic inclusions were found in liver cells. The regenerative capacity of liver cells was not affected. Restitutio ad integrum was noted in some cases as early as three weeks later, whereas in other animals infiltrates in portal spaces and accumulations of von Kupffer cells were still present 2 to 5 months after the disease had terminated clinically. On higher passages, the incubation period of the disease was shortened, the causative agent greatly increased and the hepatitis developed more rapidly. Simultaneously liver necroses became more conspicuous whereas mesenchymal reactions seemed to be reduced. In many of the animals basophilic structures with positive PAS and v. Kossa reactions were found in varying numbers of liver cells and in some von Kupffer cells. The possibility that these basophilic structures are related to intracellular aggregations of the infections agent is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 31 (1970), S. 71-80 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Marburg virus complement fixing (CF) antigen was prepared from both persistently infected Vero cells and livers of infected guinea pigs. A comparative study proved that the cell culture antigen reacted much more specific than the liver antigen making it the antigen of choice for the detection of CF antibodies to this virus. Employing the cell culture antigen CF activities were determined in sera from 22 patients reconvalescing from the Marburg disease. Antibodies were present as long as two years after recovery which suggests that they generally persist for a long time. Thus, CF tests may be utilized to screen a population for previous contact with the Marburg virus.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wurden Antigenpräparationen des Marburg-Virus aus infizierten Vero-Trägerzellen und Meerschweinchenlebern in der KBR hinsichtlich Wirksamkeit und Spezifität verglichen. Das Zellkultur-Antigen reagierte wesentlich spezifischer als die Präparate aus infizierten Meerschweinchenorganen, so daß es das Antigen der Wahl zum Nachweis komplementbindender Antikörper darstellt. Es wurde deshalb zur Untersuchung des Titerverlaufes bei 22 Patienten herangezogen. Die Immunkörper sind noch 2 Jahre nach der Erkrankung nachweisbar, was auf eine langdauernde Immunität hinweist. Serologische Untersuchungen können daher Aufschluß über die Durchseuchung einer Population geben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The generation of cytotoxic T cells to alloantigens in mixed lymphocyte culture was suppressed by the addition of spleen cells from adult mice acutely infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. T cells of surface phenotype Lyt 1+2+ were required for the suppression. Suppressive cells appeared also in lymph nodes, but not in the thymus. In the spleen their number was maximal 6 to 8 days after infection. Infectious virus could not be detected in the suppressive spleen cells. Therefore the virus itself does not seem to cause the effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the present serologocal study 120 monkey sera from different species originating from the Philippines, China, Uganda and undetermined sources and several groups of human sera comprising a total of 1288 specimens from people living in Germany were examined for the presence of antibodies directed against filoviruses (Marburg virus, strain Musoke/Ebola virus, subtype Zaire, strain Mayinga/Reston virus). Sera were screened using a filovirus-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ELISA-positive sera were then confirmed by the indirect immunofluorescence technique, Western blot technique, and a blocking assay, and declared positive when at least one cornfirmation test was reactive. Altogether 43.3% of the monkey sera and 6.9% of the human sera reacted positively with at least one of the three different filovirus antigens. The blocking assays show that antibodies, detected in the sera, are directed to specific filovirus antigens and not caused by antigenic cross-reactivity with hitherto unknown agents. Data presented in this report suggest that subclinical filovirus infections may also occur in humans and in subhuman primates. They further suggest that filoviruses are not restricted to the African continent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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